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Save the environment
Biomes and Biodiversity
Wetlands
Land surface is saturated of covered with water atleast part of the year.
Swamps – Wetlands with trees.
Marshes – Wetlands without trees.
Bogs and ferns – waterlogged soils that tend to accumulate peat.
Water usually shallow enough to allow full sunlight penetration.
Trap and filter water.
Tropical Moist Forests
Cloud Forests – High mountains with heavy fog and mist.
Tropical Rainforests – More than 200 cm annual rainfall with warm-hot temperatures year round.
Rapid decomposition and nutrient cycling.
Thin soil cannot support continued cropping, and cannot resist erosion.
Minimum Viable populations
Founder Effect
- few individuals start a new population
- Demographic individuals survive catastrophe.
- Genetic drift
- Random reduction in gene frequency.
- Inbreeding
- Mating between related individuals.
International Wildlife treaties.
Conventional trade in Endangered species (CITES) – 1975
Regulated trade in living specimens and products derived from listed species.
Endangered Species Act.
- In 2002, us had 1,260 species on its endangered species and threatened list, and 213 candidate species waiting for consideration.
Number reflects more about human interests that actuals status.
-Invertbrates make up 75% of all species, but only (% of T/E list.
Listing process is extremely slow.
Predator and pest control.
Many animal pobulations have greatly reduced or been exterminated because they are regarded as dangerous to humans or livestock.
Animal control costs $20 million in federal and state fundws annually.
-700 birds and mammals annual.
- 100,000 coyotoes.
Natural Causes of extinction.
Fossil Records suggests more than 99% of all species ever in existence before humans arrived.
-end of cretaceous- dinsaurs and 50% of existing genera disappeared.
-permian period – 2/3 of all marine species and nearly half of all plant and animal families died out.
Critical Aquatic Charerteristics
- dissolved substances
- suspended matter
- depth
- temperature
- flow rate
- bottom characteristics
- Internal convective currents.
- Connectivity to other aquatic ecosystems.
-
Conifer trees.
-Needle like leaves with waxy coatings
-minimize water loss.
Boreal Forests
Nothern coniferous forests.
Taiga
-Northernmost edge of boreal forest.
Temperature Rainforests
-Pcacific Northwest.
Biomes
Biomes – areas sharing similar climate,
Topographic and soil conditions, and roughly comparable communities,
Temperature and precipitation are among the most important determinats in biome distribution.
- Evapotranspiration
- _Influenced by prevailing landforms.
Grasslands
- Communities of grasses, seasonal herbaceous flowering plants, and open savannas.
- -flew tree due to inadequate rainfall.
- Large daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations.
- -frequent fluctuations.
- -Historica grazing by roaming by herds of large ungulates.
