Tutorial 5c : Theories and Concepts

Cloudy student, this Tutorial is boring a bit, hik, but u have to learn also coz being a good website developer u not only need to know how to write html, but also learn some theories related to this field. ;) Well, u need not print the coding of this page out, but if u can print this page itself for home-reading if u want. Or, u can always come to visit this page for reference whenever desired. OK, let's start student~! ;)

1) Concepts abt Images/Pics:
Very often u see and used the images with ".jpg", ".jpeg", ".gif", ".bmp", etc. They are called "file extensions", which tells you what sort of files they are. Here, I explain to you the three main ones(for others not here, u can ask me) :
.jpg/.jpeg : This is one of the most common files u'll use throught making a HP. Firstly, coz it's not such big file size, and secondly, it's suitable for compressing either full color or greyscale digital images of "natural", real-world scenes. The full name for jpeg/jpg is "Joint Photographic Experts Group". If u see in our Home, may files are jpg/jpeg files. ;)
.gif : This one is another commonly used files. It can be a 'still' file(not moving) or it can be a moving file/animated ones. Gif means "Graphics Interchange Format". File size is small to average, depending on image measurements.
.bmp : A bmp file is a Microsoft Windows Bitmap file, where the file is usually large size. Dear, try not to use a bmp image file for a HP. Coz it'll take long time to download and this annoys visitors. Umm, do u still remember that our friend Aramis' old HP has the background of manga pic? Hik, he uses a large bmp file for background, that's why it took me such long time to open his HP last time. ;)

2) Concepts abt Internet and computer files:
Dear, previously u have used and opened files on internet with extensions ".html", ".txt", etc. These are some of the files that ppl always encounter, but very few are bothered abt what they actually mean. Here, I explain to you the most frequently seen(for others not here, u can ask me) :
.html : This file is the one u use to make a HP. Also written as ".htm". HTML means 'Hyper Text Markup Language'. It's simple, easy to learn, yet can do many things. Hik, u have known one of it's uses already, that's to create a page for ur Jordy. ;) In html file, u will have all the tags like those i taught u, but every page must start with "html" and end with "/html". Inside are body, title, table, img, etc.
.txt : This is a text file, a file u will get if u save things using Microsoft Notepad program. With this program, u can also create html files by saving the file as ".html"
.wav : This is a wav file, used to play a song or sound. But this file will be very big, like for example, if I only say 'anh yêu em', it may take up to 200kb. If u see the page "www.angelfire.com/mac/jorvan/Koe.html", it has my voice recordings there to download. There're in wav files. To put a wav file on a page, use the "embed src" tag, and to download a wav file from a page, use "a href" tag in the same manner as a link.
.mid : This is a midi file, used to play a song or sound. It uses much less space than wav file. A midi file music may take abt 50kb only. If u see our Jukebox, it has many midi files, each midi file holds a song. To put a midi file on a page, use the "embed src" tag, and to download a midi file from a page, use "a href" tag in the same manner as a link.

3) Concepts abt learning other related programs/softwares :
Umm, besides learning html in my classes, student should also take the opportunity to develop urself further by learning other computer programs/softwares. ;) Although it's not really necessary to learn further coz with html alone u can create a HP, but teacher wants student to be a better developer by having wider knowledge of related items. ;) Hik, and of coz, teacher Jordy will be around u everytime to guide u until u become as good or better than him. ;) Dear, if ur home PC have these programs, try to "play around" with them and get used to the functions(if anything, ask me) :
i) Microsoft Photo Editor : This program is the basic for u to edit the sizes of pics. It can be found in almost every home PC, and normally comes with the complete Microsoft Office package. In this program, u can cut pic, resize, sharpen, etc. But the only setback is that when we save a pic again and again, it becomes blurrer and blurrer.
ii) Microsoft Paint : This one, select from accessories. Hik, u should have, if not throw ur PC away. ;p With Paint, u can cut pic, add words, decorate things, but the options are not as much as Photo Editor. Also, the graphics are not so fine and nice.
iii) Microsoft GIF Animator : This program u have to buy CD and install. It's only a small program, but can make beautiful moving pictures. It involved combining many single pics and make it into one pic that can move or animate. Hik, like a blinking star or kissing lips. ;)
iv) Adobe Photoshop Version 5, 6 or 7 : Now this program is fantastic for making/editing images, much better than Photo Editor. It can resize ur pic nicely, make borders, add words or graphics, make layers, etc. It's wonderful and the color is nice too. ;) Many things here that u can do, but it'll take u some time to learn it. Also, u have to get CD to install this program. Another software similar to Adobe Photoshop is Paint Shop Pro. But I prefer Adobe more, it's more organized.
v) Microsoft Notepad : Now this one u should also have in ur home PC. The basic objective is for u to write things, and the file takes very little space. It's easy to use and understand. The Notepad is only a simple program, but it can do many wonders. Like for example, u can type html tags there, then save the file as ".html" and it will become a html file. ;)
vi) Vista Scan : This is the program u'll need for scanning things from scanner. Well, look at it this way. If ppl dunno Vista Scan, then they can't be a complete HP developer. Coz a good HP developer must be able to do imaging programs as well as scan pics. Dear, I think u used this before to scan pics for me, so this should be ok for u. There are other scanning programs, like for example Kodak Imaging, etc, but the main thing is, u must be able to scan things. ;)

There are also other programs for u to learn besides those I mentioned above, but these are just some of the common ones u can find around every home PC/computer shop. Also, if u have chance, u can check these programs/softwares out also(but the top ones are more important) :
vi) Microsoft Front Page : For u to make a HP the easy way. Just click some buttons and the design will come out together with the html coding for u. Sounds easy and better than my teaching right? Hihi, but too bad, coz u won't learn much from it. The best is, to start all from blank page and from the first tag, "html". Then, u'll learn much. Besides, u won't have to depend on Front Page if suddenly ur PC doesn't have this program.
iv) Netscape Composer : Same function like Front Page, but Composer is made by Netscape company wherelse Front Page is by Microsoft.

4) Some concepts abt internet :
Besides, if u have time, u can look around the buttons of ur Internet Explorer browser(at home or service) to see the things and know their importance. ;) Umm, of coz it's not necessary to know every button, but take note of these important ones :
i) Internet Options :This is one of the most useful tools in the Internet Explorer program/browser. It determines whether or not u can excess internet throught ur PC(but of coz, u have to get connected first), then it also determines how u can view pages on Internet, etc(there're many things, so u must have a lok at it before I describe further). Also on this button, u can check/control ur History(pages ppl have viewed before), the Temporary Internet Files(the folder that keeps the things u viewed on net), the Cookies(all info abt users of a site readable by computer), and also the Downloaded Program Files(files that u have downloaded for that PC.
ii) Bookmark :This function is a common one, where internet users come across a website they like and they want to remember it for viewing the next time. So they 'bookmark' the page and the next time they come to use the same PC, they just choose the page from the bookmarked list. For how to bookmark a page, just go to the Favorites button on Internet Explorer program, and choose 'Add to Favorites'.
iii) Font size and Language Encoding :These options come under the View button. U can select the font size on the website u are viewing, such as large, largest, medium, small, smallest. Take not that this is not the same as font for html tag. This one is only for viewing and does not change the html tag on the page u made. For language encoding, normally it'll be set to Windows Western European, but sometimes it could be changed by someone. So if u see some fonts on page appearing as weird symbols, then select View, the go to Encoding and change the language.

Next, when using internet, u have to know a bit abt the concept and meaning of IP(Internet Protocol). While trying to understand everything abt IP takes sometime, especially the technical aspects, but I feel that it'll be better if u know a bit rather than not knowing anything at all. ;) OK, here, I'll try to explain in simple ways, and using normal english.
i) An IP has 4 parts :This is first thing u have to know. An IP has 4 parts(I call it this way in normal english). For example: 111.222.33.444, or in the real world, like : 203.162.54.27 . Here, u have to see all the 4 parts then only u can determine the user. If u can only see first 3 parts, then u can't tell if the user is from same place as another user. For example, in Alamak we always get to see the first 3 parts only. So if chatter A has IP 203.162.4 on screen and chatter B has IP 203.162.4 on screen, that doesn't necessarily mean that they are from same place or same person. They may be same, or they may not. You have to check the 4th part, which may require some special things.
ii) A user can have one unique IP at a time :Yes, only one IP at a time, everytime u are connected to the internet. Like for example, if u enter internet today u may get IP 203.192.36.157, but only u will have this IP(all the 4 parts). But for organizations or networked PCs sharing one or more servers, everyone in the organization may have the same IP(yes, all the 4 parts). For example, organization ABC has IP 203.67.123.66, then all the workers inside will have the same IP. Networked PCs, like internet service, may also have the same IP coz the owner will connect to internet once and everyone will use the same connection.
Even though users can have one unique IP at a time, that also doesn't mean that they can have the same everyday. Like today if u have IP 203.192.36.157, tomorrow this IP may be used by another person, even if u come back to the same PC. IP concepts may be confusing sometimes, but it can differentiate an internet user from another.
iii) IP can tell country, but not everytime :Yes, it can tell a country. For example, if we route the IP 203.192.36.158 we can tell it's from Vietnam. But if we just look at another IP with first part 203, we can't tell that's it's also from VN, coz the second and third part may be different.
Sometimes an IP can't tell us exactly the country where the user comes from. Let me give u an example. If in HCMC there's an American company, then the company may choose to use the server back in America, and not a server in VN. So, in this case even if u're in HCMC working for the American company, you'll be using the American IP. Then, ppl would think that u're in America.


Well, so much for boring theories and concepts. You like creating HP more right? Hihihi, me too, but u know, we must at least know a bit of HP/internet concepts. ;) OK, we proceed to next Tutorial.
LOVE YOU VERY MUCH MY DEAREST WIFE~!!