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Nobody. -- Benjamin Franklin Gratitude is merely the secret hope of further favors. -- Francious de la Rochefoucauld What if this weren't a hypothetical question? -- Unknown We can't all be heroes because somebody has to sit on the curb and clap as they go by. -- Will Rogers America's one of the finest countries anyone ever stole. -- Bobcat Goldthwaite Illusion is the first of all pleasures. -- Oscar Wilde Bureaucracy defends the status quo long past the time when the quo has lost its status. -- Laurence J. Peter Wise men talk because they have something to say; fools, because they have to say something. -- Plato These are terms that people use to find our page: Finasteride minoxidil biotrans bionique. restore stress non surgical the a loss alopecia rogaine cure problems therapy treatment uk Great. Britain England Scotland Ireland Wales United Kingdom Europe EU Channel. 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The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include financier Nicholas Biddle in 1786; educator and hymn writer Lowell Mason ("Nearer My God To Thee") in 1792; James Longstreet, Confederate general in the Civil War, in 1821; publisher Frank Doubleday in 1862; reading teacher Evelyn Wood in 1909; actor Jose Ferrer in 1912; comic actor Larry Storch in 1925 (age 77); comedian Soupy Sales in 1926 (age 76); newsman Charles Osgood in 1933 (age 69); the ìKing of Rock 'n' Roll,î Elvis Presley, in 1935; singer Shirley Bassey in 1937 (age 65); game-show host Bob Eubanks in 1938 (age 64); actress Yvette Mimieux in 1941 (age 61); physicist and author Stephen Hawking in 1942 (age 60); singer David Bowie in 1947 (age 55); and actress Ami Dolenz, daughter of former Monkee Mickey Dolenz, in 1970 (age 32). On this date in history: In 1815, the forces of American Gen. Andrew Jackson decisively defeated the British in the Battle of New Orleans, the closing engagement of the War of 1812. In 1867, Congress approved legislation that, for the first time, allowed blacks to vote in the District of Columbia. In 1973, the trial of the "Watergate Seven" began in Washington, D.C. The defendants were charged with breaking into Democratic Party national headquarters. In 1976, Chinese Premier Chou En-lai died in Beijing. In 1987, Kay Orr was inaugurated in Lincoln, Neb., as the nation's first woman Republican governor. Also in 1987, the Dow Jones industrial average closed above 2000 for the first time. In 1991, one person was killed and 248 injured when a London commuter train crashed into the buffers at a station. Also in 1991, Pan American World Airways filed for bankruptcy. In 1993, thousands gathered at Elvis Presley's Graceland mansion in Memphis, Tenn., to purchase the first issue of a stamp honoring the King of Rock 'n' Roll on what would have been his 58th birthday. In 1994, Tonya Harding won the U.S. Figure Skating Championship in Detroit, qualifying her for the Winter Olympics. The U.S. Figure Skating Association also named Nancy Kerrigan to the team, despite her injury in an attack two days earlier. In 1997, a report by University of Texas scientists concluded that exposure to a combination of chemicals was somehow linked to Gulf War Syndrome, responsible for the various ailments reported by veterans of the 1991 conflict. In 2001, former Gov. Edwin Edwards of Louisiana was sentenced to 10 years in prison after being convicted of extorting money from applicants seeking riverboat casino licenses. A thought for the day: William Feather said, ìSuccess seems to be largely a matter of hanging on after others have let go." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Monday, Jan. 7, the seventh day of 2002, with 358 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its new phase. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include Frenchman Jacques Montgolfier, who, with his brother, invented the hot air balloon, in 1745; Millard Fillmore, 13th president of the United States, in 1800; Bernadette Soubirous, who became St. Bernadette and whose visions led to the foundation of the shrine at Lourdes, France, in 1844; film executive Adolph Zukor in 1873; cartoonist Charles Addams in 1912; actor Vincent Gardenia in 1922; author William Blatty (ìThe Exorcistî) in 1928 (age 74); singers Paul Revere in 1938 (age 64) and Kenny Loggins in 1948 (age 54); Rolling Stone magazine publisher Jann Wenner in 1947 (age 55); actress Erin Grey in 1952 (age 50); "Today" co-host Katie Couric in 1957 (age 45); and actor Nicholas Cage in 1964 (age 38). On this date in history: In 1610, Galileo, using his primitive telescope, discovered the four major moons of Jupiter: Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. In 1789, the first nationwide U.S. presidential election was held. The electors chosen by the voters unanimously picked George Washington as president and John Adams as vice president. In 1927, commercial trans-Atlantic telephone service between New York and London was inaugurated. In 1931, as the Great Depression was getting under way, a report to President Hoover estimated that four-million to five-million Americans were out of work. In 1979, the Cambodian government of Pol Pot was overthrown. In 1989, Japanís Emperor Hirohito died. In 1990, Jeffrey Lundgren, a self-proclaimed prophet and leader of a breakaway religious sect wanted for the slayings of five Ohio followers, was arrested in California at a motel near the Mexican border. In 1991, Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney announced he was canceling the Navy's A-12 Stealth attack plane project. And in 1991, loyalist troops attacked Haiti's presidential palace, rescuing President Ertha Pascal-Trouillot and capturing the coup plotters. In 1993, the EPA released a long-awaited report that classified environmental tobacco smoke as a carcinogen. In 1996, an immense storm system dumped up to three feet of snow onto the Mid-Atlantic and New England states. In 1997, Rep. Newt Gingrich, R-Ga., was re-elected Speaker of the House and then reprimanded for violating House rules and misled the House Ethics Committee in its probe of possible political use of tax-exempt donations. In 1998, at a time when her association with President Clinton was not yet public, former White House intern Monica Lewinsky reportedly denied in an affidavit filed in the Paula Jones case that she had had an affair with him. Also in 1998, a federal jury in Denver was unable to agree on a penalty for Terry Nichols, convicted in December 1997 in connection with the April 1995 bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City. That meant he would not face the death penalty. In 1999, President Clinton's impeachment trial opened in the Senate. He would be acquitted. A thought for the day: an anonymous author wrote, "Remember, people will judge you by your actions, not your intentions. You may have a heart of gold -- but so does a hard-boiled egg." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Friday, Jan. 4, the fourth day of 2002, with 361 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its last quarter. The morning star is Jupiter. The evening stars are Mars and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include folklore and fairy tale collector Jakob Grimm in 1785; teacher of the blind Louis Braille in 1809; shorthand writing system inventor Isaac Pitman in 1813; Charles Stratton, the midget known as Gen. Tom Thumb, in 1838; Sen. Everett Dirksen, R-Ill., in 1896; actress Jane Wyman in 1914 (age 88); Pro Football Hall of Fame coach and player Don Shula in 1930 (age 72); boxer Floyd Patterson in 1935 (age 67); actress Dyan Cannon in 1937 (age 65); author and former first daughter Maureen Reagan in 1941; R.E.M. lead singer Michael Stipe in 1960 (age 42); and actors Dave Foley in 1963 (age 39) and Julia Ormond in 1965 (age 37). On this date in history: In 1885, Dr. William Grant of Davenport, Iowa, performed the first appendectomy. His patient recovered. In 1893, President Benjamin Harrison granted amnesty to all persons who since Nov. 1, 1890, had abstained from practicing polygamy. It was part of a deal for Utah to achieve statehood. In 1936, Billboard magazine published the first pop music chart. In 1951, Chinese and North Korean forces captured the South Korean capital of Seoul. In 1974, President Nixon refused to release any more of the 500 documents subpoenaed by the Senate Watergate Committee. In 1985, Israel confirmed that 10,000 Ethiopian Jews had been flown to Israel. Ethiopia termed the operation "a gross interference" in its affairs. In 1990, deposed Panamanian Gen. Manuel Antonio Noriega appeared in federal court in Miami. Also in 1990, Charles Stuart, who said he and his pregnant wife had been shot after leaving a Boston birthing class in October 1989, committed suicide as police closed in to arrest him for the deaths of his wife and child. In 1993, 25 people, including 18 Americans, were killed when their tour bus traveling on a rain-slick highway near Cancun, Mexico, crashed into a utility pole and burned. In 1994, Mexican government troops are sent into the southeastern state of Chiapas to quell a rebellion by the previously unknown Zapatista National Liberation Army (ZNLA). Also in 1994, several Eastern European nations asked to join NATO. In 1995, the 104th Congress convened with Republicans in control in both houses for the first time since 1953. Sen. Bob Dole, R-Kan, became Senate Majority Leader and Rep. Newt Gingrich, R-Ga, was elected Speaker of the House. Also in 1995, CBS quoted the mother of House Speaker Newt Gingrich, R-Ga., calling first lady Hillary Rodham Clinton a "bitch." In 2000, President Clinton nominated Alan Greenspan to a fourth four-year term as chairman of the Federal Reserve. A thought for the day: it was Frederick Douglass who wrote, "Without a struggle, there can be no progress." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Thursday, Jan. 3, the third day of 2002, with 362 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its last quarter. The morning star is Jupiter. The evening stars are Mars and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include feminist and abolitionist Lucretia Mott in 1793; British Prime Minister Clement Attlee in 1883; J.R.R. Tolkien, author of the "Lord of the Rings" trilogy, in 1892; actor Ray Milland in 1908; entertainer Victor Borge in 1909; Maxine Andrews of the Andrews Sisters trio in 1918; actors Robert Loggia in 1930 (age 72) and Dabney Coleman in 1932 (age 70); Hockey Hall of Famer Bobby Hull in 1939 (age 63); actress Victoria Principal in 1950 (age 52); actor/director Mel Gibson in 1956 (age 46); and actress Danice McKellar ("The Wonder Years") in 1975 (age 27). On this date in history: In 1777, the Continental Army commanded by Gen. George Washington defeated the British at Princeton, N.J. In 1938, the first March of Dimes campaign to fight polio was organized. In 1939, Gene Cox, 13, became the first female congressional page. In 1959, Alaska became the 49th state of the Union. In 1961, the United States severed diplomatic relations with Cuba after Fidel Castro announced he was a communist. In 1967, Jack Ruby, who shot and killed presidential assassin Lee Harvey Oswald, died of cancer in Dallas. In 1969, police at Newark, N.J., confiscated a shipment of the John Lennon-Yoko Ono albums ìTwo Virginsî because the cover photo, featuring full frontal nudity, violated pornography statues. In 1990, deposed Panamanian dictator Gen. Manuel Antonio Noriega left his refuge in the Vatican Embassy in Panama City and surrendered to U.S. troops. He was whisked to Florida to face narcotics trafficking charges. Propecia hair restorer Kwikmed fight baldness In 1991, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was removed from the list of diseases that would automatically bar an infected person from entering the United States. In 1993, President Bush and Russian President Boris Yeltsin signed the START II treaty reducing strategic nuclear arsenals by two-thirds. In 2000, peace talks between Israeli and Syrian leaders opened in Shepherdstown, W.Va. In 2001, the Federal Reserve cut interest rates by half a percent to stem an economic slowdown. A thought for the day: Henry David Thoreau said, "Be true to your work, your word, and your friend." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Wednesday, Jan. 2, the second day of 2002, with 363 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its last quarter. The morning star is Jupiter. The evening stars are Mars and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include Virginia patriot Nathaniel Bacon in 1647; British Gen. James Wolfe, hero of the battle of Quebec in 1727; fan dancer Sally Rand in 1904; author Isaac Asimov in 1920; singer Julius La Rosa in 1930 (age 72) and singer/songwriter Roger Miller in 1936; former televangelist Jim Bakker in 1939 (age 63); actors Tia Carrere in 1967 (age 35) and Cuba Gooding Jr. in 1968 (age 34); and model Christy Turlington in 1969 (age 33). On this date in history: In 1788, Georgia ratified the Constitution, the fourth of the original 13 colonies to do so, and was admitted to the union. In 1942, Japanese forces occupied Manila, forcing U.S. and Philippine forces under Gen. Douglas MacArthur to withdraw to the Bataan peninsula. In 1959, the Soviet Union launched Lunik-1, the first unmanned spacecraft to travel to the moon. In 1974, President Nixon signed a bill requiring states to limit highway speeds to 55 mph or lose federal highway funds. In 1990, elite Soviet interior ministry troops seized buildings in the Baltic republics of Latvia and Lithuania. Also in 1990, Britain's most wanted terrorist suspect, Patrick Sheehy, was found dead in the Republic of Ireland. In 2001, President Bush nominated a Democrat to his Cabinet, picking Norman Mineta, President Clinton's commerce secretary, to head the Department of Transportation. A thought for the day: an anonymous saying is, "He who dies with the most toys is, nonetheless, still dead." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Friday, Jan. 11, the 11th day of 2002 with 354 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its new phase. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include American statesman Alexander Hamilton, first Secretary of the Treasury, in 1757; Ezra Cornell, founder of Western Union Telegraph company and Cornell University, in 1807; Sir John MacDonald, first prime minister of Canada, in 1815; psychologist and philosopher William James in 1842; feminist lawyer Alice Paul in 1885; South African novelist Alan Paton ("Cry the Beloved Country") in 1903; actor Rod Taylor in 1930 (age 72); Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien in 1934 (age 68); and singers Naomi Judd in 1946 (age 56) and Mary J. Blige in 1971 (age 31). On this date in history: In 1785, the Continental Congress convened in New York City. In 1861, Alabama seceded from the Union. In 1935, American aviator Amelia Earhart Putnam became the first woman to fly across the Pacific from Hawaii to California. In 1964, U.S. Surgeon General Luther Terry released a report saying smoking cigarettes is a definite "health hazard." In 1984, the U.S. Supreme Court reinstated a $10 million award to the family of Oklahoma nuclear worker Karen Silkwood, who died in 1974. In 1990, martial law, imposed during the June 1989 Tiananmen Square pro-democracy movement, was lifted in Beijing. Also in 1990, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev visited Lithuania in effort to cool secessionist fervor. In 1991, Congress authorized the use of military force to oust Iraq from Kuwait. In 1993, doctors in Pittsburgh performed the second ever baboon-to-human liver transplant; the 62-year-old recipient did not survive long. In 1994, President Clinton kicked off a visit to Eastern Europe with a stop in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. In 1995, the U.S. State Department accused Russia of breaking an international agreement by making major troop movements into the rebel republic of Chechnya without providing notification. Also in 1995, hockey team owners and players reached an agreement, salvaging the 1994-95 NHL season. In 1996, the Japanese Diet elected Ryutaro Hashimoto, head of the Liberal Democratic Party, as the new premier. In 2000, the British government declared Chileís Gen. Augusto Pinochet medically unfit to stand trial in Spain. The ruling cleared the way for the former dictator to avoid charges of crimes against humanity. In 2001, the Federal Communications Commission approved the merger of American Online and Time Warner Inc., creating the worldís largest media conglomerate. Also in 2001, a yearlong investigation by the U.S. Army concluded that American soldiers shot and killed unarmed South Korean civilians in July 1950 during the Korean War. A thought for the day: William James said, ìThere is no worse lie than a truth misunderstood by those who hear it.î Your history lesson for the day: Today is Thursday, Jan. 10, the 10th day of 2002 with 355 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its new phase. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include silent screen actor Francis X. Bushman in 1883; poet Robinson Jeffers in 1887; actors Ray Bolger in 1904, Paul Henreid in 1908 and Sal Mineo in 1939; singers Johnnie Ray in 1927, Frank Sinatra Jr. in 1940 (age 62), Jim Croce in 1942 and Rod Stewart in 1945 (age 57); boxer George Foreman in 1949 (age 53); and singer Pat Benatar in 1953 (age 49). On this date in history: In 1776, "Common Sense" by political philosopher Thomas Paine was published. The pamphlet advocated independence from England. In 1878, a constitutional amendment that would give women the right to vote was introduced into the U.S. Senate. It wasnít until 42 years later that the amendment was signed into law. In 1901, oil was discovered at the Spindletop claim near Beaumont, Texas, launching the Southwest oil boom. In 1920, the League of Nations came into being as the Treaty of Versailles went into effect. The United States did not join the League. In 1946, the first meeting of the United Nations General Assembly was held in London. In 1984, the United States established full diplomatic relations with the Vatican for the first time in 116 years. On 1994, NATO approved a plan for a limited expansion of the membership to Eastern European nations. In 1995, the Senate unanimously approved President Clinton's nomination of Robert Rubin as Secretary of the Treasury. In 1996, rebels in the Russian republic of Chechnya holding 2,000 rebels released all but 130 and were allowed to flee. However, before they reached the border, Russian troops attacked the convoy, causing the rebels to hole up in a nearby town and beginning a five-day standoff. Also in 1996, Israel freed 812 Palestinians from jails. In 2000, America Online announced it had agreed to buy Time Warner for $165 billion, in what would be the biggest merger in history. A thought for the day: Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote, "Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Dec. 7. Today is a ìdate that will live in infamy.î On the morning of Dec. 7, 1941, nearly 200 Japanese aircraft attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The raid, which lasted a little more than an hour, killed nearly 3,000 people and nearly destroyed the entire U.S. Pacific Fleet. The attack came one day after President Franklin Roosevelt send a message of peace to Japanís Emperor Hirohito, and catapulted the United States into World War II. The U.S. Congress declared war on Japan one day later. An earthquake measuring 6.9 on the Richter scale struck the Soviet Republic of Armenia on this date in 1988. As many as 60,000 people were killed ñ- many when their poorly constructed homes collapsed on them. Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev cut short his U.S. visit to fly home to head the worldwide relief efforts. The destruction of a 16th century mosque in India by militant Hindus on this date in 1992 sparked five days of violence across the Indian subcontinent that left more than 1,100 people dead. It was on this date in 1993 that a gunman opened fire on a crowded Long Island, N.Y., commuter train -- killing several persons. One of those killed was the husband of Carolyn McCarthy, who later campaigned on a platform of gun control to win a seat in the U.S House of Representatives. Delaware became the first state to ratify the United States Constitution, doing so on this date in 1787. The vote was unanimous. And where would we be without Leo Baekeland, who on this date in 1909, patented the process for making Bakelite -- giving birth to the modern plastics industry. Tom Hanks to Receive Life Award Tom Hanks is joining such past Hollywood Everymen as James Stewart and Jack Lemmon as a recipient of the American Film Institute's life achievement award. Hanks will be honored with the 30th annual award in a tribute on June 12 at Hollywood's Kodak Theatre, the new home of the Oscar ceremony. USA Network will air the tribute June 23. "Tom Hanks is American film's Everyman for a new generation," said Howard Stringer, chair of the AFI board of trustees. Like Stewart and Lemmon, Hanks has played a string of lovable characters in such films as "Splash," "Sleepless in Seattle," "Big" and "You've Got Mail." A double Oscar winner for "Philadelphia" and "Forrest Gump," Hanks has been nominated three other times, most recently for last year's "Cast Away." Hanks also provided the voice of Sheriff Woody in the "Toy Story" movies, and his other credits include "Saving Private Ryan," "Apollo 13" and "The Green Mile." He wrote, directed and co-starred in "That Thing You Do!" Hanks and "Saving Private Ryan" director Steven Spielberg are executive producers on the HBO miniseries "Band of Brothers." Stewart received the AFI life achievement honor in 1980, and Lemmon was the recipient in 1988. Daniels Returns to Wilmington Charlie Daniels recalled that when business was slow at Taylor Colquitt Creosoting Co., the Wilmington company either had to lay off him or a co-worker. Daniels told the business that since he had music to fall back on, he would leave. After a number of hits, Grammys and other awards and honors, the country music star returned to Wilmington on Wednesday to become the Walk of Fame's 10th inductee. "It's special when you are honored by the people who knew you first and know you best," said the singer, dressed in his signature cowboy hat, boots, giant belt buckle and white shirt with prints of red boots. More than 100 people attended the event. "He's real big in the music world and has made a large impression here," said fan Ricky Meeks. Daniels, who turns 65 on Monday, was born in Wilmington and grew up in the area. He recorded a string of hits after leaving town, including his platinum single "The Devil Went Down to Georgia," which topped both country and pop charts and won a Grammy. The Walk of Fame is sponsored by Celebrate Wilmington!, a civic partnership of the community, the Arts Council and the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. Bob Dylan Writing Autobiography Bob Dylan is writing a multi-volume autobiography, titled "Chronicles," the first installment of which is due out next year. Simon & Schuster spokesman Adam Rothberg declined to give details of the deal on Wednesday, or say how many volumes Dylan will write. "This is the big one," Rothberg said. "It's covering his life and career. You'll have to read the rest of it to find out." The 60-year-old singer-songwriter previously released a book of his lyrics, as well as "Tarantula," a collection of short pieces and poems he wrote while he was touring in the mid-1960s. Justin Timberlake's Novel Canceled Justin Timberlake's novel has been canceled because the 'N Sync member had no time to do a national publicity tour, a spokeswoman for the publishing house said. Timberlake, perhaps the most recognizable member of the five-member boy band, signed a seven-figure deal with Ballantine Books to publish his first novel, "Inside Drive: A Novel of Basketball, Life and Love." But the 20-year-old was too busy with other projects to promote the book, which had been scheduled for release this fall, said Kim Hovey, Ballantine's vice president and director of publicity. "We felt very strongly that we needed him to be able to go out on the road and do national media appearances and bookstore events," Hovey said Wednesday. Timberlake's publicist in Los Angeles, Lisa Kasteler, said the decision to cancel the book had to do with more than just publicity. "He had too much going on to be able to give it the kind of time that he wanted to," she said. Timberlake hadn't finished the book, Kasteler said, and won't seek another publisher. 'N Sync took part in the marathon "United We Stand" benefit concert on Sunday in Washington, and is scheduled to perform at a free Veteran's Day show in Miami on Nov. 11, with proceeds from the sale of VIP tickets going to families of the victims of last month's terrorist attacks. Hovey said reports are false that the cancellation was inspired in part by disappointing sales of "A Mother's Gift," the book Timberlake's girlfriend, Britney Spears, wrote with her mother. Friars Club Honors Aaron Spelling The Friars Club of California honored TV producer Aaron Spelling, whose string of hits includes "Beverly Hills, 90210," "Charlie's Angels," "Dynasty" and "Fantasy Island." Spelling received a lifetime achievement award on Wednesday for the thousands of hours of television entertainment he has provided to audiences worldwide, and for his philanthropic efforts in the community. Spelling's wife, Candy, and children, Tori and Randy, attended the event. Tori Spelling co-starred as Donna Martin on "Beverly Hills, 90210" throughout its 10-year run. Talk show host Larry King served as master of ceremonies and comedians Don Rickles, Norm Crosby and Red Buttons performed skits. Also attending were Sidney Poitier, Milton Berle and Connie Stevens. Proceeds from the event will go to the Friars Charitable Foundation, City of Hope National Medical Center and the Sept. 11 Fund for victims of last month's terrorist attacks. Your history lesson for the day: Today is Tuesday, Jan. 8, the eighth day of 2002 with 357 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its new phase. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include financier Nicholas Biddle in 1786; educator and hymn writer Lowell Mason ("Nearer My God To Thee") in 1792; James Longstreet, Confederate general in the Civil War, in 1821; publisher Frank Doubleday in 1862; reading teacher Evelyn Wood in 1909; actor Jose Ferrer in 1912; comic actor Larry Storch in 1925 (age 77); comedian Soupy Sales in 1926 (age 76); newsman Charles Osgood in 1933 (age 69); the ìKing of Rock 'n' Roll,î Elvis Presley, in 1935; singer Shirley Bassey in 1937 (age 65); game-show host Bob Eubanks in 1938 (age 64); actress Yvette Mimieux in 1941 (age 61); physicist and author Stephen Hawking in 1942 (age 60); singer David Bowie in 1947 (age 55); and actress Ami Dolenz, daughter of former Monkee Mickey Dolenz, in 1970 (age 32). On this date in history: In 1815, the forces of American Gen. Andrew Jackson decisively defeated the British in the Battle of New Orleans, the closing engagement of the War of 1812. In 1867, Congress approved legislation that, for the first time, allowed blacks to vote in the District of Columbia. In 1973, the trial of the "Watergate Seven" began in Washington, D.C. The defendants were charged with breaking into Democratic Party national headquarters. In 1976, Chinese Premier Chou En-lai died in Beijing. In 1987, Kay Orr was inaugurated in Lincoln, Neb., as the nation's first woman Republican governor. Also in 1987, the Dow Jones industrial average closed above 2000 for the first time. In 1991, one person was killed and 248 injured when a London commuter train crashed into the buffers at a station. Also in 1991, Pan American World Airways filed for bankruptcy. In 1993, thousands gathered at Elvis Presley's Graceland mansion in Memphis, Tenn., to purchase the first issue of a stamp honoring the King of Rock 'n' Roll on what would have been his 58th birthday. In 1994, Tonya Harding won the U.S. Figure Skating Championship in Detroit, qualifying her for the Winter Olympics. The U.S. Figure Skating Association also named Nancy Kerrigan to the team, despite her injury in an attack two days earlier. In 1997, a report by University of Texas scientists concluded that exposure to a combination of chemicals was somehow linked to Gulf War Syndrome, responsible for the various ailments reported by veterans of the 1991 conflict. In 2001, former Gov. Edwin Edwards of Louisiana was sentenced to 10 years in prison after being convicted of extorting money from applicants seeking riverboat casino licenses. A thought for the day: William Feather said, ìSuccess seems to be largely a matter of hanging on after others have let go." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Monday, Jan. 7, the seventh day of 2002, with 358 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its new phase. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include Frenchman Jacques Montgolfier, who, with his brother, invented the hot air balloon, in 1745; Millard Fillmore, 13th president of the United States, in 1800; Bernadette Soubirous, who became St. Bernadette and whose visions led to the foundation of the shrine at Lourdes, France, in 1844; film executive Adolph Zukor in 1873; cartoonist Charles Addams in 1912; actor Vincent Gardenia in 1922; author William Blatty (ìThe Exorcistî) in 1928 (age 74); singers Paul Revere in 1938 (age 64) and Kenny Loggins in 1948 (age 54); Rolling Stone magazine publisher Jann Wenner in 1947 (age 55); actress Erin Grey in 1952 (age 50); "Today" co-host Katie Couric in 1957 (age 45); and actor Nicholas Cage in 1964 (age 38). On this date in history: In 1610, Galileo, using his primitive telescope, discovered the four major moons of Jupiter: Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. In 1789, the first nationwide U.S. presidential election was held. The electors chosen by the voters unanimously picked George Washington as president and John Adams as vice president. In 1927, commercial trans-Atlantic telephone service between New York and London was inaugurated. In 1931, as the Great Depression was getting under way, a report to President Hoover estimated that four-million to five-million Americans were out of work. In 1979, the Cambodian government of Pol Pot was overthrown. In 1989, Japanís Emperor Hirohito died. In 1990, Jeffrey Lundgren, a self-proclaimed prophet and leader of a breakaway religious sect wanted for the slayings of five Ohio followers, was arrested in California at a motel near the Mexican border. In 1991, Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney announced he was anceling the Navy's A-12 Stealth attack plane project. And in 1991, loyalist troops attacked Haiti's presidential palace, rescuing President Ertha Pascal-Trouillot and capturing the coup plotters. In 1993, the EPA released a long-awaited report that classified environmental tobacco smoke as a carcinogen. In 1996, an immense storm system dumped up to three feet of snow onto the Mid-Atlantic and New England states. In 1997, Rep. Newt Gingrich, R-Ga., was re-elected Speaker of the House and then reprimanded for violating House rules and misled the House Ethics Committee in its probe of possible political use of tax-exempt donations. In 1998, at a time when her association with President Clinton was not yet public, former White House intern Monica Lewinsky reportedly denied in an affidavit filed in the Paula Jones case that she had had an affair with him. Also in 1998, a federal jury in Denver was unable to agree on a penalty for Terry Nichols, convicted in December 1997 in connection with the April 1995 bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City. That meant he would not face the death penalty. In 1999, President Clinton's impeachment trial opened in the Senate. He would be acquitted. A thought for the day: an anonymous author wrote, "Remember, people will judge you by your actions, not your intentions. You may have a heart of gold -- but so does a hard-boiled egg." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Friday, Jan. 4, the fourth day of 2002, with 361 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its last quarter. The morning star is Jupiter. The evening stars are Mars and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include folklore and fairy tale collector Jakob Grimm in 1785; teacher of the blind Louis Braille in 1809; shorthand writing system inventor Isaac Pitman in 1813; Charles Stratton, the midget known as Gen. Tom Thumb, in 1838; Sen. Everett Dirksen, R-Ill., in 1896; actress Jane Wyman in 1914 (age 88); Pro Football Hall of Fame coach and player Don Shula in 1930 (age 72); boxer Floyd Patterson in 1935 (age 67); actress Dyan Cannon in 1937 (age 65); author and former first daughter Maureen Reagan in 1941; R.E.M. lead singer Michael Stipe in 1960 (age 42); and actors Dave Foley in 1963 (age 39) and Julia Ormond in 1965 (age 37). On this date in history: In 1885, Dr. William Grant of Davenport, Iowa, performed the first appendectomy. His patient recovered. In 1893, President Benjamin Harrison granted amnesty to all persons who since Nov. 1, 1890, had abstained from practicing polygamy. It was part of a deal for Utah to achieve statehood. In 1936, Billboard magazine published the first pop music chart. In 1951, Chinese and North Korean forces captured the South Korean capital of Seoul. In 1974, President Nixon refused to release any more of the 500 documents subpoenaed by the Senate Watergate Committee. In 1985, Israel confirmed that 10,000 Ethiopian Jews had been flown to Israel. Ethiopia termed the operation "a gross interference" in its affairs. In 1990, deposed Panamanian Gen. Manuel Antonio Noriega appeared in federal court in Miami. Also in 1990, Charles Stuart, who said he and his pregnant wife had been shot after leaving a Boston birthing class in October 1989, committed suicide as police closed in to arrest him for the deaths of his wife and child. In 1993, 25 people, including 18 Americans, were killed when their tour bus traveling on a rain-slick highway near Cancun, Mexico, crashed into a utility pole and burned. In 1994, Mexican government troops are sent into the southeastern state of Chiapas to quell a rebellion by the previously unknown Zapatista National Liberation Army (ZNLA). Also in 1994, several Eastern European nations asked to join NATO. In 1995, the 104th Congress convened with Republicans in control in both houses for the first time since 1953. Sen. Bob Dole, R-Kan, became Senate Majority Leader and Rep. Newt Gingrich, R-Ga, was elected Speaker of the House. Also in 1995, CBS quoted the mother of House Speaker Newt Gingrich, R-Ga., calling first lady Hillary Rodham Clinton a "bitch." In 2000, President Clinton nominated Alan Greenspan to a fourth four-year term as chairman of the Federal Reserve. A thought for the day: it was Frederick Douglass who wrote, "Without a struggle, there can be no progress." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Thursday, Jan. 3, the third day of 2002, with 362 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its last quarter. The morning star is Jupiter. The evening stars are Mars and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include feminist and abolitionist Lucretia Mott in 1793; British Prime Minister Clement Attlee in 1883; J.R.R. Tolkien, author of the "Lord of the Rings" trilogy, in 1892; actor Ray Milland in 1908; entertainer Victor Borge in 1909; Maxine Andrews of the Andrews Sisters trio in 1918; actors Robert Loggia in 1930 (age 72) and Dabney Coleman in 1932 (age 70); Hockey Hall of Famer Bobby Hull in 1939 (age 63); actress Victoria Principal in 1950 (age 52); actor/director Mel Gibson in 1956 (age 46); and actress Danice McKellar ("The Wonder Years") in 1975 (age 27). On this date in history: In 1777, the Continental Army commanded by Gen. George Washington defeated the British at Princeton, N.J. In 1938, the first March of Dimes campaign to fight polio was organized. In 1939, Gene Cox, 13, became the first female congressional page. In 1959, Alaska became the 49th state of the Union. In 1961, the United States severed diplomatic relations with Cuba after Fidel Castro announced he was a communist. In 1967, Jack Ruby, who shot and killed presidential assassin Lee Harvey Oswald, died of cancer in Dallas. In 1969, police at Newark, N.J., confiscated a shipment of the John Lennon-Yoko Ono albums ìTwo Virginsî because the cover photo, featuring full frontal nudity, violated pornography statues. In 1990, deposed Panamanian dictator Gen. Manuel Antonio Noriega left his refuge in the Vatican Embassy in Panama City and surrendered to U.S. troops. He was whisked to Florida to face narcotics trafficking charges. In 1991, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was removed from the list of diseases that would automatically bar an infected person from entering the United States. In 1993, President Bush and Russian President Boris Yeltsin signed the START II treaty reducing strategic nuclear arsenals by two-thirds. In 2000, peace talks between Israeli and Syrian leaders opened in Shepherdstown, W.Va. In 2001, the Federal Reserve cut interest rates by half a percent to stem an economic slowdown. A thought for the day: Henry David Thoreau said, "Be true to your work, your word, and your friend." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Wednesday, Jan. 2, the second day of 2002, with 363 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its last quarter. The morning star is Jupiter. The evening stars are Mars and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include Virginia patriot Nathaniel Bacon in 1647; British Gen. James Wolfe, hero of the battle of Quebec in 1727; fan dancer Sally Rand in 1904; author Isaac Asimov in 1920; singer Julius La Rosa in 1930 (age 72) and singer/songwriter Roger Miller in 1936; former televangelist Jim Bakker in 1939 (age 63); actors Tia Carrere in 1967 (age 35) and Cuba Gooding Jr. in 1968 (age 34); and model Christy Turlington in 1969 (age 33). On this date in history: In 1788, Georgia ratified the Constitution, the fourth of the original 13 colonies to do so, and was admitted to the union. In 1942, Japanese forces occupied Manila, forcing U.S. and Philippine forces under Gen. Douglas MacArthur to withdraw to the Bataan peninsula. In 1959, the Soviet Union launched Lunik-1, the first unmanned spacecraft to travel to the moon. In 1974, President Nixon signed a bill requiring states to limit highway speeds to 55 mph or lose federal highway funds. In 1990, elite Soviet interior ministry troops seized buildings in the Baltic republics of Latvia and Lithuania. Also in 1990, Britain's most wanted terrorist suspect, Patrick Sheehy, was found dead in the Republic of Ireland. In 2001, President Bush nominated a Democrat to his Cabinet, picking Norman Mineta, President Clinton's commerce secretary, to head the Department of Transportation. A thought for the day: an anonymous saying is, "He who dies with the most toys is, nonetheless, still dead." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Friday, Jan. 11, the 11th day of 2002 with 354 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its new phase. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include American statesman Alexander Hamilton, first Secretary of the Treasury, in 1757; Ezra Cornell, founder of Western Union Telegraph company and Cornell University, in 1807; Sir John MacDonald, first prime minister of Canada, in 1815; psychologist and philosopher William James in 1842; feminist lawyer Alice Paul in 1885; South African novelist Alan Paton ("Cry the Beloved Country") in 1903; actor Rod Taylor in 1930 (age 72); Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien in 1934 (age 68); and singers Naomi Judd in 1946 (age 56) and Mary J. Blige in 1971 (age 31). On this date in history: In 1785, the Continental Congress convened in New York City. In 1861, Alabama seceded from the Union. In 1935, American aviator Amelia Earhart Putnam became the first woman to fly across the Pacific from Hawaii to California. In 1964, U.S. Surgeon General Luther Terry released a report saying smoking cigarettes is a definite "health hazard." In 1984, the U.S. Supreme Court reinstated a $10 million award to the family of Oklahoma nuclear worker Karen Silkwood, who died in 1974. In 1990, martial law, imposed during the June 1989 Tiananmen Square pro-democracy movement, was lifted in Beijing. Also in 1990, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev visited Lithuania in effort to cool secessionist fervor. In 1991, Congress authorized the use of military force to oust Iraq from Kuwait. In 1993, doctors in Pittsburgh performed the second ever baboon-to-human liver transplant; the 62-year-old recipient did not survive long. In 1994, President Clinton kicked off a visit to Eastern Europe with a stop in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. In 1995, the U.S. State Department accused Russia of breaking an international agreement by making major troop movements into the rebel republic of Chechnya without providing notification. Also in 1995, hockey team owners and players reached an agreement, salvaging the 1994-95 NHL season. In 1996, the Japanese Diet elected Ryutaro Hashimoto, head of the Liberal Democratic Party, as the new premier. In 2000, the British government declared Chileís Gen. Augusto Pinochet medically unfit to stand trial in Spain. The ruling cleared the way for the former dictator to avoid charges of crimes against humanity. In 2001, the Federal Communications Commission approved the merger of American Online and Time Warner Inc., creating the worldís largest media conglomerate. Also in 2001, a yearlong investigation by the U.S. Army concluded that American soldiers shot and killed unarmed South Korean civilians in July 1950 during the Korean War. A thought for the day: William James said, ìThere is no worse lie than a truth misunderstood by those who hear it.î Your history lesson for the day: Today is Thursday, Jan. 10, the 10th day of 2002 with 355 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its new phase. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include silent screen actor Francis X. Bushman in 1883; poet Robinson Jeffers in 1887; actors Ray Bolger in 1904, Paul Henreid in 1908 and Sal Mineo in 1939; singers Johnnie Ray in 1927, Frank Sinatra Jr. in 1940 (age 62), Jim Croce in 1942 and Rod Stewart in 1945 (age 57); boxer George Foreman in 1949 (age 53); and singer Pat Benatar in 1953 (age 49). On this date in history: In 1776, "Common Sense" by political philosopher Thomas Paine was published. The pamphlet advocated independence from England. In 1878, a constitutional amendment that would give women the right to vote was introduced into the U.S. Senate. It wasnít until 42 years later that the amendment was signed into law. In 1901, oil was discovered at the Spindletop claim near Beaumont, Texas, launching the Southwest oil boom. In 1920, the League of Nations came into being as the Treaty of Versailles went into effect. The United States did not join the League. In 1946, the first meeting of the United Nations General Assembly was held in London. In 1984, the United States established full diplomatic relations with the Vatican for the first time in 116 years. On 1994, NATO approved a plan for a limited expansion of the membership to Eastern European nations. In 1995, the Senate unanimously approved President Clinton's nomination of Robert Rubin as Secretary of the Treasury. In 1996, rebels in the Russian republic of Chechnya holding 2,000 rebels released all but 130 and were allowed to flee. However, before they reached the border, Russian troops attacked the convoy, causing the rebels to hole up in a nearby town and beginning a five-day standoff. Also in 1996, Israel freed 812 Palestinians from jails. In 2000, America Online announced it had agreed to buy Time Warner for $165 billion, in what would be the biggest merger in history. A thought for the day: Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote, "Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Dec. 7. Today is a ìdate that will live in infamy.î On the morning of Dec. 7, 1941, nearly 200 Japanese aircraft attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The raid, which lasted a little more than an hour, killed nearly 3,000 people and nearly destroyed the entire U.S. Pacific Fleet. The attack came one day after President Franklin Roosevelt send a message of peace to Japanís Emperor Hirohito, and catapulted the United States into World War II. The U.S. Congress declared war on Japan one day later. An earthquake measuring 6.9 on the Richter scale struck the Soviet Republic of Armenia on this date in 1988. As many as 60,000 people were killed ñ- many when their poorly constructed homes collapsed on them. Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev cut short his U.S. visit to fly home to head the worldwide relief efforts. The destruction of a 16th century mosque in India by militant Hindus on this date in 1992 sparked five days of violence across the Indian subcontinent that left more than 1,100 people dead. It was on this date in 1993 that a gunman opened fire on a crowded Long Island, N.Y., commuter train -- killing several persons. One of those killed was the husband of Carolyn McCarthy, who later campaigned on a platform of gun control to win a seat in the U.S House of Representatives. Delaware became the first state to ratify the United States Constitution, doing so on this date in 1787. The vote was unanimous. And where would we be without Leo Baekeland, who on this date in 1909, patented the process for making Bakelite -- giving birth to the modern plastics industry. Your history lesson for the day: Today is Tuesday, Jan. 8, the eighth day of 2002 with 357 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its new phase. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include financier Nicholas Biddle in 1786; educator and hymn writer Lowell Mason ("Nearer My God To Thee") in 1792; James Longstreet, Confederate general in the Civil War, in 1821; publisher Frank Doubleday in 1862; reading teacher Evelyn Wood in 1909; actor Jose Ferrer in 1912; comic actor Larry Storch in 1925 (age 77); comedian Soupy Sales in 1926 (age 76); newsman Charles Osgood in 1933 (age 69); the ìKing of Rock 'n' Roll,î Elvis Presley, in 1935; singer Shirley Bassey in 1937 (age 65); game-show host Bob Eubanks in 1938 (age 64); actress Yvette Mimieux in 1941 (age 61); physicist and author Stephen Hawking in 1942 (age 60); singer David Bowie in 1947 (age 55); and actress Ami Dolenz, daughter of former Monkee Mickey Dolenz, in 1970 (age 32). On this date in history: In 1815, the forces of American Gen. Andrew Jackson decisively defeated the British in the Battle of New Orleans, the closing engagement of the War of 1812. In 1867, Congress approved legislation that, for the first time, allowed blacks to vote in the District of Columbia. In 1973, the trial of the "Watergate Seven" began in Washington, D.C. The defendants were charged with breaking into Democratic Party national headquarters. In 1976, Chinese Premier Chou En-lai died in Beijing. In 1987, Kay Orr was inaugurated in Lincoln, Neb., as the nation's first woman Republican governor. Also in 1987, the Dow Jones industrial average closed above 2000 for the first time. In 1991, one person was killed and 248 injured when a London commuter train crashed into the buffers at a station. Also in 1991, Pan American World Airways filed for bankruptcy. In 1993, thousands gathered at Elvis Presley's Graceland mansion in Memphis, Tenn., to purchase the first issue of a stamp honoring the King of Rock 'n' Roll on what would have been his 58th birthday. In 1994, Tonya Harding won the U.S. Figure Skating Championship in Detroit, qualifying her for the Winter Olympics. The U.S. Figure Skating Association also named Nancy Kerrigan to the team, despite her injury in an attack two days earlier. In 1997, a report by University of Texas scientists concluded that exposure to a combination of chemicals was somehow linked to Gulf War Syndrome, responsible for the various ailments reported by veterans of the 1991 conflict. In 2001, former Gov. Edwin Edwards of Louisiana was sentenced to 10 years in prison after being convicted of extorting money from applicants seeking riverboat casino licenses. A thought for the day: William Feather said, ìSuccess seems to be largely a matter of hanging on after others have let go." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Monday, Jan. 7, the seventh day of 2002, with 358 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its new phase. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include Frenchman Jacques Montgolfier, who, with his brother, invented the hot air balloon, in 1745; Millard Fillmore, 13th president of the United States, in 1800; Bernadette Soubirous, who became St. Bernadette and whose visions led to the foundation of the shrine at Lourdes, France, in 1844; film executive Adolph Zukor in 1873; cartoonist Charles Addams in 1912; actor Vincent Gardenia in 1922; author William Blatty (ìThe Exorcistî) in 1928 (age 74); singers Paul Revere in 1938 (age 64) and Kenny Loggins in 1948 (age 54); Rolling Stone magazine publisher Jann Wenner in 1947 (age 55); actress Erin Grey in 1952 (age 50); "Today" co-host Katie Couric in 1957 (age 45); and actor Nicholas Cage in 1964 (age 38). On this date in history: In 1610, Galileo, using his primitive telescope, discovered the four major moons of Jupiter: Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. In 1789, the first nationwide U.S. presidential election was held. The electors chosen by the voters unanimously picked George Washington as president and John Adams as vice president. In 1927, commercial trans-Atlantic telephone service between New York and London was inaugurated. In 1931, as the Great Depression was getting under way, a report to President Hoover estimated that four-million to five-million Americans were out of work. In 1979, the Cambodian government of Pol Pot was overthrown. In 1989, Japanís Emperor Hirohito died. In 1990, Jeffrey Lundgren, a self-proclaimed prophet and leader of a breakaway religious sect wanted for the slayings of five Ohio followers, was arrested in California at a motel near the Mexican border. In 1991, Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney announced he was canceling the Navy's A-12 Stealth attack plane project. And in 1991, loyalist troops attacked Haiti's presidential palace, rescuing President Ertha Pascal-Trouillot and capturing the coup plotters. In 1993, the EPA released a long-awaited report that classified environmental tobacco smoke as a carcinogen. In 1996, an immense storm system dumped up to three feet of snow onto the Mid-Atlantic and New England states. In 1997, Rep. Newt Gingrich, R-Ga., was re-elected Speaker of the House and then reprimanded for violating House rules and misled the House Ethics Committee in its probe of possible political use of tax-exempt donations. In 1998, at a time when her association with President Clinton was not yet public, former White House intern Monica Lewinsky reportedly denied in an affidavit filed in the Paula Jones case that she had had an affair with him. Also in 1998, a federal jury in Denver was unable to agree on a penalty for Terry Nichols, convicted in December 1997 in connection with the April 1995 bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City. That meant he would not face the death penalty. In 1999, President Clinton's impeachment trial opened in the Senate. He would be acquitted. A thought for the day: an anonymous author wrote, "Remember, people will judge you by your actions, not your intentions. You may have a heart of gold -- but so does a hard-boiled egg." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Friday, Jan. 4, the fourth day of 2002, with 361 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its last quarter. The morning star is Jupiter. The evening stars are Mars and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include folklore and fairy tale collector Jakob Grimm in 1785; teacher of the blind Louis Braille in 1809; shorthand writing system inventor Isaac Pitman in 1813; Charles Stratton, the midget known as Gen. Tom Thumb, in 1838; Sen. Everett Dirksen, R-Ill., in 1896; actress Jane Wyman in 1914 (age 88); Pro Football Hall of Fame coach and player Don Shula in 1930 (age 72); boxer Floyd Patterson in 1935 (age 67); actress Dyan Cannon in 1937 (age 65); author and former first daughter Maureen Reagan in 1941; R.E.M. lead singer Michael Stipe in 1960 (age 42); and actors Dave Foley in 1963 (age 39) and Julia Ormond in 1965 (age 37). On this date in history: In 1885, Dr. William Grant of Davenport, Iowa, performed the first appendectomy. His patient recovered. In 1893, President Benjamin Harrison granted amnesty to all persons who since Nov. 1, 1890, had abstained from practicing polygamy. It was part of a deal for Utah to achieve statehood. In 1936, Billboard magazine published the first pop music chart. In 1951, Chinese and North Korean forces captured the South Korean capital of Seoul. In 1974, President Nixon refused to release any more of the 500 documents subpoenaed by the Senate Watergate Committee. In 1985, Israel confirmed that 10,000 Ethiopian Jews had been flown to Israel. Ethiopia termed the operation "a gross interference" in its affairs. In 1990, deposed Panamanian Gen. Manuel Antonio Noriega appeared in federal court in Miami. Also in 1990, Charles Stuart, who said he and his pregnant wife had been shot after leaving a Boston birthing class in October 1989, committed suicide as police closed in to arrest him for the deaths of his wife and child. In 1993, 25 people, including 18 Americans, were killed when their tour bus traveling on a rain-slick highway near Cancun, Mexico, crashed into a utility pole and burned. In 1994, Mexican government troops are sent into the southeastern state of Chiapas to quell a rebellion by the previously unknown Zapatista National Liberation Army (ZNLA). Also in 1994, several Eastern European nations asked to join NATO. In 1995, the 104th Congress convened with Republicans in control in both houses for the first time since 1953. Sen. Bob Dole, R-Kan, became Senate Majority Leader and Rep. Newt Gingrich, R-Ga, was elected Speaker of the House. Also in 1995, CBS quoted the mother of House Speaker Newt Gingrich, R-Ga., calling first lady Hillary Rodham Clinton a "bitch." In 2000, President Clinton nominated Alan Greenspan to a fourth four-year term as chairman of the Federal Reserve. A thought for the day: it was Frederick Douglass who wrote, "Without a struggle, there can be no progress." Propecia hair restorer Kwikmed fight baldness Your history lesson for the day: Today is Thursday, Jan. 3, the third day of 2002, with 362 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its last quarter. The morning star is Jupiter. The evening stars are Mars and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include feminist and abolitionist Lucretia Mott in 1793; British Prime Minister Clement Attlee in 1883; J.R.R. Tolkien, author of the "Lord of the Rings" trilogy, in 1892; actor Ray Milland in 1908; entertainer Victor Borge in 1909; Maxine Andrews of the Andrews Sisters trio in 1918; actors Robert Loggia in 1930 (age 72) and Dabney Coleman in 1932 (age 70); Hockey Hall of Famer Bobby Hull in 1939 (age 63); actress Victoria Principal in 1950 (age 52); actor/director Mel Gibson in 1956 (age 46); and actress Danice McKellar ("The Wonder Years") in 1975 (age 27). On this date in history: In 1777, the Continental Army commanded by Gen. George Washington defeated the British at Princeton, N.J. In 1938, the first March of Dimes campaign to fight polio was organized. In 1939, Gene Cox, 13, became the first female congressional page. In 1959, Alaska became the 49th state of the Union. In 1961, the United States severed diplomatic relations with Cuba after Fidel Castro announced he was a communist. In 1967, Jack Ruby, who shot and killed presidential assassin Lee Harvey Oswald, died of cancer in Dallas. In 1969, police at Newark, N.J., confiscated a shipment of the John Lennon-Yoko Ono albums ìTwo Virginsî because the cover photo, featuring full frontal nudity, violated pornography statues. In 1990, deposed Panamanian dictator Gen. Manuel Antonio Noriega left his refuge in the Vatican Embassy in Panama City and surrendered to U.S. troops. He was whisked to Florida to face narcotics trafficking charges. In 1991, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was removed from the list of diseases that would automatically bar an infected person from entering the United States. In 1993, President Bush and Russian President Boris Yeltsin signed the START II treaty reducing strategic nuclear arsenals by two-thirds. In 2000, peace talks between Israeli and Syrian leaders opened in Shepherdstown, W.Va. In 2001, the Federal Reserve cut interest rates by half a percent to stem an economic slowdown. A thought for the day: Henry David Thoreau said, "Be true to your work, your word, and your friend." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Wednesday, Jan. 2, the second day of 2002, with 363 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its last quarter. The morning star is Jupiter. The evening stars are Mars and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include Virginia patriot Nathaniel Bacon in 1647; British Gen. James Wolfe, hero of the battle of Quebec in 1727; fan dancer Sally Rand in 1904; author Isaac Asimov in 1920; singer Julius La Rosa in 1930 (age 72) and singer/songwriter Roger Miller in 1936; former televangelist Jim Bakker in 1939 (age 63); actors Tia Carrere in 1967 (age 35) and Cuba Gooding Jr. in 1968 (age 34); and model Christy Turlington in 1969 (age 33). On this date in history: In 1788, Georgia ratified the Constitution, the fourth of the original 13 colonies to do so, and was admitted to the union. In 1942, Japanese forces occupied Manila, forcing U.S. and Philippine forces under Gen. Douglas MacArthur to withdraw to the Bataan peninsula. In 1959, the Soviet Union launched Lunik-1, the first unmanned spacecraft to travel to the moon. In 1974, President Nixon signed a bill requiring states to limit highway speeds to 55 mph or lose federal highway funds. In 1990, elite Soviet interior ministry troops seized buildings in the Baltic republics of Latvia and Lithuania. Also in 1990, Britain's most wanted terrorist suspect, Patrick Sheehy, was found dead in the Republic of Ireland. In 2001, President Bush nominated a Democrat to his Cabinet, picking Norman Mineta, President Clinton's commerce secretary, to head the Department of Transportation. A thought for the day: an anonymous saying is, "He who dies with the most toys is, nonetheless, still dead." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Friday, Jan. 11, the 11th day of 2002 with 354 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its new phase. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include American statesman Alexander Hamilton, first Secretary of the Treasury, in 1757; Ezra Cornell, founder of Western Union Telegraph company and Cornell University, in 1807; Sir John MacDonald, first prime minister of Canada, in 1815; psychologist and philosopher William James in 1842; feminist lawyer Alice Paul in 1885; South African novelist Alan Paton ("Cry the Beloved Country") in 1903; actor Rod Taylor in 1930 (age 72); Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien in 1934 (age 68); and singers Naomi Judd in 1946 (age 56) and Mary J. Blige in 1971 (age 31). On this date in history: In 1785, the Continental Congress convened in New York City. In 1861, Alabama seceded from the Union. In 1935, American aviator Amelia Earhart Putnam became the first woman to fly across the Pacific from Hawaii to California. In 1964, U.S. Surgeon General Luther Terry released a report saying smoking cigarettes is a definite "health hazard." In 1984, the U.S. Supreme Court reinstated a $10 million award to the family of Oklahoma nuclear worker Karen Silkwood, who died in 1974. In 1990, martial law, imposed during the June 1989 Tiananmen Square pro-democracy movement, was lifted in Beijing. Also in 1990, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev visited Lithuania in effort to cool secessionist fervor. In 1991, Congress authorized the use of military force to oust Iraq from Kuwait. In 1993, doctors in Pittsburgh performed the second ever baboon-to-human liver transplant; the 62-year-old recipient did not survive long. In 1994, President Clinton kicked off a visit to Eastern Europe with a stop in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. In 1995, the U.S. State Department accused Russia of breaking an international agreement by making major troop movements into the rebel republic of Chechnya without providing notification. Also in 1995, hockey team owners and players reached an agreement, salvaging the 1994-95 NHL season. In 1996, the Japanese Diet elected Ryutaro Hashimoto, head of the Liberal Democratic Party, as the new premier. In 2000, the British government declared Chileís Gen. Augusto Pinochet medically unfit to stand trial in Spain. The ruling cleared the way for the former dictator to avoid charges of crimes against humanity. In 2001, the Federal Communications Commission approved the merger of American Online and Time Warner Inc., creating the worldís largest media conglomerate. Also in 2001, a yearlong investigation by the U.S. Army concluded that American soldiers shot and killed unarmed South Korean civilians in July 1950 during the Korean War. A thought for the day: William James said, ìThere is no worse lie than a truth misunderstood by those who hear it.î Your history lesson for the day: Today is Thursday, Jan. 10, the 10th day of 2002 with 355 to follow. The moon is waning, moving toward its new phase. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include silent screen actor Francis X. Bushman in 1883; poet Robinson Jeffers in 1887; actors Ray Bolger in 1904, Paul Henreid in 1908 and Sal Mineo in 1939; singers Johnnie Ray in 1927, Frank Sinatra Jr. in 1940 (age 62), Jim Croce in 1942 and Rod Stewart in 1945 (age 57); boxer George Foreman in 1949 (age 53); and singer Pat Benatar in 1953 (age 49). On this date in history: In 1776, "Common Sense" by political philosopher Thomas Paine was published. The pamphlet advocated independence from England. In 1878, a constitutional amendment that would give women the right to vote was introduced into the U.S. Senate. It wasnít until 42 years later that the amendment was signed into law. In 1901, oil was discovered at the Spindletop claim near Beaumont, Texas, launching the Southwest oil boom. In 1920, the League of Nations came into being as the Treaty of Versailles went into effect. The United States did not join the League. In 1946, the first meeting of the United Nations General Assembly was held in London. In 1984, the United States established full diplomatic relations with the Vatican for the first time in 116 years. On 1994, NATO approved a plan for a limited expansion of the membership to Eastern European nations. In 1995, the Senate unanimously approved President Clinton's nomination of Robert Rubin as Secretary of the Treasury. In 1996, rebels in the Russian republic of Chechnya holding 2,000 rebels released all but 130 and were allowed to flee. However, before they reached the border, Russian troops attacked the convoy, causing the rebels to hole up in a nearby town and beginning a five-day standoff. Also in 1996, Israel freed 812 Palestinians from jails. In 2000, America Online announced it had agreed to buy Time Warner for $165 billion, in what would be the biggest merger in history. A thought for the day: Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote, "Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail." Your history lesson for the day: Today is Dec. 7. Today is a ìdate that will live in infamy.î On the morning of Dec. 7, 1941, nearly 200 Japanese aircraft attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The raid, which lasted a little more than an hour, killed nearly 3,000 people and nearly destroyed the entire U.S. Pacific Fleet. The attack came one day after President Franklin Roosevelt send a message of peace to Japanís Emperor Hirohito, and catapulted the United States into World War II. The U.S. Congress declared war on Japan one day later. An earthquake measuring 6.9 on the Richter scale struck the Soviet Republic of Armenia on this date in 1988. As many as 60,000 people were killed ñ- many when their poorly constructed homes collapsed on them. Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev cut short his U.S. visit to fly home to head the worldwide relief efforts. The destruction of a 16th century mosque in India by militant Hindus on this date in 1992 sparked five days of violence across the Indian subcontinent that left more than 1,100 people dead. It was on this date in 1993 that a gunman opened fire on a crowded Long Island, N.Y., commuter train -- killing several persons. One of those killed was the husband of Carolyn McCarthy, who later campaigned on a platform of gun control to win a seat in the U.S House of Representatives. Delaware became the first state to ratify the United States Constitution, doing so on this date in 1787. The vote was unanimous. And where would we be without Leo Baekeland, who on this date in 1909, patented the process for making Bakelite -- giving birth to the modern plastics industry. We now return you to the present, already in progress. Your history lesson for the day: Today is Dec. 26. On Christmas night 1776, American forces under Gen. George Washington crossed the Delaware River under cover of darkness, and the next day, they attacked and defeated Hessian mercenary troops fighting for the British in Trenton, N.J. More than 1,000 Hessians were taken prisoner. The Battle of Trenton marked a turning point in the Revolutionary War. The famous painting, ìGeorge Washington Crossing the Delaware,î was inspired by the battle. It was on this date in 1972 that Harry Truman, 33rd president of the United States, died at age 88. Truman had become president in April 1945 upon the death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He was re-elected in 1948 but was defeated in 1952 by World War II hero-turned-politician Dwight D. Eisenhower. A young woman who had been the focus of a right-to-die case that went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court died on this date in 1990 in a Missouri hospital. Nancy Cruzan had suffered irreversible brain damage, and her family fought to have her removed from life-support systems and let her die in peace. And it was on this date in 1996 that child beauty queen JonBenet Ramsey, age 6, was found slain in a basement room of her family's posh Boulder, Colo., home. Her parents had awoken that morning to find the child missing and a ransom note on the stairs. JonBenetís killing remains unsolved. We now return you to the present, already in progress. Your history lesson for the day: Today is Dec. 20. ìOperation Just Causeî began on this date in 1989 when the United States invaded Panama to oust Manuel Noriega and install the duly elected civilian government. 23 U.S. troops were killed in the military action. Noriega initially eluded capture, however, and sought refuge in the Vatican Embassy in Panama City. He surrendered to U.S. troops on Jan. 4, 1990, after the American soldiers surrounding the embassy blasted it day and night with rock music. Noriega was brought to the United States, where he was tried and convicted on drug trafficking charges. Heís currently serving time in federal prison in Florida. It was one of historyís greatest real estate deals. On this date in 1803, the United States formally took over the more than 1 million square miles of territory acquired from France as part of the Louisiana Purchase. This almost doubled the size of the United States and extended the U.S. western border to the Rocky Mountains. Sacagawea, the young Shoshone Indian woman who guided the Lewis and Clark Expedition on its exploration of the Louisiana Purchase, died on this date in 1812. Itís been said the expedition could not have succeeded without Sacagaweaís help. Few facts about her life are known, and some legends have her living to near 100 years of age. The Montgomery, Ala., public bus boycott officially ended on this date in 1956 about a month after the U.S. Supreme Court ordered the integration of the cityís transit system. The boycott had been called in reaction to the Dec. 1, 1955, arrest of Rosa Parks for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white man. Union Gen. William T. Sherman completed his "march to the sea" across the South and arrived in Savannah, Ga., on this date in 1864. Sherman had torched Atlanta and lay waste to much of Georgia during his march. But he spared Savannah, and two days after arriving, he would send President Lincoln this message: "I beg to present you as a Christmas present the city of Savannah." Nearly 1,600 people died in the Philippines on this date in 1987 when a passenger ferry was struck by an oil tanker and sank. It was the 20th century's worst peacetime maritime disaster. Yesterday, we mentioned the agreement to return Hong Kong to China. It was on this date in 1999 that Macau, on the southeast coast of China, reverted back to Chinese rule. Macau had been a Portuguese colony since 1557. University of Chicago physics professor Albert Michelson became the first U.S. scientist to receive the Nobel Prize on this date in 1907. It was on this date in 1998 that a Houston woman gave birth to seven more babies after delivering the first infant 12 days earlier. They were the only known set of octuplets to be born alive in the United States. The smallest baby died a week later. Longtime Chicago Mayor Richard J. Daley died on this date in 1976 at age 74. Daley had been in office so long that a store in Bridgeport, the Southside Chicago neighborhood he called home, had a sign in its window that read, ìRe-Elect Daleyî -ñ IN NEON. And it was on this date in 1995 that Buckingham Palace confirmed that Queen Elizabeth II had sent letters to her son, Prince Charles, and his estranged wife, Princess Diana, urging them to seek a divorce as quickly as possible. The couple had separated in 1992, and their divorce would be granted in August 1996. Your history lesson for the day: Today is Dec. 19. President Clinton became only the second U.S. president to be impeached on this date in 1998, when the House of Representatives approved two articles of impeachment -- charging him with perjury and obstruction of justice. The allegations stemmed from the actions he took to conceal his relationship with former White House intern Monica Lewinsky. Clinton was then tried by the Senate in January 1999, and on Feb. 11, 1999, he was acquitted on both charges. Also on this date in 1998, House Speaker-designate Bob Livingston, R-La, announced he would not be a candidate for the leadership post and, in fact, would be leaving Congress. Two days earlier, Livingston had admitted he'd had extra-marital affairs "on occasion." The prime ministers of Britain and China signed an accord on this date in 1984, returning Hong Kong -ñ at the time a British territory -- to Chinese rule on July 1, 1997, upon expiration of the 99-year lease. The first radio voice broadcast from space took place on this date in 1958. The U.S. satellite Atlas transmitted a 58-word recorded Christmas greeting from President Eisenhower, ìto all mankind Americaís wish for peace and goodwill toward men everywhere.î The satellite had been launched from Cape Canaveral, Fla., on Dec. 18. In another space milestone: on this date in 1972, the splashdown of Apollo XVII ended America's manned moon exploration program. And it was on this date in 1997 that the motion picture "Titanic" opened in U.S. theaters to generally favorable reviews. The movie, which made a star out of Leonardo DiCaprio, would go on to win a record-tying 11 Oscars in March 1998. Today is Dec. 18. The United States resumed heavy bombing and mining operations against North Vietnam on this date in 1972 after the communists refused to agree to end the war. The renewed offensive apparently worked: on Jan. 27, 1973, the U.S., North Vietnamese governments and the Viet Cong signed a peace accord in Paris ending American involvement in the conflict. A rash of racially motivated bombing incidents in the South claimed a victim on this date in 1989, when a pipe bomb killed Savannah, Ga., City Councilman Robert Robinson. The blast occurred just hours after a pipe bomb had been discovered at the Atlanta federal courthouse. South Koreans went to the polls to elect longtime leftist opposition leader Kim Dae Jong president on this date in 1997. It marked the first time in the nation's history that a member of the opposition had defeated a candidate of the New Korea Party and its predecessors. Dae Jong won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2000 for his work in promoting reconciliation with North Korea. Wedding bells at the White House. On this date in 1915, President Woodrow Wilson, a widower for one year, married the widow Edith Bolling Galt. Later in his presidency, after Wilson was incapacitated by a stroke, his wife and his doctor in effect ran the country ñ- a fact that didnít become general knowledge for many years. Also on this date in 1969, singer Tiny Tim, 44, wed 17-year-old Miss Vicky Budinger on NBC's "The Tonight Show starring Johnny Carson." The ukelele-strumming Tim had had a hit a few years earlier with ìTip-Toe Through the Tulips.î The marriage, by the way, did not last. Your history lesson for the day: Today is Dec. 14. It was on this date in 1998 that a federal judge in Los Angeles sentenced Democratic Party donor Johnny Chung to five years' probation on charges that included $20,000 in illegal gifts to the Clinton-Gore campaign. The Democratic Party had returned nearly $400,000 in gifts from Chung that were of dubious legality. From the seventh century onward, the South Pole had been the object of many expeditions. But on this date in 1911, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen became the first person to reach the South Pole. He was accompanied by four companions and 52 sled dogs. All returned to camp safely. Next to visit the South Pole was a party led by Capt. Robert Scott ñ- all of whom died during the return trip. Their frozen bodies were found 11 months later. Chileís military dictatorship ended on this date in 1989, when opposition candidate Patricio Aylwin easily won the South American country's first democratic presidential election since the 1973 coup that brought military leader Augusto Pinochet to power. Pinochet had been defeated in a national plebiscite on eight more years of his rule, crippling his regime and prompting the election. George Washington, ìfather of our countryî and the first president of the United States, died at his Mount Vernon home in Virginia on this date in 1799. He was 67. Andrei Sakharov -- father of the Soviet H-bomb, dissident and Nobel Peace Prize winner for defending human rights -- died at age 68 on this date in 1989. With an eye to the planned visit to Cuba by Pope John Paul II in early 1998, President Fidel Castro announced on this date in 1997 that Christmas would be an official holiday in the Caribbean island nation for the first time since 1968. Communists are supposed to be atheists, although many, many Cubans are still Catholics -ñ and Castro apparently wanted to look good for the Vatican. Today is Dec. 13. Abel Tasman of the Dutch East India Co. became the first European to see New Zealand on this date in 1642. However, Maori warriors prevented him from landing. In 1769, Capt. James Cook would land in New Zealand and formally take possession for Great Britain. It was on this date in 1998 that, in a non-binding plebiscite on Puerto Ricoís future, the "none of the above" option was supported by 50 percent of voters -- indicating that most wished the Caribbean island to retain its current status as a U.S. commonwealth. The first savings bank in the United States, the Provident Institution for Savings, opened in Boston on this date in 1816. Officials with the Sentry Armored Car Co. in New York City got a shock on this date in 1982 when they discovered the overnight theft of $11 million from their headquarters. It was the biggest cash heist in U.S. history. Ricky Ray, one of three hemophiliac brothers barred from attending a Florida school because they were HIV-positive, died on this date in 1992. He was 15. The plight of the Ray brothers touched the hearts of Americans ñ- especially at one point when a fire was set at the familyís home. The boys had become infected during a time when blood products were not yet being tested for the AIDS virus. Today is Dec. 12. Polandís Communist leaders decided enough was enough on this date in 1981 and declared martial law. Among other things, Solidarity Labor Union leader Lech Walesa was thrown in prison, where he would remain for 11 months. The Eastern European nation had given unprecedented freedom to Walesa and Solidarity -- founded in August 1980, in the Baltic port city of Gdansk -ñ but that ended on Dec. 12, 1981. The Korean War formally ended on this date in 1991 -ñ 38 years after the fighting ceased ñ- when North and South Korea signed a treaty of reconciliation and non-aggression. The historic pact included a pledge to eventually reunify. Joseph Hayne Rainey of South Carolina was sworn in as the first black to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives on this date in 1870. Rainey had been appointed to fill a vacancy left by the death of a congressman. He served until March 1879. It was on this date in 1985 that an Arrow Air DC-8 military charter crashed on takeoff from Gander, Newfoundland, killing all 256 aboard, including 248 U.S. soldiers. Five years later, in 1990, 15 people were killed and more than 260 injured in a pileup on a foggy Tennessee highway. Princess Anne, the only daughter of Britainís Queen Elizabeth II, became the first divorced royal in the inner circle to remarry on this date in 1992 when she wed Cmdr. Timothy Laurence. And it was on this date in 1901 that a radio message was transmitted across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time. We now return you to the present, already in progress. Your history lesson for the day: Today is Dec. 11. It was on this date in 1998 that the International Olympic Committee launched an internal investigation into rumors that bribes had been offered by cities seeking to be chosen as sites for the Olympic games. A number of IOC officials ended up resigning after it became clear that theyíd been the recipients of loans and gifts from municipal officials hoping to influence their cityís choice as an Olympic host. Germany and Italy declared war on the United States on this date in 1941 -- four days after Japan had attacked Pearl Harbor and three days after the United States declared war on Japan. Up to 40,000 Russian troops invaded Chechnya, a semi-autonomous republic on Russia's border with Georgia, on this date in 1994 to put down a secessionist rebellion. The fighting continues to this day in Chechnya, despite several peace attempts. A jury in Palm Beach, Fla., acquitted Kennedy cousin William Kennedy Smith of rape charges on this date in 1991. Smith, a medical student, had been accused of attacking a woman at the seaside Kennedy mansion in West Palm Beach. The 10-day trial was televised by Court TV and put the cable network on the map. By the way, the Kennedy family later sold the Florida property. The final manned lunar mission began on this date in 1972, when Apollo XVII astronauts Gene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt landed on the moon for a three-day exploration. And it was on this date in 1953, at 6 p.m., that KTVA, Channel 11, in anchorage, Alaska, signed on the air, becoming Alaskaís first TV station. We donít know what Alaskans did for fun before then... We now return you to the present, already in progress. Airline Alerts, USA Alaska: Crossbar locking devices being installed on all cockpit doors. American: Has resumed curbside check-in at most of its 80 equipped airports. America West: No long lines at its hub airports. Continental: Self-service kiosks available at 80+ airports. Northwest: Internet check-in resumed at three primary hubs. Shuttle America: Will become a US Airways Express carrier. Southwest: Wall Street says its worth more than all the other majors combined. Sun Country: Forges a new agreement with its pilots. United: Switches service to commuter subsidiary in six more cities. United Shuttle: Will cease operations at the end of the month. Airline Alerts, Foreign Aer Lingus: Has been hit hard since half its flights go to the USA. Aerolineas Argentinas: A new owner for the floundering airline. AeroMexico: Reducing flights by up to 20%. Air Canada: Grounding 84 aircraft. Air New Zealand: Will be "renationalized" by the government. Alitalia: Adding a "crisis surcharge" to all tickets. Austrian Airlines: Cutting 10% of its workforce. British Air: Taking 20 planes out of service. Easy Jet: Bookings are back to normal; no plans to cut staff. Korean Air: Grounded 10 old planes sooner than planned. Olympic: Debt-ridden carrier facing strike action. Qantas: Will trim its executive ranks by 10%. Ryanair: Valued more than all European airlines but one. Sabena: Troubled Belgian airline has ongoing labor problems. Singapore Airlines: Talking to unions about pay cuts. Swissair: Europe’s most troubled airline will be taken over. Varig: Returning 13 planes to their leasing companies. Virgin Atlantic: Grounding five of its jumbo jets. Plus a summary of earlier alerts on nine other foreign carriers. Airport Alerts, USA Baltimore Washington Intl: US Airways is dropping over 60% of its jet flights here. Cleveland Hopkins: Planned expansion has to be put on hold. Oakland Intl: Reopened a part of its short-term hourly parking lot. Ontario Intl: Major intersection temporarily closed during construction. Washington Dulles: Has been plagued with long lines. Airport Alerts, Foreign London Heathrow: Desperately fighting a ban on night flights. Plus a summary of earlier alerts on two other foreign airports. City Alerts Brussels, Belgium: Railway workers plan a series of strikes. Country Alerts Worldwide Caution: Strong anti-American sentiment expected. Italy: American elements may be targeted for attack. Philippines: Incidents highlight the danger here. Sudan: Security situation throughout the country is unstable. Aircraft Alerts MD-80s: Airlines warned about mechanism which caused Alaska Airlines crash. Fare Alerts United: Pioneers two new Back to Business fare options. Canceled and New Jet Routes Four routes are canceled; 13 new ones are added. Airline News, USA and Foreign Two carriers sign marketing agreement; reinforced flight deck doors; additional shuttle flight added; Canadian carrier receives setback; Qantas may accelerate the launch of its low-fare carrier. Hotel News Briefings Four national chains offering discount programs. Mishaps & Incidents Eight incidents including a collision between an MD-87 and a private jet. Recommended Reading Six articles from national publications on issues of importance to business travelers. Observations & Forecasts by Our Editor Dave Oppermann gives his winners and losers; also some insider tips about flying under current conditions, and some personal observations about the system. DOT Rankings for August The five best and worst airports; and the airlines are rated on various services. The Critics Very strong editorial comments on can the airlines survive, and the government bailout.
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