Chapter
4
EMCO
Compact 5 CNC Lathe
Capabilities
and Requirements
Contents
4.1
EMCO Compact 5 CNC
4.2
Table of maximum values
4.3
Alarm signs that maybe encountered
4.4
G-codes/M-codes
4.5
G-codes explanation
4.6
M-codes explanation
4.7
DNC Interface
4.8
RS232 Operation
Note:
In this chapter you will encounter many references to the Appendix A. I
am sorry to inform you that is not presently available on the web due to
its large volume. However I would be glad to help if you email
me.
4.1
EMCO Compact 5 CNC
The EMCO Compact 5 CNC is a computer numerical control lathe. It has many
features such as tool change and can perform operations such as turning,
facing, boring, circular interpolation, grooving etc. The EMCO Compact
5 CNC is illustrated in figure 4.1a and the EMCO tool turret in figure
4.2.
FIGURE 4.1 A photo of the EMCO Compact 5 CNC
The are a lot of operations that can be performed on this
CNC lathe, however, the aim of this project is not to demonstrate the various
capabilities of the CNC in detail. It would be worth it though to make
a small discussion on each operation that can be performed on the CNC lathe.
FIGURE 4.2 EMCO COMPACT 5 CNC tool turret.
4.2
Table of the maximum values
Due to its small size and because this machine is for educational purposes
the maximum values that are allowed are relatively small. The table which
shows a summary of the maximum input size values can be requested by email.
4.3
Alarm signs that maybe encountered
The alarm signs which can be displayed on the CNC screen are explained
in detail below:
1. A00 wrong G- or M- code
Example of an incorrect input is G61.
2. A01 Wrong circle interpolation
With input of wrong circle (Arc, circle target points resp. center
point coordinates) alarm 01 is given.
3. A02 X-value too large
For max. values compare chart max. values!
4. A03 Wrong F-value
Compare chart max. values!
5. A04 Z-value too large
For max. values compare chart max. values!
6. A05 No M30 programmed
If you forget to put an M30 at the end of the program and you press
the start key resp. if you want to carry out a test run, alarm 05 will
be shown.
7. A06 Main Spindle R.P.M. too high when threading
This alarm shows only during program execution and not at program input
(G33 or G78)
Measures:
-reduces r.p.m.
-press keys INP + REV; the alarm disappears, program execution is automatically
continued if the respective r.p.m. is given. Max. r.p.m. for threading
compare chart.
Alarm signs in cassette operation
8. A08 tape end with save
9. A09 Program not found
10. A10 Writing protection active
11. A11 Running fault
For detailed explanations of alarms
A08 - A12 compare cassette operation
12. A13 Switching from mm to Inch with Full Register
If you read in a metric program, however, the selector switch is set
at Inch, this alarm will be given.
13. A15 Wrong H-value
Possible value compare chart max. values!
14. A17 Wrong sub-routine
If a sub-routine is more than fivefold
The alarm codes as these are appeared on the monitor of the CNC are
laid in the table 4.3
TABLE 4.3 Alarm signs as these appear on the CNC monitor
4.4
G-codes/M-codes
For the standard G and M codes see Appendix A. However, in the new software
A6C 114 004 for the Compact 5 CNC there are some additional features not
included in the Appendix. This additional features are listed below:
1. Circle programming G02, G03: all partial arcs can be programmed
in steps of 0.01 mm. Programming via center point coordinates I, K; sizes
of arcs up to parameter values
X +59.99 mm - -59.99 mm, Z +2327.60 mm - -2327 mm, I 59.99 mm, K 227.00
mm
2. Dwell can be programmed
3. Subroutines - fivefold, jump instructions
4. New canned cycles with automatic division of cut
G78 Threading
G84 Longitudinal turning
G86 Grooving
G88 Facing
5. New drilling cycles
6. With machines delivered ex-works, M03 and M05 can be activated
via the program and these machines are equipped with a main switch (0-HAND-CNC)
7. Using M98 an automatic compensation of play can be programmed
for X- and Z- slides.
4.5
G-codes explanation
G01 linear interpolation
G01 is a chip removal traverse and feed can either be programmed in
mm/min or mm/r.p.m.. The feed is set by default in mm/min if no indications
are given through G95 or G96 (see Appendix A).
G02 & G03 are circular interpolation clockwise and counterclockwise
respectively
This command is used to perform quadrants by giving the center of the
arc in I and K positions (see Appendix A).
G04 is dwell
Is put under the X-address, the input range is from 0 to 5999 and the
input dimension is in 1/100 second (see Appendix A).
G21 Empty line
If you program an empty line you can insert a block at later stage
without having to change the number of the following blocks.
G24 Radius input with absolute value programming
Since milling can also be performed with this command the x-values
are considered not as diameter values but as actual coordinate values (see
Appendix A).
G25-Subroutine Call up with the M17 as the Return command
(see Appendix A).
G27 Jump instruction
With this instruction jumps can be done forth and back within the program
(see Appendix A).
G33 Threading with constant pitch
With G33 only one threading passage is programmed. Approach and withdrawal
are programmed using G00 blocks (see Appendix A).
G64 Feed Motor Currentless
(see Appendix A)
G65 Cassette operation
This is a switch command and is not taken over into the CNC-program.
Using G65 programs can be registered on the cassette or loaded on the machine
(see Appendix A).
G66 RS232 Operation
This is also a switch command which activates the RS232 connection.
RS232 is an internationally standardized interface and via this cable the
machine can be connected with a computer, a printer, the EMCO-TRAINER or
a perforated tape reader and a perforated tape punch (see Appendix A).
G73 Chip Breakage Cycle
(see Appendix A)
G78 Threading Cycle
(see Appendix A)
G81 Drilling Cycle
(see Appendix A)
G82 Drilling Cycle with Dwell
(see Appendix A)
G83 Drilling Cycle, Deep Hole with Withdrawal
(see Appendix A)
G84 Longitudinal cutting
(see Appendix A)
G85 Reaming Cycle
(see Appendix A)
G86 Grooving Cycle
(see Appendix A)
G88 Facing Cycle
(see Appendix A)
G89 Reaming and Drilling Cycle with Dwell
(see Appendix A)
G90 Absolute Value Programming
(see Appendix A)
G91 Incremental Value Programming
Incremental value programming, each new tool position takes as reference
the previous position of the tool (see Appendix A).
G92 Set Register
This command enables the programmer to set the zero point in any desired
point independent of the slides position (see Appendix A).
G94 Feed in mm/min (inch/min)
The feed f is executed in mm/min (see Appendix A).
G95 Feed in mm/rev (inch/rev)
The feed f is executed in mm/rev (see Appendix A).
4.6
M-codes explanation
M00 Programmed Stop
The program is interrupted and the slides stop (see Appendix A).
M03 Main Spindle in Clockwise Rotation
The main spindle is switched on via the program (see Appendix A).
M05 Main Spindle Stop
The main spindle is switched/controlled via the program (see Appendix
A).
M06 Tool Length Compensation, Tool Change
Under this command the coordinates of the various tools can be put
in and they are calculated automatically (see Appendix A).
M08 & M09 are Switch Output
Use of M08/M09 are used in connection with a Flexible Manufacturing
System (FMS) (see Appendix A).
M17 Return Command
A subroutine must be finished with M17 and the effect is to jump back
to the next higher program (see Appendix A).
M22, M23, M26 are Switch Output
Used in connection with FMS (see Appendix A).
M30 End of Program
All main programs must end with M30 (see Appendix A).
M99 Circle Parameter
(see Appendix A)
M98 The Automatic Play Compensation
(see Appendix A)
4.7
DNC Interface
The DNC Interface is an accessory which can be built in at later stage
on request. The DNC interface allows to send instructions with the help
of a CNC-program. The functions of the DNC interface are that the main
spindle can be switched on with M03 and off with M05. In addition when
a main spindle is switched on with M03, can be switched off manually during
the intermediate stop, by actuating the M-switch. Where the intermediate
stop is interrupted by a start , the main spindle is automatically switched
on again, and after 2 seconds start delay the program continues to operate.
The program end M30, automatically produces a switching off of the min
spindle. For further information see Appendix A.
4.8
RS232 Operation
The RS232 interface can be activated with the G66 command and can be used
to connect the machine with a computer, a printer and tape reader or puncher.
The data are sent via the connecting cable. The instructions for using
the RS232 can be found in the Appendix A. The format that the file
that will be sent to the machine must have a % at the beginning to define
a program start and an M at the end to define the program end. A complete
program that can be sent through an RS232 to the machine can be found in
Appendix A. Also any program that is sent out of the machine through the
RS232 cable will be shown in the same format.
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