| |
Journal of Applied Animal Research |
Vol.22 No. 2
December 2002 |
(Abstracted/indexed in
AGRIS Database, Biosis Database, CAB Abstracts,Chemical Abstracts, CURRENT
CONTENTS (AB and ES), Food Science and Technology Abstracts, Indian Science
Abstracts, RESEARCH ALERT, SCISEARCH) |
TOPIC |
AUTHOR |
Intracerebroventricularly administered excitatory amino acids : effects on
feeding behavior in chicks |
T. Bungo, S. Yoshinaga and H.
Ueda (Japan) |
Alpha-helical CRF9-41,
blocks stress- and CRF-induced behavior changes in chicks |
R. Zhang, A. Ohgushi, T.
Takagi, T. Nakanishi, E.-S. Saito,
T. Yoshimatsu (Japan), D.M. Denbow (USA) and M. Furuse (Japan) |
Repair of
third metacarpal bone fracture in a foal using DCP and Thomas Splint-A case
report |
K. Sardari and K. Sharifi
(Iran) |
Feeding and
drinking responses and hypothalamic monoamine concentrations of neonatal
chicks following intracerebroventricular injection of 6-OHDA |
T. Bungo, T. Tachibana, K.
Sashihara, S.-I. Kawakami, A. Ohgushi,
M. Furuse and H. Ueda (Japan) |
Restoration
of the crested ibis, Nipponia nippon |
Y.M. Xi (Japan), B.Z. Lu (P.R.
China), Y.M. Zhang
and N. Fujihara
(Japan) |
Effects of
dietary level of protein, lysine and methionine and strain of bird on
production and egg yolk cholesterol |
T.M. Shafey (Saudi Arabia),
J.G. Dingle and M.W. McDonald (Australia) |
Effects of
different levels of sunflower oil in diets on lipoproteins, cholesterol and
triglyceride in geese |
N. Utlu, N. Kaya and O. Yucel
(Turkey) |
Effect of
mowing height on nutritive value of maize silage |
H. Kruczy½ska,
K. Darul and W. Nowak (Poland) |
Effect of
treatment with enalapril, frusemide and a low-sodium diet on dogs with
mitral regurgitation |
E. Ynaraja, A. Caro and J.A.
Montoya (Spain) |
A comparison
of non-linear models for describing weight-age relationships in N’Dama
cattle |
O.O. Mgbere and O. Olutogun
(Nigeria) |
Antigenic
characteristics of fowl adenovirus-4 (FAV-4) isolates from inclusion body
hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome of chickens |
G. Kaur, N.K. Maiti and M.S.
Oberoi (India) |
Some
metabolic effects of three different rations following laparotomy in sheep |
M. Mohebbi, A.H. Meimandi and
M. Eskandarpour (Iran) |
Genetic
parameter estimation of partial egg production traits in layers |
Y. Ünver,
¤
O?uz
and Y. AkbaÕ
(Turkey) |
Foetal
alcohol syndrome : growth rate of bones in rats |
I.C. Nwaogu (Nigeria) |
Anatomy and
histology of the atrio-ventricular node of goats
(Capra hircus) |
A. Nabipur (Iran) |
Growth,
non-carcass components and retail cut percentages of Morkaraman lambs
slaughtered at different weights |
M. Macit (Turkey) |
Effect of
rearing systems on kid performance, lactation traits and profitability of
Shami (Damascus) goats |
M. Keskin (Turkey) |
Effects of
duration of feed restriction on compensatory growth of Leghorn cockerels |
J.E. Rossi and S.C. Loerch
(USA) |
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Intracerebroventricularly Administered Excitatory Amino Acids :
Effects on Feeding Behavior in Chicks
T. Bungo1,
S. Yoshinaga, H. Ueda
Laboratory of Animal Science
Department of Agrobiological Science
Faculty of Agriculture
Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
(Received December 13, 2001; accepted
August 17, 2002)
Abstract
Bungo, T., Yoshinaga, S. and Ueda, H. 2002.
Intracerebroventricularly administered excitatory amino acids : effects on
feeding behavior in chicks. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 161-168.
The effects of
intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of monosodium
l-glutamate (MSG) and monosodium
l-aspartate (MSA) were
investigated using broiler and layer type chicks. These represent
relatively fast- and slow-growing birds, respectively. We found that MSG
stimulated food intake of both types of chicks in a dose-related fashion
at 30 min post-injection. After 60 min post-injection, this tendency
continued in layer chicks, but it disappeared in broiler chicks. On the
other hand, ICV administration of MSA did not affect feeding behavior of
both types of chicks during the 2h experimental period. Further studies
have been recommended to arrive at a definite conclusion.
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Alpha-helical
CRF9-41,
Blocks Stress- and CRF-induced Behavior Changes in Chicks
R. Zhang, A. Ohgushi,
T. Takagi, T. Nakanishi,
E.-S. Saito, T. Yoshimatsu, D.M. Denbow1,
M. Furuse*
Laboratory of
Advanced Animal and Marine Bioresources
Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences
Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
(Received February
15, 2002; accepted July 18, 2002)
Abstract
Zhang, R., Ohgushi,
A., Takagi, T., Nakanishi, T., Saito, E.-S., Yoshimatsu, T., Denbow, D.M.
and Furuse, M. 2002. Alpha-helical CRF9-41,
blocks stress- and CRF-induced behavior changes in chicks. J. Appl. Anim.
Res., 22: 169-176.
Three experiments were conducted to
test the role of the brain corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system in
mediating stress-induced behaviors and regulating food intake by using CRF
receptor antagonists (a-helical
CRF9-41 and
astressin) in chicks. In Experiment 1, birds were intracerebro-ventricularly
(i.c.v.) injected with 10 µg of
a-helical
CRF9-41 or
saline and placed individually into an acrylic glass recording chamber 20
min post-injection and automatically monitored by an audio analysis
application for 60 seconds. The number of distress vocalizations (DVs)
induced by isolation was significantly suppressed by
a-helical
CRF9-41 compared
to the control group. Chicks were similarly treated with astressin in doses
of 0, 5 and 10 µg in Experiment 2, but no significant difference of DVs was
observed. In Experiment 3, after a 3h fast, birds were i.c.v. injected with
either saline, 0.1 µg of CRF, 0.1 µg of CRF + 5 µg of
a-helical
CRF9-41 or
0.1 µg of CRF + 10 µg of
a-helical
CRF9-41 and
food intake was measured for 2h. CRF suppressed food intake and
a-helical
CRF9-41 partially
blocked such effect. The results suggested that 1)
a-helical
CRF9-41 attenuated
the behavior changes induced by isolation and exogenous CRF; 2) CRF
receptors in avian species may be somewhat different from that in mammals.
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Repair of Third
Metacarpal Bone Fracture in a Foal Using DCP and Thomas Splint -A Case
Report
K. Sardari, K.
Sharifi
Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
P.O. Box 91775-1714, Iran
(Revised received
September 16, 2002; accepted October 7, 2002)
Abstract
Sardari, K. and
Sharifi, K. 2002. Repair of third metacarpal bone fracture in a foal using
DCP and Thomas Splint-A case report. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 177-182.
Third metacarpal bone fracture in a 1.5 month thoroughbred foal was
diagnosed. The foal was treated by using internal plate fixation with DCP
(Dynamic Compression Plate) and Thomas splint. After 60 day postoperatively,
the plate was removed and the limb was again immobilized with Thomas splint.
After 5 days the Thomas splint was removed and plaster cast was applied
which was subsequently changed after 6 days and kept for another 6 days.
There after, the plaster cast was removed and no external support was
provided and foal was left to enjoy himself for normal walking and exercise
schedule.
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Feeding and Drinking
Responses and Hypothalamic Monoamine Concentrations of Neonatal Chicks
Following Intracerebroventricular Injection of 6-OHDA
T. Bungoa*,
T. Tachibanab,
K. Sashiharac,
S.-I. Kawakamid,
A. Ohgushic,
M. Furusec,
H. Uedaa
aLaboratory
of Animal Science
Department of Agrobiological Science
Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University
Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
bDepartment
of Animal Science
Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University
Utsunomiya 321-8505, Japan
cDepartment
of Animal and Marine Bioresources Science
Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences
Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
dDepartment
of Animal Production
Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station
Kumamoto 861-1192, Japan
(Revised received
June 5, 2002; accepted June 10, 2002)
Abstract
Bungo, T., Tachibana,
T., Sashihara, K., Kawakami, S.-I., Ohgushi A., Furuse, M. and Ueda, H.
2002. Feeding and drinking responses and hypothalamic monoamine
concentrations of neonatal chicks following intracerebroventricular
injection of 6-OHDA. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 183-192.
To clarify the involvement of
catecholaminergic systems in the regulation of food and water intake in the
neonatal chick, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) or fusaric acid (FA) was
administered intracerebroventricularly (ICV) and the concentrations of
monoamine in the hypothalamus were determined. We found that food intake was
significantly increased by ICV injection of 6-OHDA (25, 50 and 100 µg) until
60 min after injection, but the effect disappeared at 120 min. Although both
6-OHDA and FA had no significant effect on water intake, the water
consumption in chicks treated with FA tended to be higher than that with
saline (control). Norepinephrine (NE) in the hypothalamus was reduced in
chicks treated with 6-OHDA (P<0.05). These results indicate that changes in
NE concentration of the hypothalamus mainly influence food intake in chicks.
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Restoration of
the Crested Ibis, Nipponia nippon
Y.M. Xi, B.Z. Lu1,
Y.M. Zhang1,
N. Fujihara*
Division of Animal
Resource Science
School of Agriculture
Graduate School Kyushu University
Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
(Received February
20, 2002; accepted August 31, 2002)
Abstract
Xi, Y.M., Lu, B.Z.,
Zhang, Y.M. and Fujihara, N. 2002. Restoration of the crested ibis,
Nipponia nippon. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 193-200.
In China, the crested ibis
Nipponia nippon was thought to have become extinct until seven birds
were rediscovered in 1981. After its rediscovery, various projects for the
conservation of the species in the wild and for captive breeding were begun
with the goal of managing the population. A total number of this species
increased to more than 200 birds including about 100 in the wild and 130 in
captivity by 2000. Despite captive breeding inbreeding depression has not
been observed. In the course of research, however, various factors were
influencing the rate of increase of the crested ibis population. The factors
include: habitat loss, the increased human population within the species’
range, environmental pollution resulting from the use of agro-chemicals in
particular pesticides and also predators such as snakes and birds. The fate
of the crested ibis probably depends largely upon the life style of
humankind.
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Effects of Dietary
Level of Protein, Lysine and Methionine and Strain of Bird on Production and
Egg Yolk Cholesterol
T.M. Shafey, J.G.
Dingle1,
M.W. McDonald1
Department of Animal
Production
University of King Saud, College of Agriculture
P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
(Received February
15, 2002; accepted August 31, 2002)
Abstract
Shafey, T.M., Dingle,
J.G. and McDonald, M.W. 2002. Effects of dietary level of protein, lysine
and methionine and strain of bird on production and egg yolk cholesterol. J.
Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 201-208.
The effects of dietary level of
protein (151, 181 g/kg), lysine (nil, 10g
L-lysine hydrochloride/kg) and methionine (nil, 5 g DL-methionine/kg) on the
production performance and egg yolk cholesterol of two strains of birds were
studied for 12 weeks. Birds fed on the high protein diet had higher body
weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), rate of lay, egg weight and mass
and yolk weight and mass. A high lysine diet decreased feed intake and
improved FCR. High dietary level of methionine increased egg yolk
cholesterol. There were differences between strains of laying bird in feed
intake, rate of lay, egg and yolk weights and egg cholesterol content. It is
concluded that strain of bird and dietary level of protein and lysine
influenced the production performance of birds. Whilst, egg yolk cholesterol
was not reduced by any of the factors studied.
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Effects of Different
Levels of Sunflower Oil in Diets on Lipoproteins,
Cholesterol and Triglyceride in Geese
Necati Utlu, Necati Kaya1,
Osman Yucel2
Ataturk University
Occupational Health Service School
Erzurum-Turkey
(Received January
22, 2002; accepted September 17, 2002)
Abstract
Utlu, N., Kaya, N., Yucel, O. 2002. Effects of different levels of sunflower
oil in diets on lipoproteins, cholesterol and triglyceride in geese. J. Appl.
Anim. Res., 22: 209-212.
To evaluate the effect of sunflower
oil (SO) in diet on serum lipid profile, 40 goslings were divided into four
equal groups and fed on ration containing 0, 2, 4 or 6% SO in basal diet for
eleven weeks. Cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased
with increasing levels of SO in diet. Triglyceride and very low density
lipoprotein cholesterol also decreased (P<0.05) and high density lipoprotein
cholesterol increased but differences from control group were significant
only at the highest level of SO in the diet. It is suggested that meat from
geese fed on lipids containing PUFA may have better human acceptance.
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Effect of Mowing
Height on Nutritive Value of Maize Silage
H. Kruczy½ska,
K. Darul, W. Nowak
Department of Animal Nutrition
and Feed Management
August Cieszkowski Agricultural University
Woly½ska
33, 60-637 Pozna½,
Poland
(Received January
17, 2002; accepted September 6, 2002)
Abstract
Kruczy½ska,
N., Darul, K. and Nowak, W. 2002. Effect of mowing height on nutritive value
of maize silage. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 213-218.
Investigations encompassed maize
silages prepared from varieties : Rasant FAO 200, Dragon FAO 210, LG 2252,
FAO 230, San FAO 240 and Magister FAO 270. Dry matter content in case of
plants mowed at the height of 15 cm (A) ranged from 33.4% (LG 2252) to 38.5%
(Magister). Differences between varieties in terms of the chemical
composition of silages were slight and not unidirectional. An increase in
the height of mowing from 15 cm (A) to 55 cm (B) resulted in significant
increase in the concentration of dry matter, decrease in the amount of
structural carbohydrates (ADF, NDF) and improved NDF degradation in the
rumen. Variety LG 2252 was characterized by the lowest ruminal degradation
of starch. Starch digestibility in the whole digestive tract was 99-100 per
cent.
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Effect of Treatment with
Enalapril, Frusemide and a Low-sodium Diet on Dogs with Mitral
Regurgitation
E. Ynaraja1,
A. Caro1,
J.A. Montoya2*
1Internal
Medicine
Faculty of Veterinary Science of Madrid, Spain
2Internal
Medicine
Faculty of Veterinary Science of Las Palmas de Gran
Canaria University, 35416-Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
(Received December
27, 2001; accepted September 7, 2002)
Abstract
Ynaraja, E., Caro, A. and Montoya, J.A. 2002. Effect of
treatment with enalapril, frusemide and a low-sodium diet on dogs with
mitral regurgitation. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 219-224.
Thirty-five dogs with congestive
heart failure due to chronic mitral valve disease were treated with
frusemide (1 mg/kg bid), enalapril (0.4 mg/kg bid) and a low-sodium diet to
evaluated the effects produced by combination of these drugs and to
ascertain the possible negative effects following the use of these drugs.
The treatment was safe, effective and well tolerated. No major side effects
and no significant changes in haematological and biochemical variables were
observed.
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A Comparison of
Non-linear Models for Describing Weight-Age Relationships in N’Dama Cattle
O.O. Mgbere1,
O. Olutogun
Animal Breeding &
Genetics Division
Department of Animal Science
University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
(Revised received
May 20, 2002; accepted May 24, 2002)
Abstract
Mgbere, O.O. and
Olutogun, O. 2002. A comparison of non-linear models for describing
weight-age relationships in N’Dama cattle. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 225-230.
Three non-linear models were used to fit weight-age data of N’Dama cattle
reared under ranching conditions at Fashola, Nigeria. Comparisons were made
among these models for computational difficulty, goodness of fit and lack of
bias in estimate of mature weight. Brody’s and Bertalanffy’s growth models
were easy and took less time to reach convergence in comparison to Richards’
model. Richards’ model with least residual mean squares was the best fit to
the observed growth pattern of male and female N’Dama cattle. Bertalanffy’s
model had the best Asymptotic estimate (A) for males’ data and could predict
99.40 per cent of their mature weight, while Richards’ model, which had the
best ‘A’ estimate in females could predict 99.43 per cent of their mature
weight.
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Antigenic
Characteristics of Fowl Adenovirus-4 (FAV-4) Isolates from Inclusion Body
Hepatitis-hydropericardium Syndrome of Chickens
Gurpreet Kaur, N.K.
Maiti, M.S. Oberoi
Department of
Veterinary Microbiology
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana-141004, India
(Received October
11, 2001; accepted May 20, 2002)
Abstract
Kaur, G., Maiti, N.K.
and Oberoi, M.S. 2002. Antigenic characteristics of fowl adenovirus-4
(FAV-4) isolates from inclusion body hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome of
chickens. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 231-236.
Two-dimensional (crossed)
immunoelctrophoresis of 10 FAV-4 isolates revealed 6 immunoprecipitate peaks
with FAV-4 antiserum. Purified isolates and standard FAV-4 strain revealed 8
structural polypeptides in SDS-PAGE ranging between 18 to 116 KD in
molecular weight. Out of the eight polypeptides, only six polypeptides
between 35-166 KD molecular weight were found to be immunogenic in
immunoblotting study. This indicated no antigenic differences in the FAV-4
isolates from IBH-HPS cases.
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Some Metabolic
Effects of Three Different Rations Following Laparotomy in Sheep
M. Mohebbi1,
A.H. Meimandi2,
M. Eskandarpour
1Department
of Animal Health and Nutrition
2Department
of Clinical Studies
School of Veterinary Medicine
Shiraz University, Shiraz 71345-1731, Iran
(Received October 27, 2001; accepted August 14, 2002)
Abstract
Mohebbi, M., Meimandi, A.H. and Eskandarpour, M. 2002. Some metabolic
effects of three different rations following laparotomy in sheep. J. Appl.
Anim. Res., 22: 237-242.
To evaluate the effect of energy and
protein of the diet after major surgery, three groups of sheep (n=4) fed a
basal diet of alfalfa hay and wheat straw were subjected to left flank
laparotomy with some manipulation of internal organs. After surgery, sheep
received either basal ration alone or supplemented with barley and soybean
meal for next three weeks. The highest dry matter intake and the lowest
weight loss were observed in group III, where the diet had the lowest bulk
and the highest energy and crude protein content. Serum glucose increased
significantly in all groups for 6 days
(p £0.05).
Total protein and albumin decreased and BUN increased in all groups (p
£0.05),
but these changes were prolonged in control group. It is concluded that
manipulating the diet following a major surgery may be effective in meeting
nutritional requirements of the animal, re-establishing normal metabolic
status and reducing utilization of body reserves.
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Genetic Parameter
Estimation of Partial Egg Production Traits in Layers*
Y. Ünver**,
¤ O?uz,
Y. AkbaÕ
Ege University,
Faculty of Agriculture
Department of Animal Science
Izmir - Turkey
(Received November
24, 2001; accepted August 16, 2002)
Abstract
Ünver, Y., O?uz,
¤. and AkbaÕ,
Y. 2002. Genetic parameter estimation of partial egg production traits in
layers. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 243-248.
To estimate
heritabilities of different partial egg production traits and their
correlations with each other and to use it as a selection criteria, egg
productions of 1980 animals from 43 sires and 8 dams per sire were used.
Heritability estimates of the second period egg production were the lowest
based on sire and sire+dam variance components, while it was the lowest in
the third period based on animal model. The highest heritability estimates
were obtained for 31-40 weeks of age for all models used. Heritability
estimates for animal model were generally close to heritability from sire
model. Due to high correlations of sub-partial egg productions with 22-40
weeks of egg production, the former can be used as a selection criterion.
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Foetal Alcohol Syndrome
: Growth Rate of Bones in Rats
I.C. Nwaogu
Department of Veterinary Anatomy
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria
Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
(Received October
6, 2001; accepted March 30, 2002)
Abstract
Nwaogu, I.C. 2002. Foetal alcohol syndrome : growth rate of bones in rats.
J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 249-253.
The
effect of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy on the growth rate
of humerus and femur were studied in 168 offspring of rats. Experimental
foetal alcohol syndrome was produced by giving 10% ethanol (v/v) in water to
eight-week old female albino rats for 2 weeks, then 20% ethanol (v/v) for
another 3 weeks and mating them overnight. When confirmed pregnant, the
alcohol concentration was increased to 30% until delivery when alcohol
consumption was stopped. The birth weights as well as lengths of humerus and
femur of the control rats were significantly higher (P<0.01) than those of
prenatally alcohol fed rats at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 14 weeks of age. The
relative growth rates of femur were significantly higher (P<0.01) in the
experimental than the control group. It is concluded that alcohol
consumption by pregnant rats adversely affected the growth rates of humerus
and femur of their offsprings prenatally and at least up to 14 weeks of age.
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Anatomy and Histology
of the Atrio-Ventricular Node of Goats (Capra hircus)
A. Nabipur
Department of
Anatomical Sciences
School of Veterinary Medicine
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Mashhad, 91775-1793, Iran
(Received December
13, 2001; accepted September 7, 2002)
Abstract
Nabipur, A. 2002.
Anatomy and histology of the atrio-ventricular node of goats (Capra
hircus). J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 255-260.
Anatomy and histology of the atrio-ventricular
node was studied in 5 female goats. The atrio-ventricular node (4.23mm x
2.13mm x 0.61mm) was located beneath the endocardium, in the lower right
side of interatrial septum and between the ostium of the coronary sinus and
septal cusp of the tricuspid valve. It was irregular elongated oval shaped.
Histologically, within the node there was a mass of twisting interconnecting
bundles of fibers and intercalated discs were not seen. At the posterio-dorsal
and anterio-ventral of the node there were a number of arterioles which
supplied the node. Nerve fibers were abundant in the node and
parasympathetic ganglions were present in adjacent fibrous ring.
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Growth, Non-carcass
Components and Retail Cut Percentages of Morkaraman Lambs Slaughtered at
Different Weights
M. Macit
Department of Animal Science
Ataturk University, College of Agriculture
25240, Erzurum, Turkey
(Received December 26, 2001; accepted June 19, 2002)
Abstract
Macit, M. 2002.
Growth, non-carcass components and retail cut percentages of Morkaraman
lambs slaughtered at different weights. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 261-266.
The carcass characteristics
(dressing percentage, organ weights and retail cuts) of 15 Morkaraman male
lambs slaughtered at approximately 47.5, 52.5 or 57.2 kg live weight were
evaluated. All lambs were fed with a diet consisting of 65% concentrate and
35% hay on the basis of biweekly adjustment of the amount offered. The
differences between most of the parameters studied were not affected,
whereas, most of the fat estimating characteristics were higher when lambs
were slaughtered at 57.2 kg live weight than lighter weights (47.5 and 52.5
kg). The results indicate that 75 days of fattening and 47.5 kg of slaughter
weight were most appropriate for getting a leaner carcass.
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Effect of
Rearing Systems on Kid Performance, Lactation Traits
and Profitability of Shami (Damascus) Goats
M. Keskin
Mustafa Kemal University
Agricultural Faculty
Hatay-Turkey
(Received February
5, 2002; accepted August 10, 2002)
Abstract
Keskin, M. 2002.
Effect of rearing systems on kid performance, lactation traits and
profitability of Shami (Damascus) goats. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 267-271.
To compare the growth
performance of kids, lactation characteristics and profitability of Shami
(Damascus) goats, thirty three 4-years old does and their 39 kids were
divided into two groups: In the traditional kid rearing group, kids were
reared with dams without commercial milking and in the second group does
were separated from the kids during the day and milked commercially once a
day (MOD). During 60 days of study, no significant differences were found
between the two groups with regard to kid growth, lactation yield and
lactation length of dams. However, the MOD group appeared to be more
profitable because it allowed more milk to be marketed.
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Effects of Duration of Feed Restriction on
Carcass Composition of Leghorn Cockerels
J.E. Rossi, S.C.
Loerch1
Department of Animal
Sciences
Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center
The Ohio State University
Wooster, Ohio 44691, U.S.A.
(Received December
26, 2001; accepted July 18, 2002)
Abstract
Rossi, J.E. and Loerch,
S.C. 2002. Effects of duration of feed restriction on carcass composition of
Leghorn cockerels. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 00-00.
To study effects of duration of feed
restriction on carcass composition of Leghorn cockerels, three-hundred sixty
7-d-old Leghorn cockerels were allotted to thirty-six pens with 10 cockerels
per pen. Treatments were
ad libitum consumption of feed (AL) or feed intake was restricted to 80%
of ad libitum intake for two (R-2), five (R-5), or eight (R-8) wk,
followed by ad libitum feeding for the remainder of the experiment.
Nine birds per treatment were slaughtered when mean body weight (BW) within
a treatment was 250, 500, 1000 and 1310 g. At 250 g BW, carcass protein
concentration was lower (P<0.01) and carcass fat concentration was greater
(P<0.01) for birds in the AL and R-2 feeding regimens compared with birds in
the
R-5 and R-8 regimens. At 1310g BW, there were no significant (P>0.33)
treatment effects on carcass protein and fat concentrations. Carcass protein
concentration and protein accretion rate appeared to be affected more by
body weight than feeding regimen. Carcass fat concentration and accretion
rate decreased during a feed intake restriction period, but rapidly
increased during realimentation.
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