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The Player's

The Rockefeller's 

 

John D. Rockefeller in 1928

ROCKEFELLER FAMILY. Beginning with John D. Rockefeller, Sr., the Rockefeller family established itself as one of the greatest industrial and philanthropic families in American history.

 


John D. Rockefeller Sr.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   John Davison Rockefeller, Sr., (1839-1937) was born on July 8, 1839, in Richford, N.Y. Rockefeller moved with his family to Ohio, where he completed his high school education. In 1863 Rockefeller built his first petroleum refinery near Cleveland, Ohio, after observing the commercial potential of oil production in western Pennsylvania. In 1870 Rockefeller, along with his associates who included his older brother William, incorporated his petroleum holdings into the Standard Oil Company (Ohio). Rockefeller bought out his competitors or put them out of business through tactics that included price cutting and the acquisition of such supporting enterprises as pipelines, oil terminals, and cooperage plants. By 1881, when Rockefeller formed a trust with nine directors to control Standard Oil and its affiliates, he had a near monopoly of the petroleum industry in the United States.

   Public hostility against monopolies in general and against Standard Oil specifically led to the passage of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890). In 1892 Rockefeller was forced to dissolve the trust. He then placed control of his properties in companies located in various states and in 1899 brought the companies together in a holding company--the Standard Oil Company (New Jersey). In 1911 the United States Supreme Court declared this illegal, and the properties were separated.

   From 1897 Rockefeller had turned his interests toward philanthropy. He endowed the University of Chicago and ultimately gave the school more than 80 million dollars. He endowed major philanthropic institutions, including the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research (later Rockefeller University) in New York City (1901), the General Education Board (1902), the Rockefeller Foundation (1913), and the Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial Foundation (1918), named for his late wife. Rockefeller died on May 23, 1937, in Ormond Beach, Fla.

 

John D. Rockefeller Jr.

 

   John Davison Rockefeller, Jr., (1874-1960) was the only son and heir of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. He was born on Jan. 29, 1874, in Cleveland, Ohio. After graduating from Brown University in 1897, he worked in family enterprises. In New York City he financed the Rockefeller Center and also made large contributions to the Museum of Modern Art and the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts. Rockefeller donated money to restore colonial Williamsburg, Va. During World War II he helped establish the United Service Organizations (USO). By donating land in New York City, Rockefeller was instrumental in the decision to locate the United Nations headquarters in the United States. Rockefeller had one daughter, Abby (born 1903), and five sons: John D. III, Nelson, Laurance, Winthrop, and David. John D. Rockefeller, Jr. died on May 11, 1960, in Tucson, Ariz.

 

John D. Rockefeller III

   John D. Rockefeller III (1906-78) was born on March 21, 1906, in New York City. He graduated from Princeton University in 1929 and served on the boards of several family philanthropies. Rockefeller endowed the India International Center and the Asia Society. His son, John D. Rockefeller IV (born 1937), served as governor of West Virginia from 1977 to 1985. John D. Rockefeller III died on July 10, 1978.

 

   Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (1908-79) was born on July 8, 1908, in Bar Harbor, Me. He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1930 and, after working in various branches of family business, entered public service. Rockefeller held numerous federal posts, including under secretary of state (1944), head of the International Development Advisory Board (1950-52), and under secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (1953-55). He was elected governor of New York in 1958 and reelected in 1962, 1966, and 1970. Rockefeller unsuccessfully sought the Republican presidential nomination three times (1960, 1964, and 1968). In 1974 Rockefeller was sworn in as vice-president under President Gerald Ford and served until the term ended in 1977. Rockefeller died on Jan 26, 1979, in New York City.

 

   Laurance Spelman Rockefeller (born 1910) was born on May 26, 1910, in New York City. After graduating from Princeton University in 1932, he worked in business and participated in the founding of Eastern Airlines. Rockefeller had a special interest in conservation. He served on the boards of the American Conservation Association and the Citizens Advisory Committee on Environmental Quality.

 

   Winthrop Rockefeller (1912-73) was born on May 1, 1912, in New York City. He worked for various family interests before moving to Arkansas, where he served as governor from 1967 to 1971. Winthrop Rockefeller died in Palm Springs, Calif., on Feb. 22, 1973.

 

David Rockefeller

   David Rockefeller (born 1915) was born on June 12, 1915, in New York City. He graduated from Harvard University in 1936 and did graduate work in economics at Harvard, the London School of Economics, and the University of Chicago. In 1946 he joined the staff of Chase National Bank (later Chase Manhattan Bank), serving as chairman of the board from 1969 to 1981 and as chief executive officer (1969-80).

 

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