Discoveries: Table of Contents
THE EXTENT AND CHARACTER OF OUR COUNTRY — THE FORM OF ITS GOVERNMENT — ITS DISCOVERY BY NORWEGIANS — ICELANDIC NAVIGATORS — THEIR ATTEMPTS TO FOUND A COLONY HERE — TRADITIONS RESPECTING OTHER DISCOVERIES — THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.
INDIAN POPULATION AT THE BEGINNING OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY — THEIR LANGUAGE, RELIGION, GOVERNMENT, RECORDS, LITERATURE, DOMESTIC AND MILITARY HABITS, AND THEIR PHYSICAL AND MENTAL CHARACTERISTICS — THE IROQUOIS CONFEDERACY — THEIR CIVIL AND MILITARY GOVERNMENT — THE FIVE NATIONS — THE STORY OF HI-A-WAT-HA — ORIGIN 9F THE CONFEDERACY — GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE INDIANS.
THE INDIANS OF THE GULF REGION — THEIR RELIGIOUS CEREMONIES AS SUN-WORSHIPERS — THEIR DOMESTIC HABITS, COSTUMES, DWELLINGS AND PRODUCTIONS — THEIR MILITARY DEFENSES AND WAR-LIKE OPERATIONS — THEIR MARRIAGE AND FUNERAL CEREMONIES — THE FATE OF THE INDIANS — EUROPEAN SOCIETY IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY — THEORIES RESPECTING THE SHAPE OF THE EARTH — DISCOVERIES BY THE PORTUGUESE — POPULAR TRADITIONS CONCERNING THE ATLANTIC OCEAN — CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS: HIS THEORIES AND ASPIRATIONS — HIS FAMILY RELATIONS AND EARLY VOYAGES — HIS EFFORTS TO OBTAIN MEANS FOR MAKING A VOYAGE OF DISCOVERY — CONDUCT OF THE KING OF PORTUGAL.
COLUMBUS AT THE CONVENT OF DE RABIDA — ASKS AID OF THE SOVEREIGNS OF SPAIN — THE SPANISH MONARCHY AT THAT TIME — COLUMBUS KEPT IN SUSPENSE — THE COUNCIL AT SALAMANCA — DELAYS AND DISAPPOINTMENTS — QUEEN ISABELLA RESOLVES TO FIT OUT VESSELS FOR COLUMBUS — HE IS APPOINTED ADMIRAL AND SAILS FOR PALOS — THE VOYAGE WESTWARD — DISCOVERS AN ISLAND SUPPOSED TO BE A PART OF THE EAST INDIES — LANDS, TAKES POSSESSION, AND CALLS THE NATIVE INHABITANTS INDIANS.
COLUMBUS DISCOVERS CUBA AND SAN DOMINGO — LEAVES A COLONY ON SAN DOMINGO — THEIR CONDUCT THERE — COLUMBUS RETURNS TO SPAIN — UNRIGHTEOUS AMBITION OF PINZON DEFEATED — COLUMBUS INVITED TO THE COURT — HIS BRILLIANT RECEPTION AT BARCELONA — HIS AUDIENCE WITH THE SOVEREIGNS — COLUMBUS AT THE FEAST GIVEN BY CARDINAL MENDOZA — HE MAKES OTHER VOYAGES AND DISCOVERS SOUTH AMERICA — HE IS FALSELY ACCUSED AND SENT FROM SAN DOMINGO TO SPAIN IN CHAINS — INDIGNATION OF ISABELLA — INGRATITUDE AND INJUSTICE OF FERDINAND — COLUMBUS DIES IN POVERTY AND NEGLECTED — HIS REMAINS — A MONUMENT TO HIS MEMORY IN GENOA.
HENRY THE SEVENTH OF ENGLAND — HE COMMISSIONS THE CABOTS TO MAKE DISCOVERIES — VOYAGE AND DISCOVERIES OF SEBASTIAN CABOT — KING HENRY'S AMBITIOUS DESIGNS — CABOT IN SPAIN — AMERICUS VESPUCCIUS — HIS PRETENDED FIRST DISCOVERY OF AMERICA — HOW, BY FRAUD, OUR CONTINENT WAS CALLED BY HIS NAME — THE POPE'S GIFT OF AMERICA TO THE SPANISH MONARCH — VOYAGES OF CORTEREAL TO LABRADOR AND THEIR RESULTS — YOUNG COLUMBUS IN SAN DOMINGO — DISCOVERY OF CENTRAL AMERICA — PONCE DE LEON's SEARCH FOR THE FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH, AND DISCOVERY OF FLORIDA — DISCOVERY OF SOUTH CAROLINA — CRUEL TREATMENT OF NATIVES AND THEIR REVENGE — ATTEMPTS TO COLONIZE CENTRAL AMERICA — THE SPANIARDS IN CUBA — THEIR INTRODUCTION OF CHRISTIANITY TO THE NATIVES OF THAT ISLAND.
THE SPANIARDS ON THE ISTHMUS OF DARIEN — THEIR CRUEL TREATMENT OF THE NATIVES — STORY OF THE DISCOVERY OF THE PACIFIC OCEAN, BY VASCO NUÑEZ DE BALBOA — HE TAKES POSSESSION OF IT IN THE NAME OF THE SPANISH MONARCHS — TIDINGS OF PERU — DEATH OF NUÑEZ — CUBA CONQUERED — HERNANDO CORTEZ — STORY OF THE CONQUEST OF MEXICO — SUCCESS AND CRUELTIES OF THE SPANIARDS IN MEXICO — CAPTURE OF ITS CAPITAL — DESTRUCTION OF IDOLS — ATTEMPTED CONQUEST OF FLORIDA BY NARVAEZ — DREADFUL SUFFERINGS OF THAT LEADER AND HIS FOLLOWERS — THEIR DESTRUCTION.
DE SOTO COMMISSIONED TO CONQUER AND GOVERN FLORIDA — HIS EXPERIENCE IN THE DOMINIONS OF A CREEK CHIEF — A FRIENDLY INDIAN QUEEN ON THE SAVANNAH RIVER — DE SOTO'S TREACHERY — HIS KIND RECEPTION IN THE COOSA COUNTRY — DE SOTO'S PERFIDY — HIS MARCH THROUGH ALABAMA — DE SOTO IS OUT GENERALLED BY THE EMPEROR TUSCALOOSA — TERRIBLE ENCOUNTER WITH THE ALABAMIANS AT THEIR CAPITAL — DE SOTO GOES FURTHER INTO THE INTERIOR — FATAL ENCOUNTERS WITH THE BARBARIANS — HE DISCOVERS THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER — HE CROSSES THAT STREAM AND MARCHES TOWARD THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS — DE SOTO RETURNS TO THE MISSISSIPPI AND DIES — HIS FOLLOWERS REACH MEXICO — DEATH OF HIS WIFE.
VOYAGE OF VERAZZANI — HE EXPLORES THE COASTS FROM NORTH CAROLINA TO NEWFOUNDLAND — KIDNAPS AN INDIAN BOY — CARTIER DISCOVERS THE GULF OF St. LAWRENCE — ON A SECOND VOYAGE HE DISCOVERS THE RIVER St. LAWRENCE AND NAMES BOTH — HE EXPLORES THE RIVER TO THE SITE OF MONTREAL — TAKES A DAUGHTER OF A HURON CHIEF TO FRANCE — HE WINTERS AT THE SITE OF QUEBEC — CARTIER KIDNAPS THE “ KING OF CANADA “ AND SOME OF HIS CHIEFS, AND TAKES THEM TO FRANCE — ENGLISH EXPLORERS — THEIR SUFFERINGS IN NEWFOUNDLAND — CARTIER'S THIRD VOYAGE TO THE St. LAWRENCE — HOSTILITIES OF THE NATIVES — THE LORD OF ROBERTVILLE ON THE St. LAWRENCE.
THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION — THE HUGUENOTS OR FRENCH PROTESTANTS — COLIGNI AND CATHARINE DE MEDICI — PERMISSION GRANTED FOR A FRENCH PROTESTANT SETTLEMENT IN AMERICA — A SETTLEMENT PLANTED ON THE COAST OF SOUTH CAROLINA — THE COLONY NEGLECTED — HELPED BY THE NATIVES — A HUGUENOT COLONY IN FLORIDA — FRIENDSHIP OF THE NATIVES — THEY BUILD A FORT ON THE St. JOHN'S RIVER — APPEARANCE THERE OF A SPANISH FLEET — THE COLONISTS WARNED CONCERNING IT — THE SPANIARDS LAND AT THE SITE OF St. AUGUSTINE — FRUITLESS EXPEDITION AGAINST THEM.
MENENDEZ — HIS LANDING ON THE COAST OF FLORIDA — THE FRENCH ON THE St. JOHN'S MASSACRED BY THE SPANIARDS — COMPLAINTS OF THE OUTRAGE UNHEEDED BY THE FRENCH MONARCH — THE CHEVALIER DE GOURGES AVENGES THE CRIME BY RETALIATION — THE FRENCH COURT FAVORS THE ROMAN CATHOLICS — WICKEDNESS OF CATHARINE DE MEDICI — THE MURDER OF COLIGNI — QUEEN ELIZABETH ESPOUSES COLIGNI'S PLAN FOR SETTLEMENT IN AMERICA — REPORTS CONCERNING THE WARMER REGIONS OF AMERICA RECEIVED FROM WALTER RALEIGH — FROBISHER'S VOYAGE IN SEARCH OF A NORTHWEST PASSAGE TO INDIA, AND FOR GOLD — HIS DISCOVERIES — THE GLOBE CIRCUMNAVIGATED BY DRAKE — HIS EXPLOITS AGAINST THE SPANIARDS.
SIR HUMPHREY GILBERT'S PATENT — CHARACTER OF WALTER RALEIGH — ILLUSTRATION OF HIS GALLANTRY — A FAVORITE OF QUEEN ELIZABETH — GILBERT AT NEWFOUNDLAND — IS LOST AT SEA — RALEIGH RECEIVES A CHARTER FROM THE QUEEN — SENDS AN EXPLORING EXPEDITION TO AMERICA — ITS CHEERING RESULTS — THE QUEEN NAMES THE REGION EXPLORED VIRGINIA — RALEIGH SENDS A COLONY TO VIRGINIA — BAD LEADERS PRODUCE GREAT DISASTERS — A COLONY OF WORKING PEOPLE SENT — FIRST ENGLISH CHILD BORN IN AMERICA — THE COLONY LOST — RALEIGH'S DEEDS, AND HIS SUFFERINGS AT THE HANDS OF A BAD KING — HIS DEATH ON THE SCAFFOLD.
EXPLORATIONS OF THE NEW ENGLAND COASTS BY ENGLISH NAVIGATORS — GRAND SCHEME FOR COLONIZING VIRGINIA PATRONIZED BY THE BRITISH MONARCH — CHARTERS GRANTED — ATTEMPTS OF THE FRENCH TO PLANT SETTLEMENTS IN AMERICA — SAMUEL CHAMPLAIN FOUNDS QUEBEC AND MONTREAL — HE DISCOVERS AND NAMES LAKE CHAMPLAIN — WITH THE HELP OF THE JESUITS HE ESTABLISHES THE FRENCH DOMINION IN AMERICA — THE STORY OF THE VOYAGES AND DISCOVERIES OF HENRY HUDSON — HIS SAD FATE — THE DISCOVERERS.