Q&A: The Gaza Conflict
by Greg Myre
NPR.org,
January 6, 2009 ·
Israel and the Palestinians have been
shooting at each other in and around the
Gaza Strip almost daily for more than eight
years. It is the main battleground in the
Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and on Dec.
27, Israel launched its largest and
deadliest offensive in all those years of
fighting.
Here are some of the issues surrounding
the current battle:
Why has Israel undertaken such a
major offensive now?
In the last half of 2008, a
six-month truce kept the shooting to its
lowest level in years, although both sides
violated it. When the truce ended Dec. 19,
Hamas stepped up its rocket fire. Israel
then unleashed a major air campaign directed
at Hamas targets, followed by the ground
incursion on Jan. 3. Political factors also
appeared to play a role in the timing of the
Israeli campaign. President Bush's
administration has been strongly supportive
of Israel and has generally backed the
latest Israeli action. The incoming Obama
administration has refrained from taking any
clear position before assuming office on
Jan. 20. Also, Israel has elections planned
for Feb. 10.
Prime Minister Ehud Olmert is stepping
down, but his Kadima party and its coalition
partners want to show they are taking strong
action against security threats to Israel.
Israel has carried out repeated
military operations in Gaza since 2000 and
has never been able to stop the Palestinian
rocket fire. Is this time likely to be
different?
The scope of the Israeli operation is
much larger than any previous military
action. In the past, Israel often relied on
helicopters and unmanned drones to fire
relatively small missiles. This time, Israel
has called in F-16 fighter planes that have
dropped large bombs, flattening government
buildings.Previously, Israel feared heavy
casualties if it sent ground forces into the
congested cities and towns of Gaza. This
time, Israel has poured thousands of troops
into the coastal territory. While Israel has
already dealt Hamas a heavy blow, it is not
yet clear how Israel would prevent
Palestinian militants from rebuilding their
rocket arsenals once the Israeli troops are
gone.