Lipzóc.
This language has a lot of English rooted words, as well as a lot of Spanish rooted words. There are also some Latin rooted words and then there are some made up words altogether.
So far incomplete. Changes will inevitably take place.
Verbs:
As you will notice, all of the verbs in their infinitive form end in ar (with the exception of the verb Dapár, which is irregular in the infinitive). When verbs are conjugated (see conjugation below) you drop the ar at the end (or ár in the case of dapár) and use the proper conjugation.
Ballar : To Dance
Hymar : To Sing
Nétsar : To Like
Dapár : To Have (regular in all conjugated forms, irregular in the infinitive)
Gapar : To Talk
Jumar : To Run
Pifar : To Live
Safar : To Walk
Quallar : To Climb
Pertar : To Put ; To Place
Gótar : To See
Togar : To Go
Eskar : To Be (irregular in all conjugated forms except tän : Nì eska, ü eskan, é/éa/ìt eska, sorus eskan, tän eskan)
Lukar : To Look
Tevar : To Watch
Lisar : To Listen
Cómposar : To Write, To Compose
Wàntar : To Want (irregular forms: sorus wàntsus, tän wàntsan)
Callar : To Call
Necesar : To Need
Sar : To Be (irregular in all conjugated forms except ü : nì so, ü sü, é/éa/ít sä, sorus son, tän són)
Pesar : To Pass
Regar : To Eat
Drounar: To Drink
Kosar: To Know
Hacar: To Do, To Make
Hinar: To Think, To Plan (This verb means to think, unless it is followed by an infinitive, in which case it means to plan).
Logar: To hide
Hänsar: To Say
Hanar: To Feel
Virar: To Come
Zétinar: To Begin
Kantar: To Wait
Ekenar: To Create
Malar: To Sail
Wistar: To Whistle
Äalar: To Wear
Ürar: To Yell
Separ: To Help
Tanar: To Understand
Amorar: To Love
Anomar: To Trust
Hékar: To Speak
Känkar: To Thank (Känkü also means thank you and känks means thanks).
Réembar: To Remeber
Rìnar: To Play
Lenar: To Learn
Purchar: To Buy, To Purchase
Sìäar: To Win
Danar: To Wish
Virkar: To Wake
Hänar: To Bed (really To go to bed).
Sépar: To Sleep
Xanar: To Color
Árínar: To Fly
Verb Conjugations:
English : this language : Conjugation (chop off ar at end and replace with this)
Personal pronoun in English : Lipzóc translation : regular verb conjugations
I : nì : í
You : ü : ü
He/She/It : é/éa/ít : e
We : Sorus : us
They : tän : an
Word Order: Word order in any language is very important. Misplaced words could completely alter the meaning of a sentence. For example, "The man found that the woman was thirsty" and "The Man found the woman that was thirsty" have two different meanings. In Lipzóc, the word order is the same as in English for positive statements. For negative states, however, the word no comes at the beginning of the statement that is negative. See the examples below.
After a verb has been conjugated for a pronoun or personal pronoun, then future verbs do not need conjugation until the pronoun or personal pronoun has been changed. Some exceptions do exist, however (WATCH OUT for those exceptions below!!!). The most major one is that verbs must be re-conjugated after every conjunction.
Some Examples:
no tän ballan gár tän hymar. / Literal Translation: No they dance but (they) to sing. / Fixed Translation: They don't dance but they sing.
nì nétsí safar y gapar gár no (nì) nétsí jumar. / Literal Translation: I like to walk and to talk but no I like to run. / Fixed Translation: I like to walk and talk but I don't like to run.
sorus pifus im Seattle, Washington. / Translation: We live in Seattle, Washington.
ü dapü omo casa. / Translation: You have one house.
é/éa/ít quale de abor. /Translation: he/she/it climbs the tree.
Personal Pronouns need not be repeated later if the personal pronoun hasn't changed. However, if may be placed there if you wish it to be there. Always indicated by ( ).
nì safí gár no (nì) jumar. (I walk but I don't run).
sorus wàntsus omo cäsa. (We want a home).
tän lukan. (They look).
é/éa/ít dape omo casa. (he/she/it has a house).
ü togü tü de nextexx. (You go to the market).
Verbs: Present Tense Particle: This is done simply by adding "sä" onto the infinitive.
To Be : If you noticed from the verb list above (near the top of the page) there are two different words for the verb to be. They are eskar and sar. Both are irregular in the conjugated forms (see above). Although they both mean the same thing, they are NOT to be interchangeable. Eskar is used with adjectives and nouns, and sar is used with verbs, or when the verb to be sits by itself (am example of this rare occasion is also below). Here are some examples (you will also be picking up a couple of grammer rules involving asking and answering questions on this one):
Sorus son safarsä. (We are walking).
Nì so ballarsä. (I am dancing).
Tän eskan énorm y dap. (They are big and tall).
é/éa/ít eska nómé. (He/She/It is wealthy).
no ü eskan nómé. (You are not wealthy).
ü sü lukarsä. (You are looking).
Sü ü lukarsä? (Are you looking?).
Eska é/éa/ít dap? (Is he/she/it tall?).
Eskan sorus päle? (Are we late?).
Eskan sorus timer? (Are we on time?).
No sorus eskan timer? (We are not on time?).
Sorus son? (We are?)
Nì eska interesante. (I am interesting).
Eskan ü timer? (Are you on time?).
No ü eskan timer. (You are not on time.).
No nì eska timer? (I am not on time?).
ü eskan päle! (You're late!).
Eskan ü päle? (Are you late?).
Tän són jumarte. (They are running.).
Tän eskan ip. (They are ill.).
Yep, nì eska ip. (Yes, I'm ill).
Yeah, nì eska ip. (Yes, I'm ill).
Nì eksa cäsa. (I am home).
ü eskan ela. (You are early).
Nì so? (I am?).
Nì eska üra. (Literal Translation: I am hurry. / Fixed Translation: I am in a hurry).
Pronunciations are as follows:
Personal pronouns : Nì (Like Nye, as in Bill Nye the Science Guy). ü (ooh, as in ooh, I'm telling). é (E, like in he). éa (e (like in he) with an "uh" sound at the). ít (pronounced just like eat. Almost exactly like it). Sorus (Soar - Us put together). Tän (T - ain sound as in container).
Conjugation endings of the personal pronouns on verbs : í (sounds like e as in re) ü (same as the personal pronoun sound of ü). e (like the e sound in best and bet). Us (sounds just the same as saying the word us in English). an (the an sound as in and).
Conjunctions : y (just exactly the same in in the Spanish word for and, which is where this was borrowed from). gár (the g sound with an air sound following it. Like the English name Gary but without the y on the end).
Alphabet: There are 33 letters (or, characters) to the lipzóc alphabet. Most of the letter make the same sounds that you hear in English, and others don't. There are also new letters in this alphabet.
a (a sound as in apple or cat, but in some words it is pronounced like the uh sound. The uh sound only applies when a is the last letter of the word, as in éa or eska. However, other letter combinations can also slightly change the sound of this letter, as with others. Ar does make the ar sound as in the English word are. This is mainly seen at the end of verbs left in their infinitives, and on occasion, in other places too).
à (ah, the a sound in want).
á (the ai sound as in air. But, since its very rarely used and only with an r following it, it to be ár you are pronounce it air every time that you see it).
ä (a sound as in the English word inane).
b (as in bed).
c (as in cat. When coupled with h, it becomes the ch sound as in chat).
ç (when you see this letter, you say the English s sound with a lisp. This is an extremely low frequency letter).
d (the d sound as in dap).
e (e sound like in best and bet).
é (like the e sound as in he. Also like the ea sound in neat).
f (as in fall).
g (as in garden).
h (as in him or her. Hy = him minus the sound that the m makes. Hymar (to sing) is pronounced him-ar. Likewise, quarhyt (toilet) would be pronounced quar-hit. The letter combination hi to make this sound instead does not exist in this language. It is rare to come across anyway).
i (as in listen).
í (the í sound like in the Spanish word for yes, sí, or the long e sound from English. They are pretty much the same exact sound).
ì (Exactly like the word I in English).
j (as in jack and jill and jog).
k (as in desk).
l (as in lazy).
m (as in mom).
n (as in nap or neat or near).
ñ (as in the Spanish word años).
o (the oe sound as in toe. If it is paired with an r following it, it is pronounced just like or in English. ou makes the same ou sound as in the English word sound).
ó (o sound as in intercom).
p (as in gap).
q (only used right before the letter u, which makes the qu sound as in quality, quantity, or qualm).
r (as in rest).
s (as in stop).
t (as in cut and put).
u (as in luck).
ü (as in oo, the oo sound in tool).
v (as in van).
w (as in want).
x (makes the th sound like in the English words the, they, or birth, unless followed by y, then it makes the sound xy as in xylophone. If it is xx, then it makes the English x sound, as in next or text or exam, as apposed to the th sound).
y (as in yep, unless it stands alone, in which case it makes the e sound as in the English word he. When y stands by itself and makes that sound, it means and, just like in the Spanish language).
z (as in zeppelin or zebra)
More sample sentences. Watch for new vocabulary within them as you are reading:
Ü regü y drounar eva fría. (You eat and drink every day).
De tempo eska frío. (The weather is cold).
De abor eska frä dap. (The tree is very tall).
Nì kosí ü kosü. (I know you know).
Nì kosí at ü kosü. (I know that you know).
De keska eska lasma. (The desk is small).
É/Éa/Ít necese hymar im de mühical. (He/She/It needs to sing in the musical).
Sorus togus tü y fro de nextexx. (We go to and from the market).
Tän nétsan lisar ár illís mühica. (They like to listen to their music).
Nì hiní at è/èa/ít eska lóp. (I think that he/she/it is poor).
Nì hiní (nì) kosí. (I think (I) know).
Sorus hänsus... (We say...)
Nì hänsí... (I say...)
Tän hänsan at... (They say that...)
É/Éa/Ít necese hacar de hä. (He/She/It needs to make the bed).
Sorus necesus hacar tro híno. (We need to do our homework).
Nì dapí hacar mí chiras. (I have to do my chores).
Ü dapü hacar tü chira. (You have to do your chore).
Tenses: So far, everything that you have read has been in the present tense. Now, lets take a look at how you would say things that are going to happen in the future (future tense) and things that have happened in the past (past tense).
Future Tense: When talking about what you are going to do in the future, you would use Personal Pronoun + Sar + Togar + Infinitive. This is basically the same thing that you do in English. For example, in English, lets take a look at this sentence: "I am going to eat." Once you have defined who is doing it (in this case, I), you correctly conjugate the irregular verb "to be". After that, you use the inflected form of the verb "to go" (going). So at this point, in English, you have "I am going", and in Lipzóc, you already have "Nì so togarte". Now, you just need that one final component. The activity which you are going to do. This part is easy if you know the verbs in their infinitives, because no conjugating is needed, and so you don't have to think about that. In my example, the English the verb "to eat" is used. So in Lipzóc, that would be regar. So, in English, the finished product becomes "I am going to eat" and in Lipzóc, you would say "Nì so togarte regar".
Here are some more examples:
Nì so togarte regar. (I am going to eat).
Ü sü togarte safar. (You are going to walk).
É/Éa/Ít sä togarte dapár jumar. (He/She/It is going to have to run).
Sorus son togarte togar tü de nextexx. (We are going to go to the market).
Tän són togarte ballar. (They are going to dance).
Nì so togarte hacar zilch. (I am going to do nothing).
Ü sü togarte hacar alquid. (You are going to do something).
É/Éa/Ít sä togarte sar hymar. (I am going to be singing).
Sorus son togarte eskar nómé. (We are going to be wealthy).
Tän són togarte pifar Los Angeles, California. (We are going to live in Los Anlgeles, California).
No Nì so togarte hacar zilch. (I am not going to do nothing).
No ü sü togarte hacar alquid. (You are not going to do something).
Future tense with will:
Nì nip. (I will).
Nì nip safí. (I will walk).
Ü nip. (You will).
Ü nip regü. (You will eat).
É/Éa/Ít nip. (He/She/It will).
É/Éa/Ít nip dape... (He/She/It will have...).
Sorus nip. (We will).
Sorus nip gapus. (We will talk).
Tän nip. (They will).
Tän nip qualan. (They will climb).
No sorus nip gapus. (We will not talk).
No tän nip qualan. (They will not climb).
No nì nipin. (No I won't).
No ü nipin. (No you won't).
Nipin. (Won't).
Future tense with to plan:
Nì hiní gapar... (I plan to talk...)
Ü hinü togar... (I plan to go...)
É/Éa/Ít hine qualar... (He/She/It plans to climb...)
Sorus hinus tevar... (We plan to watch...)
Tän hinan composar... (We plan to write...)
No Nì hiní gapar... (I don't plan to talk...)
No Sorus hinus tevar... (We don't plan to watch...)
Past Tense: When you want to talk about what has already happened in the past, you drop that ar off of the infinitive but instead of adding on the present tense forms which we have already learned, you add an ir. Use this for all forms. Here are some examples:
Nì gótir... (I saw...)
Ü safir... (You walked...)
É/Éa/Ít lukir... (He/She/It looked...)
Sorus pifir... (We lived...)
Tän tevir... (They watched...)
É/Éa/Ít kanir... (He/She/It waited...)
É häsir / Éa häsir... (He said / She said...)
Nì hací síempra amorir... (I have always loved...)
Past Tense with did and didn't: Here, after you use the word did, you add "sä" onto the end of the infinitive.
Nì nid gótarsä... (I did see...)
Ü nid safarsä... (You did walk...)
É/Éa/Ít nid lukarsä... (He/She/It did look...)
Sorus nid pifarsä... (We did live...)
Tän nid tevarsä... (They did watch...)
No sorus nidí pifarsä.. (We did not live...)
No nì nidí gótarsä... (I did not see...)
No nì nidí!!! (No I didn't!!!)
No tän nidí!!! (No they didn't!!!)
Yeah Nì nid!!! (Yes I did!!!)
No, Nì nid. (No, I did).
Sorus nid!!! (We did!!!)
Ü nid. (You did).
É/Éa/Ít nid. (He/She/It did).
Nì nid amorarsä... (I did love...)
Nid ü togarsä? (Did you go?).
No nì nidí togarsä. (No I didn't go).
Past Tense with was/were and wasn't/weren't: Here, you use the same te ending at the end of the infinitive as before for the present tense particle.
Nì silü gótarte... (I was seeing...)
Ü sila safarte... (You were walking...)
É/Éa/Ít silü lukarte... (He/She/It was looking...)
Sorus sila pifarte... (We were living...)
Tän sila tevarte... (They were watching...)
No ü silan safarte... (You weren't walking...)
No É/Éa/Ít silün lukarte... (He/She/It wasn't looking...)
No tän silan!!! (No they weren't!!!)
No sorus silan!!! (No we weren't!!!)
Yeah, ü sila. (Yes, you were).
Sorus sila!!! (We were!!!)
Nì silü!!! (I was!!!)
Em de zétinarte... (In the beginning...)
Quicker ways to say it:
No nì gótarte... (I wasn't seeing...)
No ü safarte... (You weren't walking...)
No è/èa/ìt lukarte... (He/She/It wasn't looking...)
No sorus pifarte... (We weren't living...)
No tän tevarte... (They weren't watching...)
No nì gótarsä... (I didn't see...)
No ü safarsä... (You didn't walk...)
No sorus pifarsä... (We didn't live...)
Possessives and Pronouns:
Mí (My)
Mé (Me)
Mim (Mine)
Tü (Your)
Tüs (Yours)
Ém (Him)
Em (His)
Éam (Her)
Eam (Hers)
Íts (Its)
Nos (Us)
Tro (Our)
Tros (Ours)
Irum (Them)
Illí (Their)
Illís (Theirs)
Somo (Someone, Somebody)
Somos (Someone's, Somebody's)
Nomo (No one)
Nomos (No one's)
Evmo (Everyone)
Evmos (Everyone's)
With possessives, verbs must always be conjugated with every usage of them to fit. You can also use an "s" at the end of a name (formal or informal) to show that that person possesses that thing. Here are some sample sentences with these possessive articles:
Evmo safe y gape. (Everyone walks and talks).
Ít eska Evmos nextexx. (It's Everyone's store).
Ít eska em casa. (It's his house).
Im eam padas casa. (In her fathers house).
Making words plural: You add an "s" onto the singular form. Abor (tree) becomes abors (trees), dümon (bush) becomes dümons (bushes), risa (cracker) becomes risas (crackers) and so forth. However, if it follow xx or z, then you add an "es" instead. Nextexx (market) becomes nextexxes (markets), tarpez (candy) becomes tarpezes (candies) and so on.
More Practice: As always, watch out for new vocabulary, especially now, with: Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How.
Xalga hacü hänsar...? (How do you say...?)
Kä eska tü néhim? (What is your name?)
Kanso eska de párhé? (When is the party?)
Kilbo eska de casa? (Where is the house?)
Qué no eska ü togarte? (Why aren't you going?)
Evmo kels eska togarte. (Everyone else is going).
Nì so kantarte. (I am waiting).
Sorus son kantarte. (We are waiting).
Tän sila kantarte. (They were waiting).
Ü sü togarte kantar. (You are going to wait).
É/Éa/Ít sä kantarte. (He/She/It is waiting).
Sorus nid kantarsä. (We did wait).
Kä hacü hinar? (What do you think?).
Aqué so nì hinar... (Here is what I think...)
Nì so gotarte... (I am seeing...)
Nì gotarsä... (I see...)
Tän hinir... (They thought...)
Nì kosí at! (I know that!).
Nì kosí!!! (I know!!!).
Küí kels sä togarte? (Who else is going?).
Nì so togarte. (I am going).
Nì togarse. (I went).
Kä sü hacarte? (What are you doing?)
Hacü hékü lipzóc? (Do you speak lipzóc?).
Nì so logarte em de dümons. (I am hiding in the bushes).
Nì logir em de dümons. (I hid in the bushes).
Ü sila hort y tim (ü) eskan dap! (You were short and now (you) are tall!)
No nì silün hort! (I wasn't short!)
Gip de yì ü sü. (Just the way you are).
Aquár eskan chiros yìs. (There are many ways).
Aquár eskan älót ov yìs. (There are a lot ways).
Eskar o no eskar, at eska de hesterén! (To be or not to be, that is the question!).
Sìäar rantra eska néts omo lasma zectón ov Hevón. (To win would be like a little piece of Heaven).
Hacü rìnü de líamo? (Do you play the piano?)
Hacnì rìní de líamo!!?? Tev! (Do I play the piano??!! Watch!)
Note on informal commands: Leave the verb by itself without any ending on it. So, for example, tev would be watch. "Tev me" would be "watch me". As stated, these are for INFORMAL commands, NOT for formal commands. These forms also work for verbs used as adverbs and/or other modifying terms.
Tev! (Watch!)
Tog! (Go!)
Call me. (Call me).
Ü callü me. (You call me).
Vir con me. (Come with me).
néts ít o no... (Like it or not...)
Tev y len! (Watch and learn).
Ít eska néts íg ü togü tü de park... (It's like if you go to the park...)
Kanso hacü häü? (Literal translation: When do you bed? / Fixed Translation: When do you go to bed?).
Tog häar! (Go to bed).
Nì häí tat swefen. (Literal Translation: I bed at twelve. / Fixed Translation: I go to bed at twelve).
Tat kä time nid ü togarsä sépar? (At what time did you go to sleep?).
Kä kílé xans!!! (What pretty colors!!!).
Kä kílén xans!!! (What beautiful colors!!!).
Kä kíle xans!!! (What nice colors!!!).
Kä omo kíle xan! (What a nice color!).
Nì áríní tü Los Angeles finía dék. (I fly to Los Angeles next week).
Ü togü afrí. (You go today).
Contractions: With the verb Eskar (To Be), a contraction can be formed for each of the personal pronouns.
Nì eska (I am) = Nìka (I'm)
Ü eskan (You are) = Ükan (You're)
É eska (He is) = Éka (He's)
Éa eska (She is) = Éaka (She's)
Ít eska (It is) = Ítska (It's)
Sorus eskan (We are) = Soruskan (We're)
Tän eksan (They are) = Tänkan (They're)
