COSTA
RICA ENDEMICS LIST |
|
|
MAINLAND ENDEMICS (COSTA RICA ONLY) |
Coppery-headed Emerald |
Elvira
cupreiceps |
Mangrove Hummingbird |
Amazilia
boucardi |
Cabanis's Ground-Sparrow |
Melozone
cabanisi |
Black-cheeked Ant-Tanager |
Habia
atrimaxillaris |
|
|
COCOS ISLAND ENDEMICS |
Cocos Cuckoo |
Coccyzus
ferrugineus |
Cocos Flycatcher |
Nesotriccus
ridgwayi |
Cocos Finch |
Pinaroloxias
inornata |
|
|
HIGHLAND
ENDEMICS (COSTA RICA AND WESTERN PANAMA) |
Black
Guan |
Chamaepetes
unicolor |
Black-breasted Wood-Quail |
Odontophorus
leucolaemus |
Chiriqui Quail-Dove |
Zentrygon
chiriquensis |
Buff-fronted Quail-Dove |
Zentrygon costaricensis |
Bare-shanked Screech-Owl*** |
Megascops
clarkii |
Costa Rican Pygmy-Owl |
Glaucidium
costaricanum |
Dusky Nightjar |
Antrostomus
saturatus |
Talamanca Hummingbird |
Eugenes
spectabilis |
Fiery-throated Hummingbird |
Panterpe
insignis |
Purple-throated Mountain-gem |
Lampornis
calolaemus |
White-throated Mountain-gem |
Lampornis
castaneoventris |
Magenta-throated Woodstar |
Calliphlox
bryantae |
Volcano Hummingbird |
Selasphorus flammula |
Scintillant Hummingbird |
Selasphorus
scintilla |
Black-bellied Hummingbird |
Eupherusa
nigriventris |
White-tailed Emerald |
Elvira
chionura |
Orange-bellied Trogon |
Trogon
aurantiiventris |
Prong-billed Barbet |
Semnornis
frantzii |
Red-fronted Parrotlet |
Touit
costaricensis |
Sulphur-winged Parakeet |
Pyrrhura
hoffmanni |
Ruddy Treerunner |
Margarornis
rubiginosus |
Streak-breasted Treehunter |
Thripadectes
rufobrunneus |
Silvery-fronted Tapaculo |
Scytalopus
argentifrons |
Dark Pewee |
Contopus
lugubris |
Ochraceous Pewee |
Contopus
ochraceus |
Black-capped Flycatcher |
Empidonax
atriceps |
Golden-bellied Flycatcher |
Myiodynastes
hemichrysus |
Yellow-winged Vireo |
Vireo
carmioli |
Silvery-throated Jay |
Cyanolyca
argentigula |
Ochraceous Wren |
Troglodytes
ochraceus |
Timberline Wren |
Thryorchilus
browni |
Black-faced Solitaire |
Myadestes melanops |
Black-billed Nightingale-Thrush |
Catharus
gracilirostris |
Sooty Thrush |
Turdus nigrescens |
Black-and-yellow Silky-flycatcher |
Phainoptila
melanoxantha |
Long-tailed
Silky-flycatcher |
Ptilogonys caudatus |
Flame-throated Warbler |
Oreothlypis
gutturalis |
Black-cheeked Warbler |
Basileuterus
melanogenys |
Costa Rican Warbler |
Basileuterus
melanotis |
Collared Redstart |
Myioborus
torquatus |
Spangle-cheeked Tanager |
Tangara
dowii |
Slaty Flowerpiercer |
Diglossa
plumbea |
Peg-billed Finch |
Acanthidops
bairdii |
Sooty-capped Chlorospingus |
Chlorospingus
pileatus |
Sooty-faced Finch |
Arremon
crassirostris |
Volcano Junco |
Junco
vulcani |
Large-footed Finch |
Pezopetes
capitalis |
Yellow-thighed Finch |
Pselliophorus
tibialis |
Wrenthrush (Zeledonia) |
Zeledonia
coronata |
Black-thighed Grosbeak |
Pheucticus
tibialis |
Golden-browed Chlorophonia |
Chlorophonia
callophrys |
|
|
LOWLAND
PACIFIC ENDEMICS (SOUTHERN COSTA RICA AND WESTERN PANAMA) |
Costa
Rican Swift |
Chaetura fumosa |
Veraguan
Mango |
Anthracothorax
veraguensis |
White-crested Coquette |
Lophornis
adorabilis |
Garden Emerald* |
Chlorostilbon
assimilis |
Charming Hummingbird |
Amazilia
decora |
Snowy-bellied Hummingbird |
Amazilia
edward |
Sapphire-throated Hummingbird*** |
Lepidopyga
coeruleogularis |
Baird's Trogon |
Trogon
bairdii |
Fiery-billed Aracari |
Pteroglossus
frantzii |
Golden-naped Woodpecker |
Melanerpes
chrysauchen |
Black-hooded Antshrike |
Thamnophilus
bridgesi |
Turquoise Cotinga |
Cotinga
ridgwayi |
Yellow-billed Cotinga |
Carpodectes
antoniae |
Orange-collared Manakin |
Manacus
aurantiacus |
Black-bellied Wren*** |
Pheugopedius
fasciatoventris |
Isthmian Wren |
Cantorchilus
elutus |
Riverside Wren |
Cantorchilus
semibadius |
Cherrie's Tanager |
Ramphocelus costaricensis |
Costa Rican Brushfinch |
Arremon
costaricensis |
Spot-crowned Euphonia |
Euphonia
imitans |
|
|
CARIBBEAN
SLOPE ENDEMICS (RANGES VARY FROM HONDURAS TO PANAMA) |
Black-eared
Wood-Quail |
Odontophorus
melanotis |
Purplish-backed
Quail-Dove |
Zentrygon
lawrencii |
White-bellied Mountain-gem |
Lampornis
hemileucus |
Snowcap |
Microchera
albocoronata |
Lattice-tailed Trogon |
Trogon
clathratus |
Yellow-eared Toucanet*** |
Selenidera
spectabilis |
Rufous-winged Woodpecker** |
Piculus
simplex |
Crimson-fronted Parakeet** |
Psittacara
finschi |
Streak-crowned Antvireo |
Dysithamnus
striaticeps |
Thicket Antpitta*** |
Hylopezus
dives |
Black-crowned Antpitta*** |
Pittasoma
michleri |
Tawny-chested Flycatcher |
Aphanotriccus
capitalis |
Snowy Cotinga |
Carpodectes
nitidus |
Bare-necked Umbrellabird |
Cephalopterus
glabricollis |
Black-throated Wren |
Pheugopedius atrogularis |
Stripe-breasted Wren |
Cantorchilus
thoracicus |
Canebrake Wren |
Cantorchilus
zeledoni |
White-throated Shrike-Tanager** |
Lanio
leucothorax |
Blue-and-gold Tanager |
Bangsia
arcaei |
Plain-colored Tanager |
Tangara
inornata |
Sulphur-rumped Tanager |
Heterospingus
rubrifrons |
Black-and-yellow Tanager |
Chrysothlypis chrysomelas |
Nicaraguan Seed-Finch |
Sporophila
nuttingi |
Nicaraguan Grackle |
Quiscalus
nicaraguensis |
Yellow-crowned Euphonia** |
Euphonia
luteicapilla |
Tawny-capped Euphonia*** |
Euphonia
anneae |
|
*also
present on Caribbean slope |
|
**also
present on southern Pacific slope |
|
***range
extends to northwestern Colombia |
|
Additionally,
the Hoffmann's Woodpecker (Melanerpes hoffmannii) is unique in being the only dry forest species endemic to the
region , it's range extends from southern Honduras to central Costa
Rica. |
|
And then there's the Three-wattled Bellbird (Procnias
tricarunculatus) that breeds in the highlands and
wanders widely throughout the lowlands after the breeding season—a bird
radio-tagged in Monteverde, Costa Rica was even located in eastern
Honduras!—and so does not easily fit in any one of the above geographical
divisions. |
|
All
in all, fully 10% of Costa Rica's avifauna is restricted to very limited
ranges within the southern half of the Central American isthmus, which is an
exceptionally high rate of endemism, even for the neotropics. |
|
Return to Richard
Garrigues' Home Page |
|
|