Back to -- How to create a money making web site.
If you are confused about the whole web page creating process, bookmark this page and come back when you understand it some more. Take a look at some of the HTML beginner guides first. This article will make a lot more sense when you "get it."
Reprinted with permission of Holly M Burns of Dog Hause Designs.
By: Holly M. Burns, hollyb@dgsys.com
© 1997 Holly M. Burns
1. Using Frames
Often web designers break up the browser window with separate sub-windows.
These divisions are called frames. Although frames are supposed to help web
visitors navigate easier, frequently they just confuse them. When clicking
on an item to move forward, visitors are uncertain what information will
appear where, or in what sub-window. A sub-window used as a reference can
suddenly disappear and be filled with new information about the last thing
requested. And to make matters worse, after hitting the back arrow to return
to the sub-window, the visitor may be popped out of the entire web site
altogether, possibly jumping back several places to the earlier page, just
before entering the framed web site. This can be particularly frustrating
for the web visitor.
Another difficulty is many framed web sites depend on specific screen sizes. When a visitor with a different sized screen tries to view the framed page, all of the site's information may be garbled or misplaced. Designers who insist on using frames should create a no-frame version of their site, as well, for the people who prefer it.
2. Going Overboard with High Tech
Some designers delight in using little "tricks," such as input boxes, opening
new browser windows or background music. The first time a visitor experiences
these, the visitor may be impressed. However, after a few more visits, the
viewer will just be annoyed. It is best to stay away from these types of
things.
3. Under Construction Signs
All good web pages are always under construction, but some web designers
still insist on placing a under construction icon on their site. This graphic
comes from the designers feelings of insecurity. They know their page is
incomplete or not functioning, so they put up a little sign that is supposed
to excuse them from any problems their site may have. Problem sites are
recognizable with or without under construction signs. Good web designers
should not put up a site until they feel comfortable enough to display it
without the under construction warning.
[What
UC icons say about you!]
4. Misusing Graphics
No matter how fast an Internet connection is, the graphics on web sites take
a long time to load. Large graphics can take several minutes to load, because
the average computer user is only receiving 28,800 bits of information per
second. To avoid having people leave a site, due to boredom, designers must
omit large graphics or large amounts of graphics. When selecting images,
they should include only graphics that add value to their site content, and
they should "shrink" large graphics using computer software specifically
made to re-size images.
Because some users still cannot see pages graphically, a web site should not be overly dependent on graphics. For graphics that direct the visitor to an alternate location, designers should include a graphic's text equivalent through navigational bars, and the ALT attribute when using the IMG element. The ALT attribute allows web visitors who are using text based web browsers to view a short text description where graphics are normally displayed.
5. Ransom Notes Fonts
It is a problem with desktop designer newbies and now it is a problem with
web designer newbies. Designers are caught up in all the available fonts,
colors, sizes and styles, and they are using them all. Because text needs
to convey information, and not complicate it, good designers must limit
themselves to one or two fonts. Also, when text is too small or too large,
it is difficult to read. Type for body text should be set to "normal" while
headlines should be a little bigger (+1 to +3). Large body copy is distracting,
and a sure sign of the web designer's insecurity. "Big" information does
not hide a page's lack of content.
When emphasizing text, do not underline it. Highlight text by using bold, italics or different colors. Underlining makes words more difficult to read and it also confuses the web visitor, because text that links visitors to alternate locations, is underlined as well.
6. Complex Backgrounds
Many web sites offer libraries of background graphics that designers can
use free on their web sites. It is tempting to pick the most beautiful or
ornate background styles, but these should be avoided at all costs. A complex
background may make a beautiful art piece, but it does a lousy job as a backing
for text. It confuses the eye.
In this same vein, designers must remember to use contrasting colors for the background and the text. If a light text color is used on a light background, it will be hard to read, as dark text on a dark background will be hard to read as well.
For web visitors unable to view graphics, text should be readable for them as well. Even if the designers have a background image, they must assign a background color for their site that does not blend in with the text. For users who can see graphics, it will not make a difference because they will see the background graphic, and for users who cannot see the background graphic it will make all the difference in the world. Remember, type must always be readable.
7. Too Many Animations
Designers must never include more than one or two page elements that move
constantly. Moving images have an overpowering effect on vision and distract
the viewer from observing any other elements. These misused moving elements
include animated graphics, blinking text, and scrolling marquees.
8. Orphan Pages
All web pages should include a clear indication of what site they belong
to, because some users may access the minor pages indirectly without coming
through the main home page. For the same reason, every page on a web site
should have a link returning to its home page.
9. No Organization
Pages should be user-friendly. An index or menu helps the web visitor find
the desired information. To support simple navigation between the pages on
a web site, designers should use a similar layout between one page and the
next.
10. No Unique Content
One of the biggest threats to the Internet is the amazing number of people
beginning to use it. It is starting to become a large entanglement of meaningless
information. Many pages say nothing more than "This is my home page," with
a collection of links that connect to the same collections of sites as the
last page the web visitor just looked at. The real key is content. Before
any site is created, its designer should have something to say. The web site
should not restate what other web sites have said, and should not attempt
to create the ultimate navigational tool for web visitors. A page of only
links adds to the clutter and chaos of the web. There are plenty of great
search engines out there, like Yahoo and
Alta Vista, that already provide
an adequate assortment of links.
11. Too Many Ideas
Some people have too many things to say. They are excited about the opportunity
to make a web page, but they do not know why they want to make one or what
they want to accomplish by doing so. Many small business pages also include
hobbies and facts about their employees. Although personal information can
be interesting, it does not belong on a business web site. It is unprofessional.
Personal web sites can also run into the difficulty of mixed motifs. Some web designers start out by saying their name, and then talk about the company they work for, and then their pets, and then how much they like scuba diving, and then all the great things that can be done with shell fish. This information is unfocused and scattered, and does not display well on a web site. The web designer's solution is either to focus on one topic or to create a menu page that includes links which bring the visitor to separate pages for each topic.
12. No Authoritativeness
What makes the web so frustrating is that there are no tests or rules designers
have to take or follow before they can post information about anything, and
claim they are experts. A web page should be more then another unsubstantiated
source of information. Designers should include their names and credentials
on their web site, and provide the source materials and raw data to justify
any conclusions they may make.
13. Outdated Links or Information
If a page claims to be current, designers should put the time and effort
into it by keeping it current. No one wants to read outdated information
or see broken links
14. Negative Declarations
With the discouragement that some web designers receive after realizing how
hard it is to create a good web site, they become negative and insecure towards
their page and themselves. This frustration causes numerous designers to
put negative comments about their page through out it. It is not uncommon
to see a page start with, "This is my stupid page." Even though these statements
may help the web designers feel less embarrassed about their web pages, negative
statements make the site worse. Most web visitors are turned off by this
approach. If the page's own designer thinks the page is stupid, why would
any one else want to see it?
15. Link Problems
When creating documents, links should be meaningful and readable. The text
of links should flow well within the context of the rest of the text, and
the text should be able to stand alone as a printable document. Oftentimes
designers either make full lines of text link-able or use click-here statements
to navigate the web visitor. Instead, keywords should be highlighted and
link-able within the text.
Content is by far the most important element on any web page. If the page says nothing, the web visitor will leave. By avoiding these 15 mistakes, web designers can use design as a tool to enhance their sites' content, rather then distract from it.
© 1997 Holly M. Burns