Sources:
- Cordingly, David. Under The Black Flag. Random House. New York: 1995.
- Farnham, Alan. “Pirates! Get Set to have your Timbers Shivered: Brigands Sack Some 120 Ships a year.” Fortune. 15 July 1991. Vol. 124, p 112.
- Gottschalk, Jack A. and Brian P. Flanagan. Jolly Roger with an UZI: The Rise and Threat of Modern Piracy. Naval Institute Press. Annapolis, MD: 2000.
- King Richard. “Those in Peril on the Sea.” Economist Newspaper, Ltd. 9 August 1997. General Reference Center Gold (online).
- Laland, Patricia. “Pirates.” Early American Homes. June 1998. Vol. 29, p 62. General Reference Center Gold (online).
- Mitchell, David. Pirates: An Illustrated History. Thames & Hudson, Ltd. London: 1976.
- Moulier, Philippe. “Pirates? What Pirates? A Growing Problem the Shipping Industry would like to Ignore.” U.S. News & World Report: 1997. General Reference Center Gold (online).
- Mueller. G.O.W. and Freda Adler. Outlaws of the Ocean. Hearst Marine Books. New York: 1985.
- “Pirates and Piracy.” Encyclopedia Britannica. 1962 ed., Vol. 17, p 951-952.
- Thomson, Janice E. Mercenaries, Pirates, and Sovereigns. Princeton University Press. Princeton, NJ: 1994.