If I could ask all slash fans to answer two questions, it would be "how do you define slash?" and "what do you like about slash?" because I'm so curious about how close those answers are for most people. -- torch
I've been thinking recently about my deal with slash (not for the first time or anything, but I've never put it all together in writing before), ever since bettyp had a few days off and spent them analyzing how we define slash and the discussion led torch to ask the above question. Leaving aside for the moment things like usage shifts and the way people often conflate several different ideas and use the same word interchangeably to refer to those ideas, I think the first thing to do when talking about a complex definition (that is, one which includes several components) is to list the components… so I'm just going to go with the standard working definition and say that the two main components of slash are that it's about relationships that are a) same-sex and b) non-canonical. (Heather threw in subversive as a third component, which I disagree with because I think it's a function rather than a feature of slash, but I do agree that writing about either of the first two can be considered a subversive act).
Anyway, the problem that immediately comes out of this is that—assuming you can agree on the components in the first place—sometimes they're not all present and you have to decide how inclusive you want the category in question to be, how useful for you it is to have it be inclusive to that degree. Interestingly enough, I realized this about Mary Sues before I ever even bothered thinking about slash, because I'd see people arguing about whether the defining component was idealization or self-insertion and just be like, but don't you get it…? The point is, it's both. Except, confusingly, when it's not both—because that can and does happen too. Certainly in the case of slash the same-sex component is often enough for stories to be treated as slash, even if the writer isn't actively "slashing" because it's a canonical relationship... hm, maybe the verb should have a separate definition than the noun, in which case I could totally see "subvert" as one of the meanings. But how do we decide which components get priority or get included to begin with?
I think the answer, if there is one, is that it's a question of what the components have in common when it comes to the purpose each of them serves in the function of the definition itself as a whole. In other words, when you're defining something, what are you trying to do and why? Why do we care about the definition of slash anyway? And because our reasons for caring about things are so varied that what's relevant in a definition has everything to do with what we're using that definition for (if you look up the definition of the word definition itself it talks about breaking it down into explanation, description, and so on), I don't think you can have the answer to either question without the other. Or without considering the question of what category liking what you like puts you into.
Obviously which question people choose to focus on (if any) is going to depend on the individual in question, but I think it's absolutely fascinating how figuring out a definition of slash so quickly and easily becomes one of personal identity, sexual and otherwise. (Naturally this fascinates me because I think almost all questions come down to that, but whatever…). I've heard people talk about slash in terms of their sexual orientation before, but it kind of irked me when I heard it this time around and I needed to think about why for a while. Mostly I think it's because I have a lot of jealousy of people whose sexual orientation is one that could be described in terms relating to gender instead of to pathology. And most people would agree that the traditional set of labels we have for defining our sexuality leaves something to be desired anyway, even people who may happen to fit neatly into one of those categories, but I think what annoys me about people defining themselves as slashers in a primary or exclusive way is that it makes me feel, well, unnecessarily excluded (which has always been my problem with identity politics in general...). Because saying you're a slasher means you like slash--the way the term is commonly used, it doesn't mean, I'll read whatever gets me off which may or may not include slash depending on the particular writer/pairing/fandom/type of story--it means, you like slash. It's an exclusive label.
It's also a pain in the ass because I feel marginalized, since on the one hand I'm not not a slasher, but... if the purpose of defining slash & self-identifying as a slasher is to create and participate in a community--which for right now let's just say that it is, although there may be other reasons too--and I actually do participate in that community, then logically the community needs to expand its definition of slash (or feminism, or bisexuality, or whatever) to include my experience or just admit that there's a problem with insisting that these definitions are anything more than useful shorthand and stop treating them as if they're something real and essential. I mean, I get that as with everything in life, sometimes you want to just be with other people who get it in exactly the same way you do, and other times to be with people with whom you have illuminating differences, and both those things are crucial. And I don't want to come across as being all dismissive of people for whom slash really has a significance that is absolutely alien to me, but… I really just don't get it. (Or rather I do get it, but it troubles me for reasons which I will not go into at this juncture). Because to me one of the main reasons for being in fandom is to get to bring together as many of my categories as possible, not subcategorize myself further into… well, a what, rather than a who, you know?
Aside from my personal issues with any kink (including slash) as a sexual orientation, I think one of the things I have trouble with about labeling sexuality like that is that if you believe the whole queer theory assumption that gender, sexuality, desire, and the normative and/or deviant nature of any of these things are socially constructed (which is not to say that they are any less deep or fundamental as a result) why would you buy into that by taking any particular set of labels seriously? Because I tend to believe that sexuality is a fluid, idiosyncratic thing, and can be of other kinds and exist along so many other continuums than the ones commonly acknowledged--and I think people can be repressed, but trust me when I say that in my personal and professional experience, there are very few people who are "straight" or "normal" when it comes to their sexuality regardless of their gender preferences. I think what I'm trying to say is that for me, seeing slash or sexual orientation period as inherently about any one thing is a problem because I lean towards the anti-essentialist view that nothing is inherently anything... or rather, that there is no one essential quality that makes something what it is when taken apart from all the other qualities that make up that thing's identity.
Like, I don't think there's a lot of middle ground here because I'm a hardcore nominalist--obviously I find categories useful in making sense of the world as we all do, but they're only liberating or even, uh, true (and I'd qualify my use of the word "truth" a lot further except I'm already worried that I've lost most of my audience by this point since this is supposedly the fandom blog, not a philosophy one, but, I'm trying not to be overly technical, I swear) if I can get them so incredibly narrow as to create a set of which only one member exists, me. It's only by getting my categories that narrow that I can appreciate the uniqueness of things--people--in a way that I can't when I leave them broad and open and undefined. For me it's a better thing to have more rather than less information, because details like, the first person I was ever in love with was a girl, the last time I had sex it was like a drug, have you read this book, are going to tell me more about someone than a category which may allow room for differences between members, but will never really render the distinctive features that make us who we are.
What all of this means is that while the definitions are useful and certainly it's important to acknowledge that, I'm not sure that it works for me to categorize what I am (queer, feminist, a slasher, never mind my sexual orientation which I've never thought of as mainly about gender at all so then how can I be bi or straight?) when it comes to this stuff as opposed to, you know, how my mind works or why I like what I like. So I guess I wouldn't even define myself as a slasher for the very reasons I think I am one--because one of the main reasons I like slash (when I like it) is because it doesn't always insist on viewing desire and identity and sexuality in terms of gender, thus allowing for the uniqueness and complexity of individuals--of us as human beings--and the appreciation of ambiguity and passion and need in a much less limited and more realistic way. I also think that it's tied up with my feelings about sex & the power in knowing forbidden things, but I think that's one of the underlying drives that's directed my entire life--and I like certain types of slash stories because they lend themselves to the exploration of power dynamics and emotional issues of trust and betrayal, intimacy and risk, that I'm drawn to regardless of where I see them.
And of course that's another reason I have trouble with calling myself a slasher--because it's really hard to separate my feelings about slash from my feelings about slash fandom and fandom period, since it's not like there's something I get from slash specifically that I can't get from het or gen that meets my mental and emotional needs just as well. In fact, in some ways better, because I do see some sexism and even misogyny among slashers and in slash fiction. (Ins and I actually ran a panel on this at Escapade, but it had to be scheduled as alternate programming which kind of said something right there). However, although these things manifest differently in slash (for obvious reasons), I also see sexism and misogyny in a lot of het fiction too and it bothers me wherever I see it, so I'm not going to pick on slash today. I will just say that I feel I could never be exclusively interested in it because of the one step remove from women writing about sex for other women, but not writing about women, when they write slash--which is not to say I don't understand and get off on the fantasy and projection of reading about men too, but I relate to women much more because I am one... so any genre where they're consistently absent or less important isn't going to be able to meet all of my needs.
Oh, and before anyone starts going hey, what about f/f slash, I'll just add that a lack of men wouldn't meet all my needs any more than a lack of women does because men are a part of life too, even for women who aren't interested in them sexually--and besides, femslash is marginalized within the traditional slash community to some extent as well (starting with the fact that it has a separate name). Not only are a lot of female writers of m/m slash simply uninterested in f/f, many are actively uncomfortable with it (for reasons I won't even go into because that's another rant)--a few to the point of saying it shouldn't even be called slash at all. And again, while I must reiterate that none of this is limited to slash (because it's so not, even though okay, apparently maybe I am gonna pick on it a little), I find prejudice like that ridiculous.
It's like with sex work, you've got dancers and dominatrices and escorts, and the dancers are all, I may take my clothes off, but no one ever touches me and the doms and escorts are like, yeah, but anyone with the price of a couple of beers can see your tits, whereas the escort is like, I may have sex but I'm getting paid a few hundred dollars and it's private and I don't have to do anything weird, and the dominatrix is all, I'm in charge and I don't even have to take my clothes off and I'm certainly not having sex with any of these guys and the escorts and dancers are like, but you do all sorts of sick, kinky shit and I would never do that, and you see where this is going... So I've never been surprised that that sort of bullshit exists, but I completely lack patience when it comes to dealing with it. Which should be another post too probably, but these things are all intertwined...
I recently met a girl in Smallville fandom who upon meeting me told me apologetically "I write hetfic", and I was like, yeah, and? I mean, so fucking what? But I've been around long enough to know that there's a reason for her attitude, because there is definitely a healthy streak of anti-het prejudice alive and well among some slashers--not all, and not many of the ones I'd want to hang out with, probably, but it's there. However, what struck me about the whole encounter is that I was left going, why does this girl, a relative newcomer to fandom, care if people like what she writes or not? Obviously some people are more secure than others and getting involved in online fandom as a twenty-nine year old woman with a lot of other life experiences to compare it to made me more secure than than if I'd gotten into it as a fifteen year old girl, but the point I wanted to make is that in addition to my other experiences I also had experience with zine fandom as a fifteen year old girl and I think that made a huge difference for me.
I think one of the reasons I don't write any more has to do with the Internet and the nature of laziness and instant gratification. I wouldn't go back, but I think for me part of what made me write the stories I did write way back when was that I looked at all the stories I'd seen doing a particular fandom cliche (eg. Cally comforts Avon by sleeping with him post-"Rumours of Death", for anyone who was into B7) and was just like, no, it wouldn't have gone down like that. But the thing is, the amount of stories I could find to look at was so limited that it was easy to conclude that no one had gotten it right yet, so I had to write it… With the advent of the Internet, the pool of stories to search through became much larger and instead of being forced to rely on my own devices, much more often as soon as I thought of something I could find it, or something close enough to it that I lost that edge of need that might have otherwise impelled me to write about it myself.
The other thing that was good about the print zine world was that I had no way of knowing who most of the people were, and I didn't care—sure, I realized that older people had the means and the interest to get more involved and go to more cons and publish zines and stuff, but I was just in it for the reading and writing and I struck up my correspondences and acquaintanceships the same way I do online…and it was a slow process, writing to people, writing LoCs (and submitting stories occasionally—the submission process was another thing that forced interaction, so it didn't just feel like posting into a void as self-publishing can—someone had to tell you if the story was any good or not). It still is. I'm not even sure what my point is, but maybe it's that I wasn't looking for more acceptance than I found—I never had a story rejected, but I feel like because there were fewer people involved, people were more inclined to accept you for just being there. I mean, if you were into an unpopular pairing, you just kind of nursed your obsession and wrote your fic in secret (or with the few other people you'd discovered who would deal with or were actually into said pairing), but at least in my experience there wasn't this sense that it was some kind of a fannish failing that made you uncool or unpopular or unfit to hang out with the really hip fans. (Cutting all sorts of stuff about character identification and fandom status because this entry is already five pages long in Word). Maybe because I was so young and most of the people seemed older I felt like I was taken seriously just because they let me participate at all, but I wasn't interested in the politics of the fan fiction culture--or rather, I was interested in much the same way I am now, considering that it was like, all gossip about the actors and thirdhand accounts of drama between big name fans who were never even identified half the time and I was just like, this shit really goes down? Who knew? But wait, yeah, that makes sense, of course it must.
And this isn't one of those online fandom has ruined everything and it was so much better in the old days rants, by any means--because I'd probably still be buying a few zines a year when I could afford them, but I wouldn't be here now if it weren't for the Internet--but it's also true that fans didn't write about each other or about fandom nearly so much, um, back in the day (and you can't imagine how entertaining it is to me that I can say that, because how could I have imagined that all those hours devoted to my secret life and lonely obsession would potentially translate into some equivalent of fannish street cred? Not that I think I have a ton of it or anything, but even inconsistently it's been, God, almost twenty years). But I do think the visibility of being in online fandom, as well as the fact that there's just so much more of it, leads people to self-classify more and place more importance on doing so. And again, while I appreciate the usefulness of doing that and do it myself when I feel it's helpful, the problem with dividing people into categories of any kind is that by trying to seek neat definitions we often miss out on a true and accurate description of the whole person. So.
I like some slash stories, I'm part of the slash community, it's not an exclusive thing and it doesn't have to be any more than the fact that I have blue eyes is mutually exclusive with, I don't know, my birthday or my religion or that I like to eat pizza--what I'm trying to say with all of this is that I look at fandom as a place I go to be more of my self. I want it to be inclusive. And maybe--no, definitely--I have those early fandom acquaintances (as well as my friends now) to thank for making me feel that way, and for making me feel accepted... with all my individual traits intact.