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Azerbaijan is situated in the
eastern part of Transcaucasia on the Caspian Sea coast. Area occupies
86,600 Square Kilometers. It borders on Iran and Turkey in the South,
Russia and Georgia in the north west and Armenia in the West.
The capital is Baku
(about 3000000 people).
The Azeri is language of
Azerbaijan.
The majority of the
people are Muslims.
The population is more
than 8 million. The population consists of 90% Azeris, 3.2% Dagestani
peoples, 2.5% Russians, 2.3% Armenians, 2% of Jews, Talysh, Kurds,
Avars, Udins, Lezghins, Turks, Georgians, Ukrainians, German and other
nationalities.
There are more than 1,000
rivers in Azerbaijan. The Kura (1415 km), the largest river of
Transcaucasia, flows through Azerbaijan from northwest to southeast and
empties into the Caspian Sea. The main tributary of the Kura (in
Sabirabad) is the Araks. Most Azerbaijani rivers are in the Kura basin.
In the plains the rivers are used for irrigation. The large Mingaevir
Hydroelectric Power Plant and the Mingaevir Reservoir, 605 sq km in
area, are on the Kura. Most of the 250 lakes in Azerbaijan are small.
The largest are Lake Hajikabul, with an area of 16 sq km, and Lake
Boyukshor, with an area of 10 sq km.
Azerbaijan has a unique
climate compilation, nine climatic zones out of thirteen existing. These
range from arid subtropical and humid subtropical climates to
mountainous tundra climate. The mean annual temperature ranges from 15°C
in the lowlands to 0°C in the mountains. The mean temperatures in July
are 26°C in the lowlands and 5°C in the highlands. The summers are dry
in the lowlands. The distribution of annual rainfall is highly uneven:
250-300 mm in the coastal region and in the southeastern lowlands;
300-950 mm in the foothills of the medium-elevation mountains;
1,000-1,300 mm on the southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus; and
1,100-1,400 mm in the southern Lankran Lowland. In the Lankran Lowland
precipitation falls in the winter; in the mountains and foothills it
falls primarily from April to September.
The National Hymn
of Azerbaijan
 
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