Oregon's $10 minimum tax has been in place since 1931 and is one of
the nation's lowest.
Two-thirds of Oregon corporations -- pay the minimum. Corporate
taxes make up about 5 percent of the state's general fund compared with
82 percent from personal income taxes.
Oregon’s tax structure is broken, and our elected officials are not
dealing with it. Corporations used to pay close to 20 percent of
Oregon’s income tax. Now they pay 4.6 percent, estimated to go to 4.4
percent by 2010.
Tax burden for companies in Oregon and Washington, each
of which has a piece of greater Portland, is lower than in most
other states, according to the Tax
Foundation. Ranking states for "best business tax
climate,"
the Foundation places Oregon 9th and Washington 12th.
Similarly, accounting experts at Ernst
& Young, who calculate "total effective tax rate" by
taking into account property, receipt and sales and income taxes, cite
Oregon's as second-lowest in the U.S., at 3.8%; Washington's is 5.8%.
Delaware's total effective tax rate is the nation's lowest, at 3.5%, and
Alaska's the highest, at 11.6%.
Greater Portland companies have another tax advantage on either side of
the Columbia. Oregon has no sales tax, which can be a boon for companies
making big equipment purchases. And Washington has no state income tax,
a selling point for prospective employees.
More tax facts:
Oregon's corporate income tax rate of 6.6% is
16th-lowest in the nation. California's rate of 8.8% ranks it
seventh-highest.
"The
US is actually a
corporate tax haven, with the lowest
effective corporate tax rates of nearly all the countries that
participate in the OECD. That's a little fact that the Tax Foundation
apparently doesn't want the American public to understand, since all its
hype is in terms of statutory rates and not in terms of effective tax
rates."
Effective tax rates varied widely by industry. Over the 2001-2003
period, industry effective tax rates for the 275 corporations ranged
from a low of 1.6 percent to a high of 27.7 percent.
In 2003, the range of industry tax rates was even
greater, ranging from a low of -30.0 percent (a negative rate) up to a
high of 27.9 percent.
Aerospace and defense companies enjoyed the
lowest effective tax rate over the three years, paying only 1.6
percent of their profits in federal income taxes. This industry's
taxes declined sharply over the three years, falling to -30.0
percent of profits in 2003.
Other very low-tax industries, paying less than
half the statutory 35 percent tax rate over the entire 2001-2003
period, included: transportation (4.3 percent), industrial and farm
equipment (6.2 percent), telecommunications (7.5 percent),
electronics and electrical equipment (10.8 percent), petroleum and
pipelines (13.3 percent), miscellaneous services (14.4 percent), gas
and electric utilities (14.4 percent), computers, office equipment,
software and data (16.0 percent), and metals & metal products (17.4
percent).
Corporations operating in Oregon are doing well
for themselves, but less well for Oregonians. In
the last few years, corporations have seen their
profits in Oregon skyrocket, more than doubling
since the beginning of the decade and hitting
record levels last year. Unfortunately for
Oregon's individual income taxpayers, corporate
income taxes remain low by historical standards.
Even though corporations made record profits
last year, individual Oregonians are still
picking up the slack for corporations who pay
less in corporate income taxes as a share of the
economy than they used to.
"The spread of evil is the symptom of a
vacuum. whenever evil wins, it is only by default: by the
moral failure of those who evade the fact that there can be
no compromise on basic principles."
Ayn Rand