Hypermedia systems provide an easy and flexible methods for user-driven access to information . Despite this flexiblity features, however, hypermedia systems could disorientate user in the fast growing information space. Adaptive hypermedia systems is a direction of research within the area of user-adaptive systems which its objective is to increase the usability of hypermedia, making it a much more reliable sources of information. The adaptive hypermedia system builds a model of the goals, prefences and knowledge of individual user as an adaption to the needs of the users. Useful resources:
- An overview of adaptive hypermedia slides. Covers a brief introduction to adaptive hypermedia and its techniques.
- The Next Big Thing: Adaptive Web-Based Systems , Journal of Digital Information, Vol. 5 Issue 1 Article No. 247, 2004-05-27. A good article as an introduction to adaptive hypermedia systems which include discussion on the relevant issues, challenges and future outlook of AHS.
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Adaptive Hypermedia Architecture (AHA!) is an adaptive hypermedia architecture which is based on the Adaptive Hypermedia Application Model (AHAM). Most of the AHA! are built for a specific application domain such as education or information retrieval. An on-line course with user guidance through conditional explanations and conditional link hiding is an example of how AHA! is used as an education application.
The main idea of an adaptive hypermedia architecture is to support user personalization. User personalization can be achieved using two ways: (De Bra, Aroyo & Chepegin, 2004); Firstly, using users registration process where users provide their backgrounds and interests. The users' information will be updated when user revisits the sites and makes changes.Secondly by asking users to register only without providing extras information. By having this registration, users will be identified through cookies. The application will adapt to users by monitoring their browsing behavior and create a user model. This user model contains information about their knowledge and interests.
Architecture of AHA! 
Overall architecture of the AHA! (Taken from De Bra, Aerts, Berden, de Lange, Rousseau, Santic, Smits & Stash, 2003) |
| Top of this page | Introduction to AHS | AHS-based application in education | Contacts |
Adaptive hypermedia ideas has gained a lots of interests from wider groups of web researchers. Its main idea is to have a personalized user model which adapting to users need in applications such as education and information retrieval. The user personalized model is hyptothesised able to effectively improve users' engagement as it gives users the correct imformation that suited their learning style.
Intelligent learning environment (ILE) supports students learning processes by adapted to students' learning behaviour. This adaptation considers students model, level of basic knowledge, metacognitive states and their learning pace. Each students in an ILE application is unique and therefore, it's important to personalize the lesson as this can maintain students' engagement with the lesson activities. In this recent years, lots of ILE applications have been developed. Examples of the applications are:
- ELM-ART (Episiodic Learner Model - Adaptive Remote Tutor)
ELM-ART is an on-line intelligent textbook. The domain of this application is learning LISP programming. It provides all the course materials (presentations of new concepts, test, examples, and problems) in hypermedia form. ELM-ART adapts to students by having two major aspects. Firstly, ELM-ART "knows" the material it presents to the student and supports them in learning and navigating the course material. Secondly, students able to experience "live experience" by referring to all examples and problems in this textbook.
There are four main components in ELM-ART which is considers as intelligent as it adapts to students are on-line course material, adaptive navigation support, pre-requisite based help and intelligent problem solving support.
More details on ELM-ART implementation available at: http://www2.sis.pitt.edu/~peterb/papers/ITS96.html#RTFToC
- SQL-Tutor
SQL-Tutor is another example of intelligent tutoring system (ITS) developed by Intelligent Computer Tutoring Group. This system is teaching SQL programming that adapts to specific needs and learning abilities of individual students.
- More projects on the educational hypermedia adaptive systems visits, Adaptive Hypertext and Hypermedia Projects
| Top of this page | Introduction to AHS | AHA! | Contacts |
- If you have any enquiries, please do not hesitate to contact me at:
Nurzeatul H Abdul Hamid (N.H.Abdul-Hamid@sussex.ac.uk)
- Paul De Bra,
Department of Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Peter Brusilovsky, Department of Information Science and Telecommunications, School of Information Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, US.
- Brusilovsky, P. (1996) Methods and techniques of adaptive hypermedia. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction , 6 (2-3), pp. 87-129.
- Brusilovsky, P., Schwarz, E., and Weber, G. (1996) ELM-ART: An intelligent tutoring system on World Wide Web . In C. Frasson, G. Gauthier, & A. Lesgold (Eds.), Third International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, ITS-96 ( Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1086 ), Berlin: Springer Verlag, pp. 261-269.
- De Bra, P., Aroyo, L., Cristea, A., Adaptive Web-based Educational Hypermedia , Book chapter in: Web Dynamics, Adaptive to Change in Content, Size, Topology and Use, (Eds.) Mark Levene, Alexandra Poulovassilis, pp. 387-410, Springer.
- De Bra, P., Aerts, A., Berden, B., De Lange, B., Rousseau, B., Santic, T., Smits, D., Stash, N., AHA! The Adaptive Hypermedia Architecture. Proceedings of the ACM Hypertext Conference, Nottingham, UK, August 2003, pp. 81-84.
- De Bra, P., Brusilovsky, P., and Houben, G.-J. (1999) Adaptive Hypermedia: From Systems to Framework . ACM Computing Survey's , 31 (4es) December 1999.
- Eklund, J., Brusilovsky, P., and Schwarz, E. (1997) Adaptive Textbooks on the WWW . In: H. Ashman, P. Thistewaite, R. Debreceny and A. Ellis (eds.) Proceedings of AUSWEB97, The Third Australian Conference on the World Wide Web, Queensland, Australia, July 5-9, 1997, Southern Cross University Press, pp. 186-192.
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