Definition of a map- A map is a systematic representation of a portion of the earths surface plotted to scale upon a plain surface as seen from above.

Topographic map- the type of map the army uses for land navigation.

Elevation-The height of vertical distance of land above or below sea level. Elevation is expressed in either meters or feet.

3Norths:

Grid north-The north established by the grid lines on a map. It is shown by the letters GN at the end of the line.

True North-a line from any position of the earth's surface to the geographic north pole.True north is represented by a star on declination diagrams.

Magnetic North-is the direction in which the magnetic arrow of a magnetic compass points. It is represented by half an arrowhead at the end of the line.

5 Colors on a Map:

1.Green-vegetation

2.Red-major highways

3.blue water

4.black-man made object

5.brown-elevation/contour lines

               

   Hilltop                                     Depression                           valley                          ridge 

Saddle