MLA SOURCE EXAMPLES

 

 

General Reminders:

·        Alphabetize all entries. Use author’s last name first. Drop all articles (A, The, An, etc.) to the end when alphabetizing.

·        If an author is not available, alphabetize on the title after dropping articles.

·        Double space entries. Do not add additional space between entries. Indent second and subsequent lines. Do not number or bullet entries.

·        Web addresses should be the same color and font size as other information.

·        There are proper formats for almost every type of evidence. If you do not find an example below, consult a MLA guide or ask for help.

 

Books:

Author. Title. Place of Publication: Publisher, Date.

Irons, Peter. The Courage of Their Convictions. New York: Free Press, 1988.

 

Books With An Editor:

Editor. Title. Place of Publication: Publisher, Date.

Garraty, John, ed. Quarrels That Have Shaped the Constitution. New York: Harper & Row, 1962.

 

Books With Chapters By Individual Authors:

Author. “Chapter Title.” Title. Editor. Place of Publication: Publisher, Date.

Lewis, Anthony. “The Case of the Florida Drifter.” Quarrels That Have Shaped the Constitution. Ed. John Garraty. New York: Harper & Row, 1962.

 

Reference Books:

Author. “Article Title.” Title. Edition.

Dumas, Ernest C. “Clinton, Bill.” Encarta. 1999 ed.

 

Periodicals:

Author. “Article Title.” Publication Title Date: Page.

Samuels, Allison and John Leland “MJ’s Court.” Newsweek 25 January 1999: 21.

 

Newspaper Articles:

Author. “Article Title.” Publication Title Date: Section Page.

Sontag, Deborah. “Israel’s Divisions Splinter Its Politics.” New York Times 24 January 1999: A1.

 


Newspaper Editorials:

Author. “Article Title.” Editorial. Publication Title Date: Section Page. [Indicate Letter to the Editor]

Will, George. “Impeachment and Public Morality.” Editorial. Indianapolis Star 15 January 1999: A8.

 

Newspaper and Periodical Web Sites:

If a newspaper or magazine article is taken from an Internet source, cite the article as you would normally and add the date that you accessed the material and the full web address set inside < > before the final period.

MacFarquhar, Neil. “Iranian President Vows to Press Forward on Reform.” New York Times 8 August 2001. 11 August 2001 <http://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/09 international/middleeast/09IRAN.html>.

 

Website Databases: Use this abbreviated format for articles taken from databases such as EBSCO or Looksmart.  Do not use the entire URL.

Author. “Article Title.” Source Title. Date of Item: Database.  Access Date <entrance to web site>.

McCauley, Martin. Russia's Bitter Path to Modernity a History of the Soviet and Post-Soviet Eras.” History Today. September 2003: Looksmart.  24 January 2004 <http://www.findarticles.com/PI/index.jhtml>.

 

Other Web Sites: Check the MLA website’s MLA Style, Frequently Asked Questions section for more information (http://www.mla.org/).

Author. “Title of Article or Page” Web Site Name. Date of Item. Access Date <web address>.

Charles, Jonathan. “Macedonian Fighting Threatens Peace Deal” BBC News 9 August 2001. 10 August 2001 <http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/europe/newsid_1482000/1482617.stm>.

 

Interviews:

Name of Person Interviewed. Personal Interview. Date of Interview.

Bayh, Evan. Personal Interview. 22 November 1999.

 

A Brief Comment on Internal Citations:

Internal citations or references are used in the body of a paper to indicate the source of quotations, statistics, and controversial statements. Also reference the source of information that you have derived primarily from a specific source. Citations are done by including the source in parenthesis at the end of a sentence (and before the punctuation except for block quotations). The reference should be as brief as possible and still allow the reader to clearly understand which entry on the bibliography is being referenced. Citations should include the page number(s) from where the material was obtained.

Example:

Mary Beth Tinker’s life was changed dramatically when the Supreme Court agreed to hear her case. “After all the publicity about what we did, we got a lot of repercussions. People threw red paint at our house, and we got a lot of calls. We got all kinds of threats to our family, even death threats” (Irons 248).