³oùئ¬¶°¤F°ª¤âªº½m¥\¤jªk¡A¬Ý¤F·Ó½m¤]¯à´£¤É¥\¤O¡C
°ª¤â¦U¦Û¦³¿Wªù½m¥\ªk¡A¦U®a¦U¬£½mªk¤£¦P¡C¥Dn¬£§On¦C¦b¤U±¡AÂI¿ï³ß·Rªº°Ñ¦Ò°Ñ¦Ò§a¡I
¹ê¾Ô¬£ |
¤¤¶¡¬£ |
¥´ÃЬ£ |
¡@ |
¡@ |
¡@
¡@
JºaµØ¤Ñ¤Ñ¤U´Ñ
ºK¦Û¡mJºaµØ¦Û¾Ô¸Ñ»¡ÃСn§Ç¨¥
JºaµØ¼g¹L½s¦Û§Ú¤p¶Ç¥N§Ç¡A¥L±q¨S¦³´£°_¥´ÃСAÁ`¬O»¡¦Û¤v¬Æ»ò®ÉÔ©M¬Æ»ò¤H¤U´Ñ¡A¥L©M³ò´ÑªºÂ¿½Ã¥¥i»¡¬O¹ê¾Ôªø´Ñ¬£ªº¥Nªí¤Hª«¡CJè¾Ç¤U´Ñ®É¡G
¡u§Ú¾Ç·|¨®¡B°¨¡B¬¶¨«ªk«á¡A¶}©l¦b¾Ç®Õùاä¦P¾Ç¤U´Ñ¡C«Ü§Ö¡A¦P¾Ç̳£¤£¬O§Úªº¹ï¤â¤F¡A©ó¬OÂà¨ìùا˧ä¦P¦ñ¤U´Ñ¡A¦ý¦~Ä֬ۥ骺«Ä¤l·|¤U´Ñªº¤£¦h¡A§Ú´N§ä¤j¤H¡y¤ñÁÉ¡C¡z¡v
«Ü§Ö¡A¥L´N¨ì´ÑÅu©M¦¨¦~¤H¹ï«³¡G
¡u¦b¤p¾Ç¡A§Ú«Ü§Ö¦¨¤F¾Ç®Õªº´Ñ¤j¤ý¡A¨C¤Ñ©ñ¾Ç¦^®a¡A´N§ä¤H±þ´X½L¡C¦pªG¹ê¦b§ä¤£¨ì¤H¡A´N¨ìªþªñªº¤@Ó´ÑÅu¤W¥h¬Ý§O¤H¤U´Ñ¡C°O±o·í®É騴ÑÅuªº¬O¤@Ó¤ñ¸ûÀH©Mªº¤¤¦~¤H¡C¦]¬°§Ú¸g±`¥h¬Ý´Ñ¡A©Ò¥HÅu¥D¤]»{ÃѤF§Ú¡C¤@¤Ñ¤]³\¬O¥Í·N¤ñ¸û²M²H¡AÅu¥D´N¥D°Ê©Û©I§Ú¤W¥h©M§O¤H¤U´Ñ......§Ú·í®É¥u¦³¤Q·³¦h¤@ÂI¡A¤@¯ë¤j¤Hþ·|§â§Ú©ñ¦b²´ùØ¡A¨S·Q¨ì§Ú³º±µ³s³Ó¤F´X½L¡A´«¤F´XÓ¹ï¤â¡A§Ú¤@Ó¦hÄÁÂIùئ@³Ó¤F¤Q¤G½L......Åu¥D¤]¤Q¤À°ª¿³¡An§Ú¸g±`¥hª±......¡v
1957¦~®L¤Ñ¡AJºaµØ12·³¡A¹Ü±o¤W®ü¤p¾Ç¥Í«ax¡C´Ñ¤ýÁ«L»¹Åý¨â¥ý©MJ¤U¤F¤@½L©M´Ñ¡C·íµM¡A¹ï¤p¾Ç¥Í¡A¥jµ}¤§¦~ªºÁ«L»¹¥¼¥²¤U±o«Ü»{¯u¡C¥i¥H»{¬°J©M·í®Éªº¤@¬y¦W¤â¬ù®t¤@°¨¥ª¥k¡A¥H¤p¾Ç¥Í¨Ó»¡¤w«Ü¤F¤£°_¡A¥H«áªº½m²ß¤´¥H¤U´Ñ¬°¥D¡G
¡u......·í®É¦³¤H¤¶²Ð§Ú¨ì¤W®ü«°¶ª¼q±o·N¼Ó¯ù«Ç¤º¥h¤U´Ñ......·í®Éªíºtªºµ{§Ç¬O¥ý¥Ñ¨â¦ì¦W¤â¹ï«³ªíºt¡AµM«á¥Ñ§Ú³o¼Ëªº¤p¤£ÂI»P¨Ó»«¥æ¾Ô¡A§@¬°¾l¿³¸`¥Ø......¡v
«á¨Ó¥L»{ÃѤF¦W¤â®}¤j¼y¡A®}¥i¥H»¡¬OJªº®¦®v¡A±Ð¾Ç¤èªk¬OÅý¥L©M°ª¤â¹ê¾Ô¡G
¡u......¨C¬P´Á¦³¤@Ó¤U¤È¡A(®}¤j¼y)Åý§Ú¨ì¤j¥@¬É´å¼Ö³õ¥hÀ³¾Ô¨Ó»«......§Ú´¿©M¦b¨ºùØ©M¥»¥«¡£À]¥D«ö¡G«ü¤W®ü¡¤¦UÓµó¹Dªº¤@¨Ç§Ë°ó¤j¤ý¤ñ¸Õ°ª§C¡A¦}±q©M¥L̪º¥æ¾W¤¤±o¨ì«Ü¦nªºÁë·Ò¡C¡v
¡u......³q¹L®}¤j¼y¦Ñ®vªº¤¶²Ð¡A§Ú±o¨ì¹L¦ó¶¶¦w¡B®}¤Ñ§Q¡B´f¹|²»¡B§õ¸q®xµ¥¦W¤âªº¹ê¾Ô«ü¾É......¡v
1959¦~1¤ë¡AJºaµØ¶i¤J¤W®ü´Ñ¶¤¡A¦P¶¤¦³¦ó¶¶¦w¡A®}¤Ñ§Q¡A³¯©_¡C°V½m¤]´N¬O¤Ñ¤Ñ¤U´Ñ¡AJºaµØ³sÄò¿é¤F´XÓ¤ë¡C¦ôp¥L¶i¶¤®É´Ñ¤O©M¦ó¡B®}ÁÙ®t¤@¥ý¥H¤W¡A§_«h¤£·|¥þt¡G
¡u¦b¶¤¤º¥LÌ(¦ó¶¶¦w¡B®}¤Ñ§Q¡B³¯©_)³£Ãö¤ß§Ú³oÓ¤p¾Ç¥Í¡A¤Ñ¤Ñ©M§Ú¤U´Ñ¡AÀ°§Ú¤À¬lþ¤@¨B´Ñ¤U±o¦n¡Aþ¤@¨B´Ñ¤U±o¤£¦n¡C¦ý¨Ï§Ú¶Ë¤ßªº¬O¡A¶i¶¤¦n´XÓ¤ë¡A§Ú¬O¤U¤@½L¿é¤@½L¡A¦n¹³¥L̪º´ÑÃÀ¥Ã»·¬O°ª¤£¥iÃk¡A²`¤£¥i´ú¡C°ß¤@¥i¥H©ñ¤ßªº¬O¡A§Ú¿é¤F¥H«á¡A¥Ḻq¤£©Ç³d¡AÁ`¬O¹ªÀy§Ú¡y¦n¦n¦a¦A·Q¤@·Q¡z¡C³sÄò¿é¤F¦n´XÓ¤ë«á¡A²×©ó¥X²{¤FÂà¾÷¡A§Ú©M¦ó¶¶¦w¹ï«³®É©M¤F¤@½L¡A³o¬O§Ú¦b¤W®ü¶¤ªº¡y¹sªº¬ð¯}¡z¡C¦ó¶¶¦wÅå³ß¦a»¡¡G¡y¤p°¡A¤£Â²³æ§r¡I¡z¨º¤@¤Ñ§Ú·P¨ì¤ÑªÅ¯S§O°ª¡B¯S§OÂÅ¡B¯S§O´¸®Ô¡C¡v
¦P¦~10¤ëJºaµØ¹Ü±o¤W®ü²Ä3¦W¡A60¦~10¤ë´N¹Ü±o¥þ°ê«ax¡C¶i¨B¤§§ÖÅå¤H¡C
·¨©x¿Z¨g©î´Ñ§½
ºK¦Û¡m«³ªLºëµØ¡n
·¨©x¿Z¬O¥´ÃЬ£¡Aªá¤j¶q®É¶¡©î´Ñ¡A¥ú¬O´Ý§½´N©î¤F´X¦~¡AÃø©Ç¥Lªº´Ý§½¤Ñ¤U²Ä¤@¡A½Ð¬Ý¡G
¡u°O±o§Úµ£¦~ªì¾Ç¶H´Ñªº®ÉÔ¡Aº¥ýºæ«©ó´Ý§½¤è±¡A¹ï¦UºØ¹ê¥Î´Ý§½©M¦¿´ò´Ñ§½µ¥¡A¤£¹½¨ä·Ð¦a¾Ç²ß©îªk¡C³o¼Ë¸g¹L¤F´X¦~ÁëÁ大«á¡AÄ~Äò¦A¬ã¨s§G§½ªº§Î¶Õ©M¤¤§½ªºÅܤơA¤Î¡£ÄÇ¡¤³æÂù°¨§½µ¥¡C·í®É§Ú¤S¼sªx¾\Ū¥ý¶iªÌªº³Ð§@¡AÉ¥H§l¨ú«e¤Hªº¸gÅç¡C¥H«á¡Aºæ«¦bÁ{§½¤W¥Î¥\¡A¬°¤Fª§¨úÁ{³õ¸gÅç¡A±`©M¦U¦a´Ñ¤â¹ï§½¡C¡v
¿½Ã¥©é©R¤U´Ñ
ºK¦Û¡m§Úªº³ò´Ñ¤§¸ô¡n
³ò´Ñ°ê¤â¿½Ã¥¥D±i¦h¤U´Ñ¡A¤Ö¥´ÃСA½Ð¬Ý¡G
¡u......¥´ÃЩTµM«n¡A¦ý§ó«nªº¬O¹ê½î¡A¥u¦³¦b¹ê¾Ô¹ï§½¤¤¡A¤~¯àÀËÅç¦Û¤vªº»{ÃÑ©M·Qªk¬O§_¥¿½T¡C§Ú¥D±i¤U´Ñ©M¥´ÃЪº¤ñ¨ÒÀ³¸Ó¬O¤C¤ñ¤T¡A¬Æ¦Ü¤K¤ñ¤G¡A¤E¤ñ¤@¡A§Ú̦³¨Ç´Ñ¤â§â¤j¶qªº®É¶¡¥Î¦b¥´ÃФW¡A«o«Ü¤Ö¤U´Ñ¡A¥¼§K¦³ÂI¥»¥¼Ë¸m¤F¡C¤é¥»´Ñ¤âªº¡y·Pı¡z¤§©Ò¥H¤ñ§ÚÌn±j¤@¨Ç¡AÃöÁä´N¦b©ó¥L̴ѤU±o¦h¡C¡v
- ºK¦Û¡m§Úªº®¦®vÌ¡n¤@³¹
¤@¤E¤C¤G¦~¡£¤å²«á´Á¡¤Â¿½Ã¥³Q½Õ¥ô¶¢Â¾¡A¤é¶¡±`§ä³¯×üw¡B§d²S²Æ¡B¤ý¦¼«n¡BµØ¥Hè¤U´Ñ¡C¿¦^¾Ð³o¬q®É´Áªº¥Í¬¡¡A´N¬O¤U´Ñ¡G
¡u......¡£¤@¤E¤C¤G¦~¡¤¨º®É§Ú¥Õ¤Ñ¤U´Ñ¡A±ß¤W¦A§â¤é¶¡©Ò¤Uªº´ÑÂ\¥X¨Ó¤ÏÂЬã¨s¡Aª½¦Ü²`©]¡A¦³®É«ä¸ô¤@Æp¶i´ÑùØ¡A§Ú´N·|§Ñ°O¤@¤Á¡CÄ´¦p¡A¤U§¹´ÑÃM¨®¦^®a¡A±`±`¦]¸£¤lùØÁÙ¦bWW«ä¦Ò´ÑùتºÅܤƦӡyÂô¬õ¿O¡z©ÎÃM¿ù¤F¸ô¡Cº¥º¥¦a¡A§ÚÅå³ß¦aµo²{¡A°£¤F³¯×üw¡A¹ï¨ä¥L´X¦ì°ê¤â§Ú¤v²¤¦ûÀu¶Õ¤F¡C¡v
¤@¤E¤C¤T¦~¤¤°ê¦¨¥ß´Ñ¶¤¡A¿¤]¬O¶¤û¡A¥L¤@¨£°ª¤â´N·|Äñ¦í¤H¤UÓ¨S§¹¨S¤F¡A½Ð¬Ý¡G
¡u......1972~1973¦~¬O§Ú¾Ç²ß³ò´Ñ³Ì¨g¼öªº®É´Á¡C¨º®É¡A§Ú¤U°_´Ñ¨Ó´X¥G±q¤£·Pı¨ì²Ö¡C¶°°V¶¤ªº°V½m¬O«Üºò±iªº¡A¤@©P¦Ü¤Ön¤U¤T~¥|§½¡£°V½m¤ñÁÉ¡¤¡A¹ï¦³´Ñ¤â¨Ó»¡¡A¤T~¥|§½¥¿³Wªº¤ñÁɤvı±o¬Û·í²Ö¤F¡A¦ý»·»·º¡¨¬¤£¤F§Úªº»Ýn¡C°£¤F°V½m¤ñÁÉ¡A§Ú§â¥þ³¡ªº·~¾l®É¶¡³£¥Î¨Ó¤U´Ñ¡A¥un¦³¤H©^¿¡A§Ú¯à±q¦¤W¤@ª½¤U¨ì²`©]¡C·í®É¡A¶°°V¶¤ùتº°ª¤â̳̩ȳQ§ÚÄñ¦í¤U´Ñ¡A¦]¬°¤@¤U°_¨Ó¡A¥L̾ƤF¡A§Ú¦ÛµM¤£ªÖ©ñ¥L̨«¡A¿é¤F¡A¥L̦ۤv¤S¤£¥Ì¤ß¡A©Ò¥H©¹©¹¬O¤UÓ¨S§¹¨S¤F¡C¥HP¤@¨ì©P¥¼¡A½Ñ¦ì°ê¤â«K¹ï§Ú·q¦Ó»·¤§¡A±ß¶º«á¥ß§Y°k¤§¤Ô¤Ô¡A°ß®£³Q§ÚÄñ¦í¦Ó¤£±o²æ¨¡C§Ú´±ªÖ©w»¡¡A¨º¤@¬q®É´Á§Ú¤U´Ñªº§½¼Æ¤§¦h¶W¹L¥ô¦ó¤T¦W¶°°V¶¤û¥[°_¨Óªº¹ï§½Á`¼Æ¡C³oºØ©é©R¦¡ªº§V¤O·íµM¤]±o¨ì¤F³øÀv¡A¦b¶°°V¶¤ªº¤º³¡¤ñÁɤ¤¡A§Ú±`±`Àò²Ä¤@¦W¡C¡v
- ºK¦Û¡m©R¹BªºÂà§éÂI¡n¤@³¹
¥Ð¤t¤¦³X°Ý³ò´Ñ®õ¤æ§d²M·½¡A§â³X½Í®Éªº¹ïµª½s¦¨®Ñ¡C
¨ì§d¤Q¤T·³(20¦~¥N)®É¡A¤w¾Ô³Ó¤¤°ê¤@¬y°ª¤â¨L¶³®p(§d»{¬°¨L©M·í®É¤é¥»¤@¬y°ª¤â¬ù®t¤G¡B¤T¤l)¡F¤Q¥|·³ªF´ç¤é¥»¡A¤é¥»´Ñ°|±Â¤©¤T¬q(¬ù¬Û·í©ó¤µ¤Ñ¤¬q)¡C¥L¤Ö¦~´N¦³°ª¬q¹ê¤O(¤Ö¦~¶i¤J´Ñ°|¾Ç²ß¡A¤Q¤G¡B¤T·³®É¤Jªì¬q¤w¬O¤Ñ¤~)¡A°£¤Ñ¸ê¥~¡A½m²ß¤èªk¦³µL¯S§O¤§³B¡H½Ð¬Ý¡G
[¥Ð¤t¡G......§A¬O«ç¼Ë¾Ç²ßªº©O¡H
§d¡G§Ú·í®É§â®aùتº¨qµ¦¡m³ò´Ñ¦Ê§½¡nµ¥´Ñ®Ñ±qÀY¨ì§À¥J²Ó¦a¬ã¨s¹L¤@¹M¡A¦]¬°¤]¨S¦³¬Æ»ò¨Æ¦n°µ¡A©Ò¥H§Ú¤@¤Ñ¨ì±ß³£¦b¥´ÃÐ......]
- ºK¦Û¡m¦Û¾Ç¡n¤@³¹
¾¤¤l°·¥´Ãйê¾Ô
ºK¦Û¡m´Ñ¾Â¯µ¶ø¿ý¡n
¾¤¤l°·¬O¤¡B¤»¤Q¦~¥N»´ä´Ñ¤ý¡C¥LªºµÛ§@¦³¤@³¹±MªùÁ¿½m´Ñ¡A»{¬°¶}¡B´Ý§½¾a¥´ÃСA¤¤§½¾a¹ê¾Ô¡G
¡un¶H´Ñ¤U±o¦n¡A¥²©wn§â¶}§½¡B¤¤§½©M´Ý§½¤TªÌ¤À§O½m²ß¡A¦P®É³æ¾a¹ï«³¡AÁÙ¤£¬O³Ì¦nªº¤èªk¡A¤@©wn¦b¹ï«³¤§«á¡A¦A¥[¤W°Ñ¦Ò´ÑÃСAµM«á¥i¥H¾Ç±o¦n¡C¡v
¶}§½¡G
¡u......²{¦b§{¶¡¥X°âªº§G§½±M®Ñ¡A¼Æ¶q¤]¦³¤£¤Ö¡AŪªÌ̤j¥i¥H¿ïÁʤ@¨Ç¾A¥Îªº¡A§@°Ñ¦Ò¤§¥Î¡A¤@¤è±¤S¥i¼ô½m¶}§½ªºªù®|¡C¡v
¤¤§½¡G
¡u......¤¤Åܪº½m²ß¡A¨S¦³±¶®|¥i¨«¡A¬O±q¸gÅçÁëÁå¥X¨Ó¡A¸gÅç«on¹ï«³±o¦h¡A¤~¯à¦Ñ¨ì¡A©Ò¥H·Q¨«±¶®|¡A¬Oµ´¹ï¨S¦³¥i¯àªº¡C¤£¹L¦b¹ï«³¤§¾l¡A¥t¥~§ä¨Ç¦W¤â¹ï§½¬Ý¬Ý¡A¬O¦h¤Ö¦³¨ÇÀ°§Uªº¡C¡v
¡u......¤U³õ¤§«e¡A³Ì¦n¹w¥ýÁn©ú¡A½Ð¹ï¤â¦b¦Û¤v¥¢¥ý©Î¨«¥X¤ò¯fªº®ÉÔ¡Aµ¹§A¤@Ó»¡©ú¡An¬O¥LªÖ¸Ñ»¡§ï¨ººæ¸û¨Î¡A¨º·íµM§ó¦n¡C·í§A¬JµM¾å±o¤F¨º¤@¨B¥Í¤ò¯f¡A«K¥i¥H¦b«³§¹¤§«á¡A¦A¦¸Â\¥X¨Ó¡AÀË°Q¤ÀªR¡A¤~¨M©w¤U¦¸ªº¾Ô²¤¡A¨º»ò´Nºâ¿é¤F¡A¤]¥i¥H±o¯q¡C¡v
¡u³Ì¾A¦Xªº¹ï¤â¬O¤@Ó¤ñ¦Û¤v°ª¨â¥ýªº¤H¡A¦]¬°³o¼Ë¬J¥i§K¿é±o¤Ó¤£¹³¼Ë¡A¦P®É¤S¥i¥H´`§Çº¥¶i¡C¤£¹L¨Ã¤£®e©ö±`±`³£¸I¨ì³oºØ¾A·íªº¹ï¶H¡A«K¸ò¨º¨Ç¸û°ªªº´Ñ¤âÅý¤@¨Ç¤]µL§«¡A³Ì¦nªº¬O¦pªG¹ï¤è¥i¥HÅý§A¤@°¨©Î¤T¥ýªº¸Ü¡A¤£§«¸ò¥L¤U¨â¥ý¡£¾lÃþ±À¡¤Ãk°ª¤@ÂI¡AºÉ¶q±º¨¯W´Ñ¡A¹ï«³®Én¯d·N¥L·m¥ýªº§®ºæ¡AÚ±o¹L«á¥[¥HÅÜ©î¡C³o¼Ë¦³¤F·Ç³Æ¡A¨ì¦A¥æ®É¥i¤£ª´«ÁЬGÂá¡AÁöµM¥LÁÙ¬O¥i¥H§O¥X©_¿Ñ¨î³Ó¡A¥i¬O¤@¸g¹L¬Û·í®É¶¡¡A«K·|¦³§Þ½a¤§·P¡A¦Ó¶·Åý¤Ö¨Ç¡A¨º¥¼§A´N¦³¶i¨B¤F¡C¤£¹L³Ìn¯d·Nªº¡A´N¬O¥æ¤F¬Û·í®É´Á«á¡A§Yn¥t§ä§O¦ì¹ï¤â¡A¦]¬°¹ï¤U±o¤Ó¤[¡C©È´Ñ¸ô¤Ó¼ôªºÃö«Y¡A¤S·|¼vÅT¶i¨B¡C¡v
´Ý§½¡G
¡u¦Ü©ó´Ýºæ¡A¥i¥H¶R¨Ç´ÝºæÃС£§Y´Ñ§½®Ñ¡¤¯d·N©î¾\¡A¦b¾\Ūªº®ÉÔ¡A«o¤£¥i¬Ýºæªk¡A¥²¶·¥Î´Ñ¤l·Ó´Ñ¹ÏÂ\¸mÂi¤W¡A¦A±N´ÑÃб»®I¡AµM«á¯d·NÆ[¹î¡A¤S¤£¥i²¾°Ê´Ñ¤l¡Aªì®ÉÁöµM·|¨¯WÂI¡A¦ý¬O¸g¹L¬Û·í®É¶¡¡A§Y¥i¹Eº¥Æ[·Ç½T¡An¬O»{¬°·Q±o¶g±K¡A¦A®³´ÑÃЪººæªk¨Ó¤ñ¹ï¡A¦p¦]¤´¦³¤£§´¡A«h¦A·Q¹L¡A³o¼Ë¤UW¤u¡A¹ï©ó´Ýºæ¦³µL¸É§U¡A¦Ó¥B¥i¥H¼W¥[·Q´Ñªº¨B¼Æ¡C¡v
Lev Alburt ¥u©î¤@§½
ºK¦Û¡mTest and Improve Your Chess¡n
Lev Alburt ì¬OĬÁp°ê»Ú¶H´Ñ¤â¡A«á²¾©~¬ü°ê¡A¨ú±o¨â¦¸¬ü°ê«ax¡C¥LµÛ®Ñ½Í¤Î³»¯Å´Ñ¤âªº°V½m¯µ±K¡Aì¨Ó´N¬O§â©Ò¦³®É¶¡³£¥Î¨Ó©î¤@Ó§½±¡Aª½¦Ü©î³q«á¤~¥t©î¤@Ó§½±¡G
¡u......Too players have a training secret from which amateurs
could also greatly benefit - if only they know what it was! The trouble is that
most of the basic chess manuals disregard it completely, which the ones that do
suggest it (like Kotov's highly acclaimed Think Like a Grandmaster)
overlook many of its virtues.
Simply stated, it is as
follows: to borden your overall chess skills, choose one concrete position and
analyse it exhaustively. Only after you have painstakingly unearthed every
latent strategic idea and tactical naunce should you proceed to a different
position.
The immortal Aron
Nimzowitch was a staunch advocate of this didactic approach, and I too
wholeheartedly recommend it. I advise my students to devote their hours of
independent study to thorough research on a solitary position, be it a commonly
played set-up, instructive middlegame formation, critical tournament game,
complicated adjournment, or composed endgame study.
Initially, this system of
specialized learning may appear time-consuming and even monotonous. But if you
stick with it, your diligence will return generous rewards......¡v
Lev «Øijªº©î´Ñ®É¶¡¬O«Üªøªº¡G
¡u......For your introduction to the system of specialization, we invite
you to analyse (a position), and then compare your conclusions with mine...Take
as much time to analyse as you want or need (several sessions lasting one or two
hours each is recommended), and analyse at your own pace.¡v
- ºK¦Û¡mSpecialization I¡n¤@³¹
Kotov¬Ý´Ñ¤ßºâ
ºK¦Û¡mThink Like a Grandmaster¡n
¦b³o¥»¦WµÛùØ¡A¯S¯Å¤j®v Kotov ¥ý¦^ÅU¦Û¤v¦~«C®É°Ñ¥[¤ñÁɪº¹ï§½°O¿ý©Mµ§°O¡A¥[¤W°Ñ¦Ò°ª¤âªº´ÑÃСA»{¬°´ÑÃÀ°ª§C¨ú¨M©óºâ«×¯à¤O¡A¦Óºâ«×¯à¤O¬O¥i¥H°V½mªº¡A½Ð¬Ý^¤åª©¡G
¡uHaving examined the games of other players, particularly masters, and read
the occasional comments on this point that appeared in game annotations, I became
even more covinced that the ability to analyse clearly a sufficient number of
variation so as to clarify the position was the basic condition for success.
However, I also came to the conclusion that in their analysis some players make
various mistakes. Some examine a few lines to a considerable depth, others analyse
a large number of variations two or three moves deep. The correct solution is
to find the golden mean, especially as one is playing against a time limit.
It also became clear to me that the ability to orientate oneself in the labyrinth
of possible variations is not only a natural gift, but also the result of serious
and prolonged effort, and training.¡v
«ç¼Ë½m²ß©O¡H·í®É¡£¥|¤Q¦~¥N¡¤Kotov ½¹M¤F´Ñ®Ñ¡A³º¨S¦³¤@¥»½Í«ç¼Ë½mºâ«×ªº¡A¥L¥u¦n¦Û¦æ³]p½m²ßªk¡A¥Lªº¤èªk¦æ¤§¦³®Ä¡G
¡u How should one go about this training? Where was there a description of how
to train the discipline one's thought? There were no books on the subject, and
it did not seem possible to get help from anyone else, so I had to find for
myself. I chose a method which seemed to me the most rational, and fortunately
it was the right one. Ever since that time I have considered it the most effective
method to get good results.¡£À]¥D«ö¡G¾Ú®Ñ¤ºÁ¿¡AKotov ªì¥Î¦¹ªk®É¡AÁö¤w¬O¤@¨Ç¤ñÁɪº«ax¡A¦ýÁÙ¤£¹L¬OÓԸɤj®v¡C¥L«á¨Ó¦¨¬°¯S¯Å¤j®v¡A¥L»{¬°±o¤O©ó¦¹ªk¡¤
¡v
¤èªk»¡¬ï¤F¤]«Ü²³æ¡A´N¬O¬Ý´Ñ½L¤ßºâ¡AµM«á©M´Ñ®Ñ¹ï·Ó¡A½Ð¬Ý¥Lªº¨ãÅé°µªk¡G
¡uI selected form tournament books those games in which great complications had
arisen. Then I played them through on a board but when I reached the crucial
point where there were the greatest complications and the largest number of
possible variations I stopped reading the notes. I either put aside the book
or covered the page with a sheet of paper and set myself the task of think long
and hard so as to analyse all the possible variations. All the time I tried
to work myself into the frame of mind that I was sitting at the board in the
torunament room.
Having spent between half an hour and an hour on this this task I would sometimes (especially in very complex positions) write down the variations I had examined and then I would compare them with those of the annotator. At first there was a big discrepancy in favour of the latter, but then I learned how to widen my scope and examined each variation with considerable exactitude. Naturally I analysed without moving the pieces so as to make it just like a orurnament game.¡v
- ºK¦Û¡mDo you know how to Analyse?¡n¤@³¹