Music and Technology
Linear: theory that things are moving exponentially; takes into account a population increase
Technology is moving at the progress of society
Flattening: we can only create so much technology until we reach a point of equilibrium
Musical Genres: number of new musical genres that have hit the scene
Technological and music innovation move in tandem with one another
Music Concrete
Style of music that manipulates recordings into musical compositions
Pierre Schaeffer-well known for his piece, "Etude Aux Chemins de Fer," which he used single grooved records and turntables to make his piece. It is also known as the primary example of musique concrete.listen
This style [or genre] was very controversial, many argued that it is not music, nor requires any musical ability
Elektronische Musik
Adapted from Germany in the 1950s by Karlheinz Stockhausen—known to be very formalized music due to its mathematical and electronic signals
Example of Elektronische Musik: “Gesange der Junglinge” by Karlheinz Stockhausen—uses synthesized sounds and boys’ voices to formalize the track. listen
Other Notable Tracks
Imaginary Landscape No. 1—created in 1939 by John Cage, “Imaginary Landscape No. 1” uses a cymbal, piano, and phonographs. This track is an example of the avant-garde genre.listen
Poéme électronique—created in 1958 by Edgard Varése. It is well known for being played at the World Fair in Germany and its distribution on over 400 speakers.listen
Concréte P.H—created in 1958 by Iannis Xenakis, “Concréte P.H.” exemplifies the tape music genre. Its sound sources are burning charcoal. listen
Tape Techniques
The 1960s are known for using several tape techniques. Among these techniques are: splicing (cutting tape), speed of the tape, multi-tracking (multiple voices on the track), looping (repeating a specific part of tape), Panning (moving sound images), and reversing the tape.
Examples: “Revolution No. 9” by the Beatles.listen
Synthesizers
Synthesizers were popular during the 1960s and 70s. Jimi Hendrix is notable for using feedback and distortion, as well as synthesis for his rendition of “The Star Spangled Banner.” listen
“Won’t get Fooled Again” by The Who—used a VCS synthesizer and also has repeated synth drone throughout the track.listen
"Trans-Europe Express" by Kraftwerk--Kraftwerk is well-renowned for their experimental style, writing futuristic lyrics and electronic sound. listen
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