Diuretics
C: Furosemide
I: Edema of varied etiology including cardiac edema and renal edema in combination w/ appropriate therapy ascites due to cirrhosis of the liver, mechanical obstruction or cardiac failure mild or moderate hypertension.
D: adult edema 20-40 mg as a single IM/IV inj. Given slowly over 1-2min. If there is no response, increase by 20 mg increments every 2 or more hr. Acute pulmonary Edema 40 mg by slow IV. May repeat dose 1 hr later if required. Cerebral Edema initially 20-40mg IV Inj up to TID. Edema Due to burns patients w/ > 20 % body burns but w/ out shock 20-40mgIV w/ in a few hr or immediately after the appearance of the local edema. May repeat or increase dose if necessary. Hypertension 40-60mg daily as adjuvant therapy. Hypertensive crisis 40-60mg IV over 1-2mins. Children 0.4-0.6 mg/kg body wt. Up to a max of 20 mg. Daily. In hypertensive emergencies: 1-2mg/kg IV as single dose. Neonate Max:1mg/kg/day.
CI: Complete renal failure. Severe progressive renal disease w/ increasing azotaema & oliguria. Existing or impending hepatic coma. Electrolyte depletion. Severe hypokalemia, hypovolemia or hypertension. Jaundiced infants. Renal failure due to nephrotoxic or hepatotoxic poisoning.
SP: Dehydration; thrombosis; pancreatic disease; hypokalemia; hypovolemia or hypertension; salt or electrolyte deficiency; impaired glucose metabolism; gout; renal failure; liver cirrhosis w/ascites; pregnancy; lactation.
AR: Fluid or electrolyte imbalance; weakness fatigue; light-headedness or dizziness; muscle cramps; thirst, flushing and urinary frequency; paresthesia, blurred vision, postural hypotension ; leucopenia, agranulocytosis, xanthopsia & ototoxicity; allergic reactions eg skin rashes, hives or thrombocytopenia; anaphylactic reactions.
DI: Aminoglycosides, amphotheracin, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, cephalosporins, choral hydrate, clofibrates, corticosteroids, digoxin, hypoglycemic agents, hypotensive agents,indomethacin, lithium, probenecid, skeletal muscle relxants.
P/P: Amp 20mg/2ml x 5’s (P 1,240).
C:Furosemide 40mg, KCL 600mg.
I: Cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, renal &peripheral edema of various etiologies.
D: Adult 1 tab daily
CI: hyperkalemia, precomatose states a associated w/ liver cirrhosis, addison’s disease; concomitant administration of K- sparing diuretics; prostatic hypertrophy; impairment of micturition; latent diabetes.
SP: Renal insufficiency; 1st trimester of pregnancy.
AR: Rarely, allergic reaction; hyperruricemia; bone marrow depression.
DI: May diminish activity of pressor amines, potentiate effect of tubocurarine. Salicylates may produce salicylate intoxication. May enhance effect of hypotensive agents. May potentiate nephrotoxic effect of cephaloridine. Affected by cardiac glycosides, mineralocorticoids.
P/P: controlled- release tab 50’s (P495).
C: Aminophylline
I: disease of the CV system, bronchial asthma, bronchopneumionia, bronchitis & cardiac, pulmonary or renal edema, treatment of angina pectoris particularly due to coronary spasm in the paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea & relaxes painful spasm of the bile duct.
D: adult 5-6mg over 20-30 mins. Max 205mg/min by slow IV inj.
CI: Patients w/ MI
SP: Severe hypoxemia, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, liver disease, elderly neonates; history of peptic ulcer &those who have taken any theophylline prep in the previous 48hrs.
AR: Gl disturbances; visual disorders, insomnia, headache, anxiety, confusion restlessness, hyperventilation, vertigo, palpitations. Severe overdosage: maniacal behavior, repeated vomiting w/ extreme thirst, delirium, hyperthermia, convulsions; hypotension.
P/P: Amp. 25mg/ml x 10 ml x 100’s (2.600).
