Affirmed – when a decision is affirmed, the appellate court determines that the lower
            court reached the correct decision.

Appellant – person who appeals the lower court’s decision.

Appellee – party against whom the appeal is filed.

Burden of Proof

Caption – part of a case that identifies the parties to the lawsuit.

Citation -

Common law (judge-made) – the Constitution also empowers the judiciary with the authority to interpret the laws and to establish standards of care.

Compurgation – one of the three English perjury methods of trial that was necessary

            when a person’s oath was questioned; compurgation required the accused person to bring forward 11 supporters, called compurgators, making 12 people in all who would

            be willing to take an oath on behalf of the accused.

Concurring Opinion – an opinion written by a judge who agrees with the outcome of the

            case but wants to note a difference in logic for reaching the decision.