PARIETAL LOBE
| The Parietal Lobe is the location for:
* Visual attention.
* Touch perception.
* Goal directed voluntary movements.
* Manipulation of objects.
* Integration of different senses allowing for the understanding of a single concept. |
Observed problems include:
*Inability to attend to more than one object at a time.
*Inability to name an object (Anomia).
*Inability to locate the words for writing (Agraphia).
*Problems with reading (Alexia).
*Difficulty with drawing objects.
*Difficulty in distinguishing left from right.
*Difficulty with doing mathematics (Dyscalculia).
*Lack of awareness of certain body parts and/or surrounding space (Apraxia) that leads to difficulties in self-care.
*Inability to focus visual attention.
*Difficulties with eye and hand coordination.
|
FRONTAL LOBE
| The Frontal Lobe is the location for:
*How we know what we are doing within our environment (Consciousness).
*How we initiate activity in response to our environment.
*Judgments we make about what occurs in our daily activities.
*Controls our emotional response.
*Controls our expressive language.
*Assigns meaning to the words we choose.
*Involves word associations.
*Memory for habits and motor activities.
|
Observed problems include:
*Loss of simple movement of various body parts (Paralysis).
*Inability to plan a sequence of complex movements needed to complete multi-stepped tasks, such as making coffee (Sequencing).
*Loss of spontaneity in interacting with others.
*Loss of flexibility in thinking.
*Persistence of a single thought (Perseveration).
*Inability to focus on task (Attending).
*Mood changes (Emotionally Labile).
*Changes in social behavior.
*Changes in personality.
*Difficulty with problem solving.
*Inability to express language (Broca's Aphasia).
|
OCCIPITAL LOBE
| The Occipital Lobe is the location for:
*Vision.
|
Observed problems include:
*Defects in vision (Visual Field Cuts).
*Difficulty with locating objects in environment.
*Difficulty with identifying colors (Color Agnosia).
*Production of hallucinations.
*Visual illusions - inaccurately seeing objects.
*Word blindness - inability to recognize words.
*Difficulty in recognizing drawn objects.
*Inability to recognize the movement of an object (Movement Agnosia).
*Difficulties with reading and writing.
|
TEMPORAL LOBE
| The Temporal Lobe is the location for:
*Hearing ability.
*Memory acquisition.
*Some visual perceptions.
*Categorization of objects.
|
Observed problems include:
*Difficulty in recognizing faces (Prosopagnosia).
*Difficulty in understanding spoken words (Wernicke's Aphasia).
*Disturbance with selective attention to what we see and hear.
*Difficulty with identification of, and verbalization about objects.
*Short-term memory loss.
*Interference with long-term memory.
*Increased or decreased interest in sexual behavior.
*Inability to categorize objects (Categorization).
*Right lobe damage can cause persistent talking.
*Increased aggressive behavior.
|
CEREBELLUM
| The Cerebellum is the location for:
*Coordination of voluntary movement.
*Balance and equilibrium.
*Some memory for reflex motor acts.
|
Observed problems include:
*Loss of ability to coordinate fine movements.
*Loss of ability to walk.
*Inability to reach out and grab objects.
*Tremors.
*Dizziness (Vertigo).
*Slurred Speech (Scanning Speech).
*Inability to make rapid movements.
|
BRAIN STEM
| The Brain Stem is the location for:
*Breathing.
*Heart Rate.
*Swallowing.
*Reflexes to seeing and hearing (Startle Response).
*Controls sweating, blood pressure, digestion, temperature (Autonomic Nervous System).
*Affects level of alertness.
*Ability to sleep.
*Sense of balance.
|
Observed problems include:
*Decreased vital capacity in breathing, important for speech.
*Swallowing food and water (Dysphagia).
*Difficulty with organization/perception of the environment.
*Problems with balance and movement.
*Dizziness and nausea (Vertigo).
*Sleeping difficulties (Insomnia, sleep apnea).
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