Problems, Conflicts and Crises in Marriage, and Solutions.

 

Marriage is basically for mutual care for which basic necessity is understanding and, unfortunately, the care is always tied up with expectations. Therefore any lacking in care, understanding or fulfillment of expectations in marriage brings problems to the unit. Having gone thro’ the positive side of marriage, i.e. the smooth marital life, and analysed the psychological complementaries, now we will see the negative side of marriage, i.e. conflicts and problems, and also find out the solutions.

Mainly problems in marriage arise on account of: -

I. Clash between (a) dependence and independence; (b) egoism and helplessness; (c) common interest and self-interest.

II. Ignorance of difference in natural attitudes and approaches between the two sexes.

III. Improper communication, communication-gap, misunderstanding and taken granted.

IV. Non-performance of duties and non-fulfillment of responsibilities.

V. The difference between the expectations (on account of personal values) and reality.

VI. Difference in economic perception.

VII. Dissatisfaction, insatiation, irritation, hurt and helplessness.

VIII. Egoism, selfishness and domination.

IX. Either of the partner, or the both, forgetting the common interest.

Any problem in marriage is on account of the following reasons: -

1 Egoism.

2 Lack of common interest.

3 Misunderstanding.

4 Conflict of preferences and personal values

5 Insatiation.

6 Dissatisfaction.

7 Discouraging (or not helping, or caring, for) the other’s personality development and personal hobbies so long it does not affect the family.

8 Creating and enjoying the other’s helplessness and insecurity.

9 Not adjusting to the other sex’s psychological differences.

10 Not keeping up the other’s trust.

11 Selfishness over mutuality.

12 Lack of performance of expected and accepted duties and responsibilities.

13 Notwithstanding the above, hurting for selfishness.

14 Not respecting the other’s individuality.

Therefore the required factors for marriage are: - trust, understanding, common-interest, care, helping for each other’s personality development, maturity of values and discipline.

In marriage, conflict is on account of: -

1. Attack on identity.

2. Lack of satisfaction and establishing such patterns.

3. Misunderstanding

4. Communication gap.

5. Lack of understanding and support during one’s emotions, and rubbing the spouse with negative attitude during that mood.

6. Non-performance of duties and responsibilities, and instead of accepting mistake, defending the mistake.

7. Different perceptions on priorities and lack of handling the issue jointly.

8. Self-interest over mutual interest – lack of properly understanding or lack of convincing.

9. Criticism is a psychological axe, hurts the feelings.

10.Not adhering to the principles of marriage like sexual diversity, creating insecurity, not caring, not adhering to the expected values.

To overcome conflicts and problems and misunderstandings, in marriage, the couple should: -

1. Establish free and frank communication.

2. Develop common interest, common and shared values.

3. Respect each other.

4. Love each other.

5. Understanding.

6. Sex with each other.

7. To maintain togetherness.

8. Turning the fight into opportunity for honesty and understanding.

9. Maintain intimacy outside bedroom, like touching, sudden hug, affectionate pet, teasing but pleasing tickles, sense of humour in common interest and shared values.

10. Trust, honesty, sincerity, patience, flexibility, adjustments, forgiveness, commitment to sexuality.

11. Spending time for togetherness with intimacy and love including for sex; commitment to sexuality.

12. Both the partners melting their ‘self’ into their ‘marital unit’ as one; but outside their marriage keeping up one’s individuality and helping the other for developing his/her personality on positive side.

13. Consultation, discussion but not arguments.

14. Accept and love spouse as he /she is.

15. Strictly in between the couple losing and giving-in is the success and both following this principle is the success of marriage.

16. Expanding common interest, views and values.

17. In any problem, crisis, conflict and misunderstanding, both should deal with the topic, or subject, rather than dealing with personalities of either especially on negative side, and amicable solve it with discussion and consultation of course ultimately beneficial to the family.

18. Maintaining unity, within which respecting the other’s individuality and allowing and helping the other’s personality development (materialistically, emotionally, sentimentally and spiritually).

19. Developing sentimental attachment between the couple.

20. Mutual interest should always win over self-interest in family.

21. Trying to resolve the issues within marriage and if at all outside help is required both should approach the ideas of the outsider.

22. Not complaining either about one’s marriage, or the spouse, outside marriage unless all the efforts and means are lost in marriage.

23. Disagreement is allowed but not disapproval.

24. Individuality is to be allowed in marriage not affecting the marriage, or family.

Conflict: - many couples get caught in the circles of conflict they hate but can’t seem to escape. Now, researchers who study the ways married people communicate are shedding new light on these patterns. They find three common threads: (1) the first is the need to save. “There is an image of yourself at stake that you feel you must defend, even though you know it is not going to get you anywhere”, says Linda Garris, the Asst. Prof. Of family studies at the University of Connecticut. There is attack on identity and the usual tendency is to defend and in the process the incident that triggered the dispute is lost;) 2) the second significant factor is misunderstanding; (3) the third common characteristic of recurring arguments is that the issue on the surface is seldom what the real discontentment is about. In fact, patterns of conflict are rooted more in the way of husbands and wives relate to each other than in any personal flaw. Linda Harris says that co-operating or actually giving in when you don’t want to, for the good of relationship, can work wonders in shattering destructive pattern. Sometimes recycled arguments are no more than annoyances, but other times they are real danger signals of an unhealthy relationship, says psychologist John Gottman, a Prof. at the University of Illinois. According to Gottman, unhealthy fighting frequently makes one of the three mistakes: - (1) they are too vague; (2) they make requests in a negative rather than a positive way; (3) they don’t listen. Therapists point out that in any intimate relationship, egos sometimes collide and personal styles grate. But if you establish a comfortable workable pattern of communication, the relationship will have room for fighting words as well as loving whispers.

In the book, ‘Marriage roses all the way’, the authors C.Northecote Parkinson, M.K.Rustomji and W.Vieira state that most marital conflicts arise out of three main problems: (1) Unrealistic expectations; (2) Lack of communication, understanding and empathy; (3) Widely differing value systems. The problem is many people look for a dream partner and refuse to see their prospective mate as he or she really is. Conflicts may also arise from different cultural, ethnic or religious backgrounds or from disappointment in sex, except in such partnership where both husband and wife are tolerant of each other’s views, attitudes and beliefs and even prejudices. The solution is, to be as objective as possible, and to accept each other the way you are. Don’t force changes in attitudes and habits, which have been cultivated over a lifetime. It’s not easy. Wide differences in values are often glossed over in the initial stages of a relationship it is assumed at the time that both parties are heading towards the same objectives at the same speed. When the breach is observed it is often too late. By then the dam has burst. Talking about goals and values helps to establish where each partner is heading. When there is sincere agreement on broad objectives, minor deviations an be taken care of by understanding and love. There is no value that survives unless it assaulted and survives that assault. Assault causes that value to be more deeply entrenched. If your marriage means anything to you, take care never to ridicule your partner’s religious beliefs and rituals, or to make him or her suspect that you think them unnecessary. The authors of the book add that even though it’s nice and romantic to speak of togetherness but too much of it in a marriage can become a disease.

Role-Play: - In her 1949 classic, ‘male and female’, anthropologist Margaret Mead says that there is only one biologically based constant: women’s role in all societies includes the bearing, nursing and primary care of children. When the same occupations, performed by men, are performed by women, they are regarded as less importance. In a great number of societies, men’s sureness of their sex role is ties up with their right, or ability, to practise same activity that women are not allowed to practise. Men’s need to have a role clearly distinguished from women’s can be traced to three fundamental differences between boys and girls: (1) a baby boy is different from his mother. The boy’s need to differentiate himself from his mother has consequences for adult relationships; (2) men can’t have babies; (3) most males are more muscular and aggressive than most females. This is a biological difference that most cultures have used as the raw material for a unique male role. Mr. Richard Robertiello, a New York psychoanalyst, says, “a man needs a woman who will affirm his masculine power, enjoy, it, enhance it and get something from it, rather than envy it and try to destroy it’.

Romance vs. marriage: - Men and women who expect marriage to be a continuation of the ecstasy of the courtship are in the disappointment. Romantics ignore the fact that the people grow weary of each other unless they have cultivated common interests and values. Conjugal affection is slow burning heat – warming flame. It can’t exist without kindness, consideration, communication, adjustment to each other’s habits, and joint participation in several activities, consensus on values and respect. Married couples must build-up a “common capital” of act, habits, and expenses that results in mutual acceptance, without the impossible illusions of the romantic ideal. In a good marriage, there will 75 to 80% togetherness but also sufficient separateness to permit individual growth and privacy. Politeness, tact and good humour all help to create a relaxed and loving home.

Romance is by it very nature incompatible with marriage even if one has led to the other, for it is the very essence of romance to thrive obstacles, delays, separations, and dreams, whereas it is the basic function of marriage daily to reduce and obliterate these obstacles for marriage succeeds only in constant physical proximity to the monotonous present. Secondly the logical and normal outcome of marriage founded only on romance is divorce, for marriage kills romance, if romance reappears, it will kill the marriage by its incompatibility with the very reason for which the marriage was contracted. Like passion, romance is more a way of feeling love than of acting it, more being in love than loving. The great difference between passion and romance is that the later passes away by definition, depending upon the quality of the obstacles left to overcome. To attack romance from the moral standpoint would be an error, since romance attacks precisely because in it lies some ostensible capability and it disappears when it is universally acclaimed. We should succeed in limiting its dangers much more adequately by simply pointing out to young people that, valuable though it is, romance is nevertheless by its very nature incapable of establishing a durable marriage, and that it is not an act of courage but one of absurdity to marry someone forever because of a fever that endures for two months.

Marital hazards: - Carrying-over the conflict between the couple outside bed-room to the bed-room in spite of a partner’s inclination towards sex: “this kind of misunderstanding is hazardous to marital health” declares psychiatrist and sex therapist Avodah Offile, “it is better to settle the original clash instead of setting up a communications blackout which will only lead to more serious effects.” Dr.Offile also urges couples to plan and prepare for their sexual encounters, because anticipating sexual pleasure can add immeasurable to its ultimate enjoyment. Husbands and wives who solve the problem of sexual communications will not only narrow the margin for misunderstandings in their marriage, they will also add to their enjoyment of the physical act of love. Companionship is virtually important to marital satisfaction. The successful marriage is not one in which there are no fights, but one in which fights are turned into opportunities for greater honesty and understanding.

Make hard times work for marriage: - (avoid finger pointing) when one person does have a larger share of responsibility for a problem, both spouses need to acknowledge that burden. (Express yourself) body language is often more eloquent than talk; often a predicament pushes couple into an all-too-familiar out: she thinks he doesn’t have feelings because he won’t talk about them; he thinks she’s too emotional because she won’t talk about anything else. (Accept the differences) unfortunately, a response that’s unlike one’s own may seem inappropriate to the person; in such situations, it is necessary to talk about one’s perceptions and give each other the benefit of doubt. (Be flexible) both partners need freedom to express wide range of emotions and may find themselves trading point of view. The important thing is that, over time each is the consoler and the consoled. (Be kind to each other) in good times forgiveness, openness, acceptance, flexibility and kindness will enrich the married relationship. In bad times they will keep the marriage strong – just when the couple need it most.

When conflicts arise from temperamental differences between husband and wife, family therapists suggest the following techniques:

1. Reverse roles: On lighter side, taking the other partner’s arguments (the screamer gets an idea of how it feels to be screamed at, etc).

2. Be adaptable.

3. Be specific: - Not to attack the other partner’s overall character or hurting him but to say exactly what is bothering.

Do you adore his passionate style when he expresses love, but hate it when he yells in anger? Both are facets of an emotional temperament; you may not get one part of the package without the other.

How to survive marital storms: -

1. Recognise that anger is a normal position: if you can agree that a husband and wife who love each other will probably experience envy, annoyance, even anger, then neither of you will panic when it happens. By giving your mate the right to an occasional sulk, you have transmitted a wonderful gift.

2. Be cautious about protecting your ‘right: reasonably secure persons do not see every misunderstanding as an occasion to assert themselves. They can compromise without losing self-composure.

3. Be first to make changes: many couples stuck in repetitive behaviour. A therapist may use pressure to get them unstuck, but that maybe necessary if first one will decide to change. This is not easy. There is within us all a resistance to change, which has, at its root, pride. To change is to admit that we are wrong. But if you take the initiative and begin afresh, you may break the deadlock.

4. Resist the impulse to give up: ‘many couples who come to my clinic are ready to throw in the towel’, says Alan Loo Meginnis, ‘but in almost every case I have helped them discover that the best marriage for them is the one they’re in, and that it can be saved if they want it to be.

5. Cultivate humility: most lovers have to learn to say, ‘I’m sorry’, because two people who live together are bound to bump into each other. If you do not want to hurt the other, apologise.

6. Add a positive of tolerance: some of the best marriages are composed of two people who are very different often with striking idiosyncrasies – but who are tolerant of each other and adjust to, or overlook, the irritants. Psychologist Carl Rogers uses this analogy: “when I walk on the beach to watch the sun set I do not call out, ‘a little more orange over to the right, please,’ or, ‘would you mind giving less purple in the back’; no, I enjoy the always different sunsets as they are, we’d do well to do the same with the people we love.

Problems in marriage: -

1. Posturing: - both sides take their positions and antagonism appears.

2. Polarised thinking: - exaggerated bad qualities are ascribed to the other side – while failing on one’s own side, even if highly relevant to the crisis, are overlooked; by mentally preparing, the antagonists ready themselves for cruel and heartless actions to come.

3. Domination of emotions: - in crises, emotion not the reason leads the charge.

4. False justification: - as the rhetoric and posturing continues, the couple may start believing their own vituperation as the naked truth; fact becomes almost irrelevant at this advanced stage of crisis.

Features of crisis situations: A crisis is a problem that has gotten out of hand. The following features characterize crisis situations: -

1. Stress – as the crisis emerges, stress begins to develop.

2. Rigidity – as the crisis deepens, thinking becomes rigid, ever simplified and dominated by emotion.

3. Mentalcpmstroctopm – the range of alternative solutions shrinks.

4. Disruption of concentration – as the crisis continues, stress builds up and the ability to concentrate on the relevant features of the problem fades. The uncertainty of the situation leads to further anxiety, which makes the couple less effective in working out a rational solution.

5. Suspicion – a sense of distrust and hurt, combined with antagonistic feelings, reduce the prospects of working out a fair compromise.

6. Crisis autonomy – the crisis takes on a life of its own – each spouse fares in fire. Neglect – responding to crisis by working harder and ignoring other important aspects of their lives.

Personality conflict: - Fundamental to any successful relationship is evoking and nurturing the right shades in each other. Problems in marriage are of two types: viz. those that pit the partners against each other and those that they must face together. Conflict arises from disagreements, and disagreements are rooted in differences of perceptions, opinions, and preferences. To eliminate problems, so make it a habit, early in marriage, to work as a team to solve a problem, rather than trying to defeat each other. As far issues concerned, focus on the issue and strip it off all disguises. Sometimes people go to great lengths to come up with the silliest accusations and excuses to vent their frustrations. Try to work your way through these smoke-sirens and pinpoint the real issue, then attack the problem together. The only options that should ever be considered in marriage are those that result in mutual gain. The win-win (i.e. both win) strategy should be the standard for all negotiations and decision-making in marriage.

Token behaviour: - At times of tension, argument and high emotions, it is important to do or say something that will tone things down – anything in the right direction is welcome. In marriage the rhetoric of belligerence is the most deadly thing next to physical violence; words can hurt – they can hurt very badly and for a longer time. One should take it – problems, conflicts and disputes are constants of life.

Rules for marital conflict: - Conflicts arise even in the most perfect of relationships. To deal with conflict to your marriage, we recommend two simple rules: -

Rule no.1: - Always resolve your differences amicable, lovingly and peacefully;

Rule no.2: - In those instances where you fail to resolve your differences amicably, refer to rule no.1.

Solving problems: - a problem is any difficulty or challenge that demands a solution. We should view problems as opportunities for personal growth, learning, and the exercise of our ingenuity. There are certain attitudes and practices that help in solving problems:

1. Having confidence.

2. Experiencing success: Success is the surest way of developing self-confidence and self-esteem, which, in turn, are crucial to further success.

3. Seeing opportunities: Facing problems as opportunities to grow, to achieve, to overcome, will make a world of difference.

4. Learning: We must learn skills that help meet our personal needs and enable as to relate to others.

The crisis of the modern couple: - Since, in the western sense of term, there is no family without a marriage at its source, it is clear that all problems of the family are, practically speaking, subordinate of those of the couple. Everything, which touches the relationship of couple, therefore, touches the family at its very root. Thus it follows that the whole point of view in considering family problems would change radically in society, which would systematically question the causes, the methods, the customs, the aims, and the duration of the union of man and woman into a couple founding a family. Such an eventuality is not purely imaginary; our present society approximates the experience of it. In all other civilizations, and in our own up to the present day, the mutual choice of mates has depended largely upon collective factors: sacred rotes (exogamy, endogamy, levirational or sororal laws, to mention only the most familiar), social rank, race, religion, and, later, the level of education and fortune. The margin of purely individual choice, which this ensemble of rules, taboos, and conventions permits, has remained in most cases proactively negligible. Today the situation is reversed. In a majority of cases, these collective factors, which we have just named, not only do not play a deciding role but also are no longer capable of playing even the role of obstacle of restraint, which could still be attributed to them in the 19th century. This evolution seems parallel to the evolution of sex which, with the Christian era, is exfoliated from the collective subconscious, frees itself from religious rites, and, by a process of introspection, tends to become an integral aspect of each individual’s logic. It is to be noted that the expression ‘sexual problem’ is very recent, having appeared only in approximately in the year 1830.

A wife does not like her man to be: untrusting, condemning, angry, demanding, uncaring, irresponsible, insensitive, impulsive, unkind, thoughtless, unloving, too offending, critical and rejecting. So also a husband does not like his woman to be: lazy around the house, sexually cold, and emotionally serious, noisy, sneaky, overtly critical and quarrelsome or bad mother, inflexible, too independent and bold, disrespected nagging, negative to his relatives, too dominating, too emotional.

Sex: - Sex is a most pleasant act if it involves mutual desire. There is nothing wrong abnormal in marital sex if it is done with the consent of both. It is a myth that one cannot live a happy married life without sex. The worst part among married partners is to force sex upon the other as an obligation. Obligated mating may release the tension at the tip of the penis but increases tension in the head. As open communication with the spouse can solve many sexual problems in the marital life. The couple has to experiment with other avenues to give each sexual satisfaction – sexual adjustment and gratification by genital or non-genital union solves many marital problems. In a congenial and harmonious marriage both partners contribute and complement each other’s personal development and growth.

If a marriage is to be saved, both partners have to work at restoring trust and communication. To do this, psychologists V.Daniel O’Leary and Hillary Turkewits recommend these rules: (1) ask for positive changes in behaviour instead of attacking negative behaviour; (2) respond directly to criticism instead of making counter charges; (3) confine conversation to the present and future. Don’t speculate on motives or analyse character; (4) listen. Masters and Johnson, about successful relationship, say, “love and physical desire wax and wane thro’out a life time. This can be accepted and enjoyed, if partners can communicate.

In a marriage, neither partner, or spouse, should become exclusively a talker, or a listener, both should be each other’s caring listener on a fair and equal basis, now we will see the seven don’t of good listening: -

(1) Don’t interrupt.

(2) Don’t contradict.

(3) Don’t criticize or lecture about past behaviour.

(4) Don’t nod your head constantly.

(5) Don’t assume what is said is the total content of the message (watch carefully for clues in tone and body language for what might be really bothering someone.)

(6) Don’t interrogate or patronize (don’t probe thro’ questions that aim to prove him, or her, wrong).

(7) Don’t use the occasion for self-aggrandismenent.

A sure sign of problematic marriage is when the couple doesn’t talk much to each other: talking to each other has come to a dead stop, because the couple has little common; or every time they talk, the experience is negative. The quality of the conversation influences the desire to spend time together. If you want a successful marriage, then you have to talk, joke and banter. You have explore emotions and let off stream. Let the worries of daily life go up in the hot air of verbal outflows. Talking is like air for marriage: no marriage can do without it.

Communication usually begins with the intent to convey information to someone else. The sender must convert the intent into an actual message that is presented to the presented to the intended recipient. The message may be verbal (word or sound) or non verbal (consisting of a look, a touch, or an action). The recipient must not only receive the message, but also understand and interpret its meanings. At each one of these simple steps, things can and do go wrong. It is important to recognize that inconsistencies between non-verbal cues and verbal content are usually resolved in favour of the former. In this sense, non-verbal messages are more ‘powerful’ than spoken words alone. For this reason, it is useful to communicate in ways that maintain consistency between the verbal and non-verbal messages. You send to your partner, taking care to avoid sending mixed messages by saying one thing with your words and something different with your body language or vocal one. In fact, non-verbal messages apply in a special way to sexual interactions. Communicating in an intimate relationship differs in certain ways from communicating with other people in your life. While trust and vulnerability are not methods of communication, they are necessary preconditions for intimate communications to occur.

“i” language: - One of the most direct ways to communicate clearly and to avoid mind reading games in a relationship is to use a highly effective style of communicating called “i” language. By assuming responsibility for starting your own needs and preferences, you relieve your partner of having to figure out what will please you. It is also important to realize that ‘i’ language is not the only way of communicating effectively in an intimate relationship. Similarly, ‘you’ sentences that offer positive rather than critical content – for example “you’re so kind and sensitive” – are certainly welcome in any relationship. Thus, ‘i’ language should be seen as a potential way of achieving clarity in intimate communication instead of as the only correct way of communicating with your partner. When affection is expressed only during sex, and not at any other time, it can lead a person to feel as though it is a limited or conditional affection – in other words.

Expressing anger: - In most cases anger develops from preceding feeling of hurt, resentment, or frustration. If these can be identified and discussed while they’re in their early stages before they grow into anger, there is a much better chance of dealing with them successfully and avoiding the harm that anger can produce. Carol Tavris observes, “In the final analyses, managing anger depends on taking responsibility for one’s emotions and one’s actins. On refusing the temptation, for instance, to remain stuck in blame or fury or silent resentment.

Art of listening: - The ability to listen accurately and empathetically is actually a complex process. Here are some specific pointers about what is taken to be an effective listener: -

1) Effective listening is an active rather than passive process; this can be done by eye-contact, nodding your head, or asking an occasional question to clarify a point without disrupting your partner’s message.

2) Effective listening requires your undivided attention.

3) Effective listeners are patient in their listening styles. The patient listener realizes that a bit encouragement early in a conversation can set the stage for a more meaningful dialogue late on. At the same time patient listeners refrain from the temptation to barge in with their own comments before the other person has completed his or her message.

4) Effective listeners avoid putting undue emphasis on one word or phrase in a message and wait for the message to be completed before they react to it.

5) Effective listeners pay attention to what the speaker is actually saying instead of approaching conversations with pre-conceived notions of what might be said.

6) Effective listeners are attuned to their partners even when there’s been no request for a discussion; sometimes the most important communications occur in odd, of hand moments rather than in planned, formal dialogues. Unless you’re tuned in to this possibility and receptive to what is being said, you seriously cut down the chances of spontaneous communications, which are often the most valuable.

7) You don’t have to agree in order to listen – in fact, it can be useful to agree to disagree; the point of being a good listener is to understand what the speaker is saying, this does not mean you have to endorse the message. Recognize that your partner is expressing his or her feelings, which may be very different from your own. Part of the art of listening is deciding when to listen and when to reward.

According to Leslie Navran, PhD., in ‘ communication and adjustment in marriage’ in ‘family process’ and Harold Rausch, Wells Goodrich and John D.Campbell in ‘adaptation to the first years of marriage, and ‘human adaption’, ‘coping with life crises’ by Rudolph Moos, communicating successfully means being able to express yourself in a way that can be heard by you mate and listening carefully enough to interpret what you mate is trying to get across of you; communicating well is a matter of a paying attention not just to how you and your spouse converse, but also to how you relate non-verbally; it means making as much effort as possible to understand and be understood. The way you communicate can aggravate any problems you already have. If you or your spouse expresses yourself in way that make it difficult to be heard accurately, or if either of you bottles-up you’re feeling so that other feels insulted, or confused, making decision will be not only belaboured but also painful and destructive.

If you and your spouse have difficulty communicating, consider whether either of you fits into one of the following two categories: -

1. The over-expressive mate: If you can’t just say why you’re angry, but always need to yell and shout to express your anger if you’re not content with stating your thoughts and opinions but to rant rave about what you believe in, if you don’t just feel happy but need to let everyone know how happy you feel, then you are someone with hat psychiatrists call ‘histrionic’ traits. You tend to live in a whirlwind of emotional frenzy and feel anxious when things become quiet and calm.

2. The under expressive mate: if you are quiet, comfortable with expressing feelings, rational rather than impulsive, then, in psychiatric terms, you may have ‘obsessional ’ traits. You keep your feelings in, never really saying what’s in your mind. You often leave your spouse wondering what you are thinking.

Communication combinations: - What matters is not just how you act toward each other, but you react. In most marriages, a typical pattern of communicating gets set up between mates. Often spouses use their personal style of arguing as a power tool. If you scream and yell, you may be trying to scare your mate into giving into you. If you tend to withdraw, you may be using your silence to make your mate feel anxious or guilty. If your style is highly exaggerated – if you’re either very withdrawn or overemotional in your communication style – that exaggeration may reflect a deeper personality problem. You may wield your temper or keep your feelings to yourself because of fears of underlying emotions, some of which may stem from low self-esteem. Generally, if your styles clash you know it – for instead of being asked to come to mutual decisions and successfully resolving conflicts, you spend time together attacking each other how you communicate. If you and your spouse are both expressive, you may have a very open, calm, sharing marriage or a very aggressive, competitive relationship – all depending on how you express yourselves. If you both present your feelings calmly and respectfully then you probably have a very strong, healthy relationship. If you express your feelings through screaming, yelling, throwing thing at each other, then your need to assert yourselves may stem from insecurity – from a fear of being swallowed up by each other, a fear of being vulnerable or passive. There is no great virtue in expressing what is on your mind if it is done in a way that is hurtful. Silent duo: - Indeed, probably the only thing worse than when a couple fights all the time is when a couple never airs their needs, wishes, or discontent. Being silent when communication is clearly called for may result from a fear of rejection, disappointment, and humiliation. But silence may also be a power ploy. There is power in holding back, in leaving your mate to wonder what is going on in your mind; because there are so many decisions that need to get made in marriage, you must be direct about your wishes and expectations in order to reap marital and individual fulfillment. If you are too withdrawn about what you want from your spouse and your marriage, inevitably your needs won’t get met and underlying resentments will fester. Silence is not always golden.

Vicious Circles: - Here is how a vicious cycle works: you have a disagreement that leads one of you to feeling attacked, threatened, hurt, uncared for, unloved, or berated – which leads the injured party (let’s say it’s you) to counterattack – which sets the vicious cycle in motion. With regard to breaking a vicious cycle, if you care about your marriage, you cannot take for granted your recovery from vicious cycles. You both need to make a special effort to break them when they occur. The following considerations must be weighed and acted upon in order to break a vicious cycle: -

1. Recognise when the level of your anger and your spouse’s is escalating.

2. Recognise how your spouse may have been unintentionally, or intentionally, hurt by something you said, or did, or didn’t say or do. Question if their anger may result from their feeling unloved or unappreciated by you.

3. In seeking to end the cycle of hurt, recognize that you may not be able to ‘win’ the argument, even though your temptation to get in the last word may be very strong.

4. After your anger has cooled, either initiate an apology or acknowledge the hurt your spouse may have felt during the argument. Empathizing with your spouse helps defuse hurt and anger and moves you both towards a resolution.

5. Beware of any tendencies you and your spouse may have to get into big arguments (vicious cycles) that may be followed by living sessions of ‘making up’.

If you and your mate find yourselves locked into arguments frequently, one or both of you may have an unconscious need to suffer before you experience pleasure and tenderness from each other. In the clinical literature, this tendency to have to pay a price for pleasure, or to seek to increase pleasure by first heightening emotion through pain, is referred to as masochism or sadomasochism. Be alert to such tendencies in yourself and your spouse, and be careful about getting drown into malignant cycles or drawing you partner in.

Communication aggravators: - the following behaviour that people commonly use may escalate conflict in their marriage by inducing combative responses (refer John P.Spiegel’s ‘the resolution of role conflict within the family’)

1. Coercing is an attempt to crowbar you mate into submission or agreement, your spouse agree to go along with your wishes but sabotage your plans by dragging their feet in the execution of the agreement; or defy your efforts outright.

2. Coaxing is a more subtle form of persuasion, your spouse may annoyed by what they perceive as your manipulative efforts and, as a result, not only refuse your wishes but also become hostile.

3. Evaluating is a common technique, characterized as ‘ pseudo-understanding’: an example: “I think you are really angry at your boss, not at me,” a woman tells her husband. This woman’s interpretation of her husband’s angry makes him even more annoyed than he was originally, because it is a denial of what he is really feeling.

4. Masking is a often thought of as ‘white lies’ or ‘white washing’, It can elicit counter efforts by your spouse to unmask and reveal the truth.

5. Blaming one of the most common mechanisms for starting or fuelling an argument occurs when one spouse is angry but does not know why and so looks for a target for that anger in order to channel it in a seemingly justifiable way. It is also possible that you and your spouse blame each other for traits for which you secretly hold yourselves in reproach. For instance, if you blame your partner for flirting, it may be that you feel secretly guilty about your own flirtatious thoughts or acts.

For some people, there is a special pleasure in seeing another suffer. If you were frequently blamed by your parents while you were growing up, you may have adopted this blaming behaviour or derive a special pleasure in seeing your spouse suffer as you once did. Blaming is unproductive, unsatisfying, and highly destructive to the blossoming of any warm, close, and loving feelings between spouses. All  the behaviours have the potential for starting vicious cycles if they result in your mate’s feeling hurt and attacking in return.

Practising good communication: - When speaking to couples who say (convincingly) that they communicate will and make decisions to their mutual satisfaction, we consistently find that in their marriages each spouse respects the other and takes personal responsibility for how they communicate with one another. These are people who are aware that good communication is an essential part of a healthy marriage, and they are willing to work at it. The following are the key principles of good marital communication: -

i. Don’t expect your spouse to read your mind: - It is unfair and unrealistic to expect someone else to read your mind. It is your responsibility to express your thoughts and feelings to your mate.

ii. Take time to talk and listen to your spouse: - Make communication a priority in your marriage by setting aside time for casual conversations as well as in-depth, intimate discussions. Don’t bring up a touchy subject when you’re both exhausted or under stress. Choose an appropriate place in talk. One of you may have no compunctions about arguing while walking down the street; the other might feel terribly embarrassed by any public display of emotion. Be considerate of each other’s feelings on this matter.

iii. Present your thoughts and feelings in a way that can be heard by your mate; if you tend to yell or be sarcastic, work on expressing your feelings in a way that is less offensive and less likely to provoke and cause conflict. Humiliating, embarrassing, or criticizing your spouse only lessens the chance that what you say will be heard by your mate. Be aware that there is no benefit to your spouse’s feeling attacked. If your tendency is to bottle up your feelings, you must work on airing your dissatisfaction a constructive way – even though expressiveness does not come naturally to you. If your spouse ignores your comments when you do speak up, make it a point of saying that you need to heard. If you’re unhappy with the way you and your spouse communicate with each other – if you feel there is too much criticism, complaining, and berating and enough open, positive interaction – suggest to your spouse that you make it a point of devoting a certain amount of time each day to sharing your thoughts and feelings only in a calm, respectful, positive manner. In the time you set aside, stay away from any touchy marital issues. Use the ‘sharing time’ to practise positive communication skills:

· Reflect your mate’s feelings back to them so that they feel understood (“you sound very angry at your boss today”).

· Be encouraging and reinforcing to your spouse with positive statements (“when I was at lunch I thought about how much I would have enjoyed your being there”).

If you and your spouse seem to find it impossible to talk about your problems without fighting, you might try a more structured exercise, one advocated by behavioural therapists: Together select a 15 minute period that you can spend each day in talking with each other. During that time take your telephone off the hook, turn your radio and television off, and leave all distractions aside. Sit down opposite each other with your knees touching, hold hands, and look into each other’s eyes. Take turns asking the other three open-ended questions that cannot be answered with a mere ‘yes’ or ‘no’ (don’t ask, “should we spend more time together”); try to ask non-threatening questions and give non-offensive, non-accusatory answers. Although such an exercise may seem contrived, it will set you to thinking, about how you phrase your ideas and how you respond to each other. It can foster positive habits by making you aware of how to speak in a positive constructive manner.

iv. State what the goal of your conversation is.

v. Listen fully and try to understand your spouse – you both must try to be aware of all the possible multiple levels that may be getting activated by the issued being dealt with. For instance, if your spouse is intensely angered by your tendency to take charge, it may be that such strong feelings are stirred because of unresolved childhood experiences with authority figures. If you become aware that unconscious conflicts are being stimulated in your spouse, that may not, of course, mean that you necessarily want to concede the point now under discussion. Nevertheless, your increased sensitivity may soften your position, or if not that, if may enhance your ability to behave in an understanding manner that will help you both prevent a malignant cycle from occurring. Even if you don’t agree with your mate, try to make him or her feel understood. The goal of communication is really understanding, not necessarily agreement.

vi. Learn to understand your spouse’s language: - Your spouse may speak in different language from you, and if you are to be content in your marriage, you must learn to understand that language. Rather than using words to convey love or anger, your spouse may employ touching to convey care, affection, sensuality, and aggression.

vii. End an argument before it becomes destructive: - you must each take responsibility for ending a heated argument at a certain point despite its being unresolved. The longer an angry, hurtful arguments go on, the uglier and more destructive it will be.

viii. Find other outlets: - There are sometimes when it’s just best not to communicate. You have a hard day at the office – don’t take it out on your spouse. Be alert to areas of your life where you may feel you’re not adequately assertive – for instance with your parents, or with colleagues in the work place. Rather than communicate all that frustrations to your mate, focus on releasing your feelings to the people for whom they are meant, (or otherwise if you can’t do so, at least try to bring out all your feelings either to your close friend, or wife) but don’t seek to relieve all your pressures at home.

Spinning out and spacing out: - One of the biggest areas of conflict and frustration between men and women is communication. Men listen to gather information in order to solve problems, while women listen in order in relate or share. A woman expands in search of the point she wants to make, whereas a man expects her to get right to the point, the way a man would. When a conversation is underway and the man falls silent, the woman often mistakenly assumes that he is just unconcerned. His is doing what is natural for him. He is mulling over his thoughts, to formulate a point to make. This is hard for her to recognize because she processes her thoughts and feeling through sharing them outside herself. For her, communication is not just a sharing of information; it is sharing of herself. It is a basis for intimacy. It is fulfilling and centering. When a woman is sharing what’s inside of her, if she has a respectful, attentive, and caring listener she will feel safe to empty out her purse (her inner feelings). Once everything is out, she will feel much more centered and losing. She will greatly appreciate for support.

Mind reading: - Because men and women do not realize how different they are, they assume that they know what the other is thinking or feeling before it has been clearly stated. Just as women are especially vulnerable to being interrupted, men are particularly sensitive to being doubted or mistrusted. This is major communication trap, but we can end the cycle by increasing our understanding of each other with respect, trust and compassion. Women need to be reassured again and again that they are loved and special.

Now we will see what are the mistakes a partner does and how it is being misconceived by the other partner even without the knowledge of the committing partner. Generally speaking, when a woman offers unsolicited advice or tries to ‘help’ a man, she has no idea of how critical and unloving she may should to him. Men pride themselves on being experts, especially when it comes to fixing mechanical things, getting places, or solving problems. These are the times when he needs her loving acceptance the most and not her advice or criticism. Men need to remember that women talk about problems to get close and not necessarily to get solutions. Women need to remember that unsolicited advice or criticism –especially if he has made a mistake – make him feel unloved and controlled. He needs her acceptance more than her advice. In order to learn from his mistakes, When a man feels that a woman is not trying to improve him, he is much more likely to ask for her feedback and advice. So also, a woman tries to change a man’s behaviour when he makes mistakes by becoming the home-improvement committee and offering unsolicited advice or criticism. When a man resists a woman’s suggestions she feels as though he doesn’t care; she feels her needs are not being respected. As a result she understandably feels unsupported and stops trusting him. When a woman does not know how to directly ask a man for support or constructively share a difference of opinion, she may feel powerless to get what she needs without giving unsolicited advice or criticism. To practice giving acceptance and not giving advice and criticism is, however, a big step, by clearly understanding he is rejecting not her needs but the way she approaching him, she can take his rejection less personally and explore more supportive ways of communicating her needs. Gradually she will realize that a man wants to make improvements when he feels he is being approached as the solution to a problem rather than as the problem itself.

Men need to remember that when women seem upset and talk about problems is not the time to offer solutions; instead she needs to be heard, and gradually she will feel better on her own. When a woman resists a man’s solutions he feels his competence is being questioned. As a result he feels mistrusted, unappreciated, and stops caring. His willingness to listen understandably lessens.

Without an awareness of what is important for the opposite sex, men and women don’t realize how much they may be hurting their partners. We can see that both men and women unknowingly communicate in ways that are not only counterproductive but may even be a turnoff. Men and women get their feelings hurt most easily when they do not get the kind of primary love they need. Women generally don’t realize the ways they communicate that are unsupportive and hurtful to the male ego. A woman may try to be sensitive to a man’s feelings, but because his primary love needs are different from hers, she doesn’t instinctively anticipate his needs. Though understanding a man’s primary love needs, a woman can be more aware and sensitive to be sources of his discontent. The following is a list of common communication mistakes women make in relation to a man’s primary love needs.

Mistakes women commonly make: -

· She tries to improve his behaviour or help him by offering unsolicited advice.

· She tries to change or control his behaviour by sharing her upset or negative feelings (it is ok to share feelings but not when they attempt to manipulate or punish).

· She doesn’t acknowledge what he does for her but complains about what he has not done.

· She corrects his behaviour and tells him what to do, as if he were a child.

· She expresses her upset feelings indirectly with rhetorical questions (like: “how could you do that?”).

· When he makes decisions or takes initiatives she corrects or criticizes him.

for which why he doesn’t feel loved (the following are in respective to the above order)

· He feels unloved because she doesn’t trust him any more.

· He feels unloved because she doesn’t accept him as he is.

· He feels taken for granted and unloved because she doesn’t appreciate what he does.

· He feels unloved because he doesn’t feel admired.

· He feels unloved because he feels she has taken away her approval of him. He no longer feels like the good guy.

· He feels unloved because she does not encourage him to do things on his own.

Just as women easily make mistakes when they don’t understand what men primarily need, men also make mistakes. Men generally don’t recognize the ways they communicate that are disrespectful and unsupportive to women. A man may even know that she is unhappy with him, but unless he understands why she feels unloved and what she needs he cannot change his approach.

Through understanding a woman’s primary needs, a man can be more sensitive to and respectful of her needs. The following is a list of communication mistakes men make in relation to a woman’s primary emotional needs.

· He doesn’t listen, gets easily distracted, doesn’t ask interested or concerned questions.

· He takes her feeling literally and corrects her. He thinks she is asking for solutions so he gives advice.

· He listens but then gets angry and blames her for upsetting him or for bringing him down.

· He minimizes the importance of her feelings and needs. He makes children or work more important.

· When she is upset, he explains why he is right and why she should not be upset.

· After listening he says nothing or just walks away.

for which why she doesn’t feel loved (in order of the above respectively)

· She feels unloved because he is not attentive or showing that he cares.

· She feels unloved because he doesn’t understand her.

· She feels unloved because he doesn’t respect her feelings.

· She feels unloved because he is not devoted to her and doesn’t honour her as special.

· She feels unloved because he doesn’t validate her feelings but instead makes her feel wrong and unsupported.

· She feels insecure because she doesn’t get the reassurance she needs.

When love fails: - love often fails because people instinctively give what they want. Because a woman’s primary love needs are to be cared for, understood and so forth, she automatically gives her man a lot of caring and understanding. To a man this caring support often feels as though she doesn’t trust him, being trusted is his primary need, not being cared for; then when he doesn’t respond positively to her caring she can’t understand why he doesn’t appreciate her brand of support. He, of course, is giving his own brand of love, which isn’t what she needs; so they are caught in a loop of failing to fulfill each other’s needs. In one instance wherein a couple, by name Beth and Arthur complained about their inability to carry on their marriage, Beth complained, saying, “I just can’t keep giving and not getting back. Arthur doesn’t appreciate what I give. I love him, but he doesn’t love me.”; whereas Arthur complained, saying, “ Nothing I do is ever good enough, I don’t know what to do. I’ve tried every thing and she still doesn’t love me, I love her, but it’s just not working.” In fact, Beth and Arthur have been married for eight years, they both felt like giving up because they didn’t feel loved. Ironically, they both claimed to be giving more love that they were getting back. Beth believed she was giving more, while Arthur thought he was giving the most. In truth they were both giving, but neither was getting what they wanted or needed. They did love each other, but because they didn’t understand their partner’s primary needs their love wasn’t getting through. Beth was giving what she needed to receive while Arthur was giving what he wanted. Gradually they burned out.

Many people give up when relationships become too difficult. Relationships become easier when we understand out partner’s primary needs. Without giving more but by giving more but by giving what is required we do not burn out. This understanding of the twelve different kinds of love finally explains why out sincere loving attempts fail. To fulfill your partner, you need to learn how to give the love he or she primarily needs.

·        Learning to listen without getting angry: - the number one way a man can succeed in fulfilling a woman’s primary love needs is through communication. As we have discussed before, communication is particularly important for womenfolk. By learning to listen to a woman’s feelings, a man can effectively shower a woman with caring, understanding, respect, devotion, validation, and reassurance. One of the biggest problems men have with listening to women is that they become frustrated or angry because they forget that women are different and that they are supposed to communicate differently. The chart below outlines some ways to remember these differences and makes some suggestions about what to do. Now we will see below the important points to remember to listen without getting angry:

·        Remember anger comes from not understanding her point of view, and this is never her fault.

·        Remember that feelings don’t always make sense right away, but they are still valid and need empathy.

·        Remember that anger may come from not knowing what to do to make things better. Even if she doesn’t immediately feel better, your listening and understanding will definitely help.

·        Remember you don’t have to agree to understand her point of view or to be appreciated as a good listener.

·        Remember you do not fully have to understand her point of view to succeed in being good listener.

·        Remember you are not responsible for how she feels. She may sound as though she is blaming you, but she really needs to be understood.

·        Remember that if she makes you really angry she is probably mistrusting you. Deep inside her is a scared little girl who is afraid of opening up and being hurt and who needs your kindness and compassion.

for which what to do and what not to do respective in order of the above:

·        · Take responsibility to understand don’t blame her for upsetting you. Start again trying to understand.

·        · Breath deeply, don’t say anything. Relax and go of trying to control. Try to imagine how you would feel if you saw the world through her eyes.

·        · Don’t blame her for not feeling better from your solutions. How can she feel better when solutions are not what she needs? Resist the urge to offer solutions.

·        · If you wish to express a differing point of view make sure she is finished and then rephrase her point of view before giving your own. Do not raise your voice.

·        · Let her know you don’t understand but want to. Take responsibility for not understanding; do not judge her or imply she cannot be understood.

·        · Refrain from defending, yourself until she feels that you understand and care. Then it is ok gently to explain yourself or to apologise.

·        · Do not argue her feeling and opinions. Take time out and discuss things later when there is less emotional charge.

When a man can listen to a woman’s feelings without getting angry and frustrated, he gives her a wonderful gift. He makes it safe for her to express herself. The more she is able to express herself, the more she feels heard and understood, and the more she is able to give a man the loving trust, acceptance, appreciation, admiration, approval, and encouragement that he needs.

The art of empowering a man: - Just as men need to learn the art of listening to fulfill a woman’s primary love needs, women need to learn the art of empowerment. When a woman enlists the support of a man, she empowers him to be all that he can be. A man feels empowered when he is trusted, accepted, appreciated, admired, approved of, and encouraged. Like in our story of the knight in shining armour, many women try to help their man by improving him but unknowingly weaken or hurt him. Any attempt to change him takes away the loving trust, acceptance, appreciation, admiration, approval, and encouragement that re his primary needs. The secret of empowering a man is never to try to change him or improve him. Certainly you may want him to change – just don’t act on that desire. Only if he directly and specifically asks for advice is he open to assistance in changing.

A man resists to change him or improve him, he doesn’t buckle under pressure, but he can easily be rehabilitated. For women it is considered a loving gesture to offer advice; but for men it is not. Women need to remember that men do not offer advice unless it is directly requested. A way of showing love is to trust another man to solve his problems on his own. This doesn’t mean a woman has to squash her feelings. It is ok for her to feel frustrated or even angry, as long as she doesn’t try to change him. Any attempt to change him is unsupportive and counterproductive. When a woman loves a man, she often begins trying to improve their relationship. In her exuberance she makes him a target for her improvements. She begins a gradual process of slowly rehabilitating him.

Why man resists change: - In a myriad of ways she tries to change him or improve him. She thinks her attempts to change him love, but he feels controlled, manipulated, rejected, and unloved. He will stubbornly reject her because he feels she is reflecting him. When a woman tries to change a man, he is not getting the loving trust and acceptance he actually needs to change and grow. If you ask all the men and women when a room is filled with hundreds of women and men they all have had the same experience: the more a woman tries to change a man, the more he resists. The problem is that when a man resists her attempts to improve him, she misinterprets his response. She mistakenly thinks he is not willing to change, probably because he does not love her enough. The truth is, however, that he is resistant to changing because he believes he is not being loved enough. When a man feels loved, trusted, accepted, appreciated, and so forth, automatically he begins to change, grow, and improve.

Two kinds of men and one kind of behaviours: - There are two kinds of men. One will become incredibly defensive and stubborn when a woman tries to change him, while the other will agree to change but later will forget and revert back to the old behaviour. A man either actively resists or passively resists. When a man does not feel loved just the way he is, he will either consciously or unconsciously repeat the behaviours that is not being accepted. He feels an inner compulsion to repeat the behaviour until he feels loved and accepted. For a man to improve himself he needs to feel loved in an accepting way. Otherwise he defends himself and stays the same. He needs to feel accepted just the way he is, and then he, on his own, will look for ways to improve.

Men don’t want to be improved: - Just as men want to explain why women shouldn’t be upset, women want to explain why men shouldn’t behave the way they do. Just as men mistakenly want to “fix” women, women mistakenly try to “improve” men. Men see the world through their own eyes. Their motto is “don’t fix it, if it isn’t broken.” when a woman attempts to change a man, he receives the message that she thinks he is broken. This hurts a man and makes him very defensive. He doesn’t feel loved and accepted. A man needs to be accepted regardless of his imperfections. To accept a person’s imperfections is not easy, especially when we see how he could become better. It does, however, become easier when we understand that the best way to help him grow is to let go of trying to change him in any way.

The following chart lists ways a woman can support a man to growing and changing by giving up trying to change him in any way. Therefore what she needs to remember:

·        Don’t ask him too many questions when he is upset or he will feel you are trying to change him.

·        Give up trying to improve him any way. He needs your love, not rejection, to grow.

·        When you offer unsolicited advice he may feel mistrusted, controlled, or rejected.

·        When a man becomes stubborn and resists change he is not feeling loved; he is afraid to admit his mistakes for fear of not being loved.

·        If you make sacrifices hoping he will do the same for you then he will feel pressured to change.

·        You can share negative feeling without trying to change him. When he feels accepted it is easier for him to listen.

·        If you give him directions and make decisions for him he will feel corrected and controlled.

for which what she can do in order of the above:

·        · Ignore that he is upset unless he wants to talk to you about it. Show some initial concern, but not too much, as an invitation to talk.

·        · Trust him to grow on his own. Honestly share feelings but without the demand that he change.

·        · Practice patience and trust that he will learn on his own what he needs to learn. Wait until he asks for your advice.

·        · Practice showing him that he doesn’t have to be perfect to deserve your love. Practice forgiveness.

·        · Proactive doing things for yourself and not depending on him to make you happy.

·        · When sharing feelings, let him know that you are not trying to tell him what to do but that you want him to take your feelings into consideration.

·        · Relax and surrender. Practice accepting imperfection. Make his feelings more important than perfection and don’t lecture or correct him.

As men and women learn to support each other in the ways that are most important for their own unique needs, change and growth will become automatic. With a greater awareness of your partner’s love primary needs you can redirect your loving support according to their needs and make your relationships dramatically easier and more fulfilling.

Keeping the magic of love alive: Feelings that we could not express in our past suddenly flood our consciousness when we are safe to feel. Love thaws out repressed feelings, and gradually these unresolved feelings begin to surface into our relationship. We are all walking around with a bundle of unresolved feelings. When we feel safe to be ourselves, our hurt feelings come-up. For years we have suppressed our painful feelings. Then one day we fall in love, and love makes us feel safe enough to open up and become aware of our feelings. Love opens us up and we start to feel our pain. When the unresolved feelings from childhood are coming up, we easily interpret our partner’s comments as criticism, rejection, and blame. In the beginning of the relationship we may not be as sensitive. It takes time for our past feelings to come up. But when they do so come up, we react differently to our partners. When a man’s past comes up, he generally heads for his cave. He is overly sensitive at those times and needs a lot of acceptance. When a woman’s past comes up is when her self-esteem crashes. She scends into the well of her feelings and needs tender loving care. Understanding how the feelings of the past come up gives us a greater understanding of why our partners react the way they do. It is part of their healing process. Give them some time to cool off and become centered again. It is a paradox that because you feel safe with your partner, your deepest fears have a chance to surface. When they surface you become afraid and are unable to share what you feel. Your fear may even make you numb. When this happens the feelings that are coming up get stuck. When our unresolved feelings are being projected on our intimate partner, he or she is powerless to help us.

When we expect another person to react as we would, we inevitably feel frustrated if they react differently. Out of frustration, we may automatically begin to invalidate our partner’s feeling reactions even though our original intent was nurture and support them. We also may offend out partner by treating him or her the way we want to be treated. We mistakenly assume that ‘what is good for me is good for you’. Problems arise when we expect another to think, feel, and behave the way we do. Women frequently misinterpret a man’s love by evaluating his behaviour according to their feminine standards. It is hard to respond in a caring, understanding, and respectful way when you assume that your partner should think and feel the way you do. The vast majority of conflicts between men and women stem from one basic misunderstanding: we assume that we are the same when, in many ways, men and women are as different as aliens from separate planets would be. Without an understanding of how we are different, all our efforts to unravel the mysteries of keeping love’s magic alive cannot even begin to bear fruit. The bond of love diminishes when men and women are unable to understand, respect, appreciate, and accept their differences. In fact, men tend to ‘shut down’ completely in an instant and then open up just as quickly: women do not understand this; once they open up to a person it takes them a long time to close down completely. Men tend to assume that once they please a woman, she will stay that way. After winning or earning the love of a woman, men may become lazy in the relationship. As long as she continues to give with a smile on her face, he assumes that he is giving enough. He doesn’t feel motivated to give more.

Not understanding our differences creates problems in our relationships. With an awareness of their differences men and women can begin to construct new solutions to age-old conflicts. The desire to understand another with an attitude of acceptance is the basis of a positive and loving relationship. Giving your loved ones permission to be different opens a new dimension in which love can blossom.

Intimacy thrives on the communication of truth; but without an understanding of the underlying purpose of communication, even the best communication skills will inevitably fail. When we communicate to intimidate, threaten, disapprove, hurt, fault-find, or make someone feel guilty, we are misusing communication. We may succeed in controlling, but inevitably we will create resentment. True and effective communication has the intent to share our understanding and more thoroughly share another’s understanding. One of the common problems in relationships is that after we get to know someone, we have strong tendency to believe that the meaning we give to their words and gestures is accurate. We think we know what they mean, yet we frequently misunderstand their intended meaning. We jump to the wrong conclusions. Most of the emotions tension in relationships arises from misunderstandings. Good communication lessens the chances of misunderstanding and ensures more positive relationships.

Most of negative judgments are the projections onto others of the opinions we secretly have about ourselves. When we resent, we are holding on to our negative judgments. They stay firmly rooted until we experience some forgiveness. When we are unable to release our judgments, their power to provoke increases, no matter how good you think you are at disguising resentment, it is revealed in your actions, choice of words, body language, eyes, and tone of voice. It will seep out whether you are aware of it or not. If you are free of resentment and you begin to negatively judge a person, it can easily be replaced minutes later with a positive judgment. But when you feel resentful, you are actually holding on to that judgment, either consciously or unconsciously. Not only does resentment provoke negative reactions, but it also negates the effectiveness of common with an attitude of resentment, it is almost impossible for the person you are resenting to stay open to you. one of the reasons communication can be so easy at the beginning of a relationship is that there is not build up of resentment. Accumulated resentment undermines the growth of love in a relationship. The first step toward releasing resentment is to claim your responsibility; understand how you provoke the responses you get. Then, with a greater understanding of your partner and with better communication, forgiveness will become easier. The repression of resentments can make relationships very confusing.

We become capable of taking responsibility when we recognize how our negative judgments, hidden or expressed, actually provoke much of the base or lack of support we get. The knowledge of how we are different gives us the power to be more accepting, understanding, respectful, and appreciative. The knowledge of how our secret resentments provoke others frees us to be more responsible for what we get and better able to practise forgiveness. With greater understanding of our differences, we can release the judgments that compel us to change our partners rather than to appreciate and support them.

An important key to making relationships work is taking equal responsibility for what happens in the relationship and practicing forgiveness.

The true differences between men and women are actually complementary, giving each the opportunity to find balance. These complementary differences are what draw us to each other and create the mysterious feeling we call love. The magic of difference creates yet another dimension to loving relationships. As we accept and appreciate the differences between people, we begin to also see the similarities. The right person to share your life with is generally a blend of complementary differences and similarities. From the vantage point of understanding and respecting our differences; we can more clearly appreciate our similarities. Recognizing our similarities gives rise to positive attitudes like compassion, empathy, understanding, acceptance, tolerance, and oneness. Acknowledging our differences creates attraction, appreciation, interest, respect, purposefulness, and excitement.

A woman changes for sentiments and man changes for better results, or recognition.

How she unknowingly turns him off: - As a man continues to fail to satisfy and fulfill his female partner, woman corrects his decisions without being asked to, she unknowingly hurts him and lays a foundation for him to become less motivated and caring. Women correct men because they think it will motivate or help them to change.

What a man needs: - a man cannot admit he erred unless he can figure out a way he could have acted differently

What a woman needs: - When a woman is upset she needs time to explore her feelings through sharing. Men typically go into judgment and blame when a woman is upset. She needs, instead, for him to listen and support her without trying to fix her or correct her feelings.

How man hurts woman: - Judgments that arise from resentment never serve to improve one’s partner. When a woman is upset or under stress, she needs the time and support to discover for herself how she can change to be more loving, accepting, appreciative, and trusting. This will naturally happen when she is able to share and explore her inner feelings. Because men and women do not understand their respective stress reactions and the unique needs that they possess. Their inherent positive characteristics become overshadowed by negative feelings, beliefs, perspectives and attitudes.

Our dark sides: - If a man is unable to maintain his objectivity when his subjective feelings emerge, then his feelings will tend to reflect his dark side. Many times a woman will try to get a man to share his feelings when he needs to be silent and mull things over in his mind. She has no idea that she is fanning the fire of negative and dark reactions in this man trying to draw out his feelings. She does this instinctively because being essentially feminine or subjective, she knows that she needs someone to draw her out when she is upset and she especially needs to explore her feelings.

Masculine violence: - When a man is hurt he generally feels a compulsion to release his hurt by inflicting it on someone else. In a primitive way, when a man is possessed by his pain, by inflicting it on others he can objectively experience his pain and release it. To brioche out of this uncivilized cycle of revenge and payback; a man must be able to feel and communicate his pain. To begin to develop an ability to communicate pain in a safe way, a man needs to listen to the pain of others who have suffered similar injustice. In hearing the pain of others, he is able to feel, share, and heal his own pain without taking revenge. As a result, he becomes more capable of hearing a woman’s pain. He becomes more compassionate and understanding.

Righteous aggression: - Another way men express their aggression is through being self-righteous. He believes that she is responsible for his destructive and negative behaviour, and deserves to be punished. This is never true. Two wrongs do not make a right. Peace in our relationships hinges on the development of our feminine side.

Feminine violence: - Woman can of course be violent, but this generally occurs when her feminine side has been hurt so much that she becomes more masculine to protect herself. To truly assuage her hurt, a woman primarily needs her pain to be heard, shared, or felt by others. She needs compassion and understanding to release her pain. When she unable to elicit enough compassion, she unconsciously seeks to compensate by trying to get sympathy. The strategy employed by the female psyche is to induce guilt in others, hoping that they will change their ways; this strategy hurts a man and he then seeks revenge. Women have felt compelled to be victims in order to warrant the sympathy of others. In a backward way, by being victimized she feels more worthy of love, compassion, and support. In some cases, a woman will begin to punish herself when her hurt goes unhealed and unheard.

Negative self-talk: - The main way a woman hurts herself, however, is subjectively. Through negative self-talk she abuses herself. The major symptom of negative self-talk is a feeling of unworthiness, helplessness, and self-pity. Through self-pity she denies her power to create more in her life and indirectly blames others, thus affirming her powerlessness. As women learn to share their hurt without self-pity and resentment and consequently receive the compassion they needs, they gradually can release the tendency to feel self-pity. As men learn to share their pain and listen to and understand the pain of others, they gradually release the tendency to be mean or violent. Given the needed understanding, love, and support, it seems almost miraculous how quickly a person can begin to release these deep and unconscious patterns.

In summary, under stress a man needs time and space to find objective solutions (positive behaviour), and a woman needs time and attention to find her subjective solutions (positive behaviour). When they are unable to give themselves the support they need, they run the risk of being possessed by their dark sides.

The art of fulfilling relationships: - When a man’s work fails, he begins to doubt his worthiness. In a complementary way, when a woman is ignored by her husband, she begins to doubt her worthiness. Every day, a woman needs to receive some form of verbal reassurance that she is loved. A woman needs symbols of love. The quality of attention is the most important sign of love. Women love to be singled out and treated specially by the men in their lives. The simple formula to make a woman feels special is: treat her differently and first; don’t save the best for last; a woman never tires of hearing and seeing the ways her man loves her. To help a woman feel loved and valued, a man needs to share his frustration and disappointment when he is not getting the appreciation and emotional support that he needs. Not only does this support a woman in feeling her importance, but it also let her know how to give more support effectively. As a man learns to communicate his emotional needs, this not only increases a woman’s self-worth, but also inspires her to give more.

Either partner may be better or the best, in a triat and the other partner, instead of enjoying or dominating, envying over it, should accept it and make use of it for the benefit of the unit. Such potentiality should not give way for egoism within marriage. So also the other partner should not exploit it but rather help for the personality development or both make use of it to the advantage of the unit or for helping others outside their marriage, or family.

The couple should understand each other’s needs, desires, ambitions, values and characteristics; accept them as it is as a package; thereafter slowly and lovingly try to rectify the negative points in those five in each other to the advantage of marriage but not to the tune, or advantage, of self. Absolute understanding is possible through: love, communication, flexibility and compatibility, security of respect and care, togetherness and intimacy.

When we study and analyse the concept of marriage, we arrive at the core of the creation of the concept as the concept of marriage is conceived and framed by society basically for the care of the consequence of human sexual relationship and also for mutuality. Here the fundamental, basic and love factor/aspect of the marriage is “care”. Whether it is called by love, or mutuality, or contract, or etc, but basically the concept of marriage is derived for and the system of marriage is maintained by this factor viz., care.

Therefore, we eventually conclude that any conflict, or problem, may be understood properly only when we first understand the complementary nature between men and women and how psychologically differ in their approach and reactions; and if we are able to suitably adapt to the nature without changing one’s basic nature but only to satisfy the partner taking care of the primary love needs of one’s partner to the partner’s satisfaction, major conflicts and problems automatically vanish in our marriage. With this we conclude this chapter: ‘Basic factors for smooth marital life’ with wishing you a very happy and peaceful married life.

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