Departamentos. Amazonas | Huanuco | Moquegua | Ancash | Ica | Pasco | Apurimac | Junin | Piura | Arequipa | La Libertad | Puno | Ayacucho | Lambayeque | San Martin | Cajamarca | Lima | Tacna | Cusco | Loreto | Tumbes | Huancavelica | Madre de Dios | Ucayali |
Callao. | |
Patron Saint : Joseph, Rose of Lima
Currency : Nuevo Sol (NS) = 100 Centavos
National holiday : Independence Day, 28 July (1821)
Highest Point : Nevado Huascaran 6,768 m
Longest River :
Wojewodztwa. Dolnoslaskie | Podkarpackie | Kujawsko-Pomorskie | Podlaskie | Lodzkie | Pomorskie | Lubelskie | Slaskie | Lubuskie | Swietokrzyskie | Malopolskie | Warminsko-Mazurskie | Mazowieckie | Wielkopolskie | Opolskie | Zachodniopomorskie | |
Patron Saint : Casimir, Florian, Mary, 'Queen of Poland', Stanislaus, Adalbert, Stanislaus Kostka
Currency : Zloty (Zl) = 100 Groszy
National holiday : Constitution Day, 3 May (1791)
Highest Point : Rysy 2,499 m
Longest River : Vistula
Patron Saint : Anthony of Padua, Francis Borgia, Gabriel the Archangel, George, Immaculate Conception of Mary
Currency : Euro = 100 cents
National holiday : Portugal Day, 10 June (1580)
Highest Point : Ponta do Pico (Pico Alto) 2,351 m
Longest River : Douro
Polish Presidents.
President of the National Homeland Council
1 Jan 1944 4 Feb 1947 Boleslaw Bierut PPR
President of the Republic
5 Feb 1947 20 Nov 1952 Boleslaw Bierut PPR, PZPR
Presidents of the Council of State
20 Nov 1952 7 Aug 1964 Aleksander Zawadzki
7 Aug 1964 11 Apr 1968 Edward Ochab
11 Apr 1968 23 Dec 1970 Marian Spychalski PZPR
23 Dec 1970 28 Mar 1972 Józef A. Z. Cyrankiewicz PZPR
28 Mar 1972 6 Nov 1985 Henryk Jablonski PZPR
6 Nov 1985 19 Jul 1989 Wojciech Jaruzelski PZPR/military
Presidents of the Republic
19 Jul 1989 22 Dec 1990 Wojciech Jaruzelski n/p
22 Dec 1990 23 Dec 1995 Lech Walesa Solidarnosc
23 Dec 1995 23 Dec 2005 Aleksander Kwasniewski SdRP/SLD
23 Dec 2005 Lech Kaczynski PiS
Polish Prime Ministers.
1 Jan 1945 4 Feb 1947 Edward Osóbka-Morawski PPS
7 Feb 1947 20 Nov 1952 Józef A. Z. Cyrankiewicz PPR, PZPR
20 Nov 1952 19 Mar 1954 Boleslaw Bierut PZPR
19 Mar 1954 23 Dec 1970 Józef A. Z. Cyrankiewicz PZPR
23 Dec 1970 18 Feb 1980 Piotr Jaroszewicz PZPR
18 Feb 1980 24 Aug 1980 Edward Babiuch PZPR
24 Aug 1980 9 Feb 1981 Józef Pinkowski PZPR
9 Feb 1981 12 Dec 1981 Wojciech Jaruzelski PZPR
12 Dec 1981 22 Jul 1983 Gen. Jaruzelski WRON, military junta
22 Jul 1983 6 Nov 1985 Wojciech Jaruzelski PZPR
6 Nov 1985 27 Sep 1988 Zbigniew Messner PZPR
27 Sep 1988 2 Aug 1989 Mieczyslaw F. Rakowski PZPR
2 Aug 1989 24 Aug 1989 Czeslaw Kiszczak PZPR
24 Aug 1989 4 Jan 1991 Tadeusz Mazowiecki Solidarnosc
4 Jan 1991 6 Dec 1991 Jan Krzysztof Bielecki KLD
6 Dec 1991 5 Jun 1992 Jan Olszewski PC
5 Jun 1992 8 Jul 1992 Waldemar Pawlak PSL
8 Jul 1992 26 Oct 1993 Hanna Suchocka UD
26 Oct 1993 6 Mar 1995 Waldemar Pawlak PSL
6 Mar 1995 7 Feb 1996 Józef Oleksy SdRP/SLD
7 Feb 1996 17 Oct 1997 Wlodzimierz Cimoszewicz SdRP/SLD
17 Oct 1997 31 Oct 1997 Marek Belka SdRP/SLD (acting)
31 Oct 1997 19 Oct 2001 Jerzy Karol Buzek RS AWS/AWS
19 Oct 2001 2 May 2004 Leszek Miller SLD
2 May 2004 31 Oct 2005 Marek Belka SLD, n/p
31 Oct 2005 14 Jul 2006 Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz PiS
14 Jul 2006 16 Nov 2007 Jaroslaw Kaczynski PiS
16 Nov 2007 Donald Tusk PO
PORTUGAL.
Royalty
Presidents / Dictators
The capital city of the Portugal is Lisbon and the country is divided up into Distritos (districts) and Regioes Autonomas (autonomous regions).
Distritos
Aveiro Leiria
Beja Lisboa
Braga Portalegre
Braganca Porto
Castelo Branco Santarem
Coimbra Setubal
Evora Viana do Castelo
Faro Vila Real
Guarda Viseu
Regioes Autonomas
Acores Madeira
Portuguese Royalty.
Count/Countess of Portugal
868 873 Vímara Peres
873 Lucídio Vimaranes
924 Onega Lucides
Diogo Fernandes
924 950 Mumadona Dias
Mendo Gonçalves
950 999 Gonçalo Mendes
999 1008 Gonçalves Mendo II
1008 1015 Alvito Nunes
1017 1028 Ilduara Mendes
Nuno Alvites
1028 1050 Mendo Nunes
1050 1071 Nuno Mendes
1759 1788 Charles III
1788 1808 Charles IV
1808 1808 Ferdinand VII
1808 1808 Charles IV
House of Burgundy
1093 1112 Henrique
1112 1126 Teresa
1126 1139 Afonso
House of Burgundy, or Afonsine Dynasty
1139 1185 Afonso I
1185 1211 Sancho I
1211 1223 Afonso II
1223 1247 Sancho II
1247 1279 Afonso III
1279 1325 Dinis
1325 1357 Afonso IV
1357 1367 Pedro I
1367 1383 Fernando I
1383 1385 Beatriz
1211 1223 Afonso II
1223 1247 Sancho II
House of Aviz, or Joannine Dynasty
1385 1433 João I
1433 1438 Duarte
1438 1481 Afonso V
1481 1495 João II
House of Aviz-Beja
1495 1521 Manuel I
1521 1557 João III
1557 1578 Sebastião
1578 1580 Henrique
1580 1580 António
Portuguese House of Habsburg, or Philippine Dynasty
1581 1598 Filipe I (Felipe II in Spain)
1598 1621 Filipe II (Felipe III in Spain)
1621 1640 Filipe III (Felipe IV in Spain)
House of Braganza, or Brigantine Dynasty
1640 1656 João IV
1656 1667 Alphonzo VI
1667 1706 Pedro II
1706 1750 João V
1750 1777 José I
1777 1816 Maria I
Pedro III
1816 1826 João VI
1826 1826 Pedro IV (Pedro I in Brazil)
1826 1828 Maria II
1828 1834 Miguel
1834
1836 1853 Maria II
Fernando II
House of Braganza-Wettin (Saxe-Coburg & Gotha)
1853 1861 Pedro V
1861 1889 Luís I
1889 1908 Carlos I
1908 1910 Manuel II
Portuguese Presidents.
Provisional Government of the Republic
1910 1911 Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga Republican
First Republic
1911 1915 Manuel José de Arriaga Brum da Silveira e Peyrelongue Republican
Democratic
1915 1915 Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga Democratic
1915 1918 Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães Democratic
1918 1918 Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais "Sidonist"
1918 1919 João do Canto e Castro da Silva Antunes "Sidonist"
1919 1923 António José de Almeida Evolutionist Republican
Liberal Republican
1923 1925 Manuel Teixeira Gomes Democratic
1925 1926 Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães Democratic
Ditadura Nacional (Dictatorship)
1926 1926 José Mendes Cabeçadas Júnior Military Officer
1926 1926 Manuel de Oliveira Gomes da Costa Military Officer
Estado Novo ( Second Republic)
1926
1932 1932
1951 António Óscar Fragoso Carmona Military officer
National Union
1951 1951 António de Oliveira Salazar National Union
1951 1958 Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes National Union
1958
1968 1968
1974 Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás National Union
Popular National Action
Third Republic (Democracy)
1974 1974 António Sebastião Ribeiro de Spínola Military officer
1974 1976 Francisco da Costa Gomes Military officer
1976 1986 António dos Santos Ramalho Eanes Military officer
Democratic Renovator
1986 1996 Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares Socialist
1996 2006 Jorge Fernando Branco de Sampaio Socialist
2006 Aníbal António Cavaco Silva Social Democratic
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