| 2. Arival of Islam in the Sub-Continent |
| 16th July 622 | Hijri calender is considered to be started as Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) migrated to Madina Munawara. |
| 712 AD | Muhammad Bin Qasim arrived in Sindh through Daibal. |
| 1097 AD | Shaikh Ab-al-NajibSuhrawardi founder of Suhrawardi Order born |
| 1162 AD | Shaikh Ab-al-Najib Suhrawardi died |
| 1182 AD | Sheikh Baha-ud-din Zakariya of Multan who introduced Suhrawardi order into Muslim India born. |
| 1191-92 AD | Muhammad Ghauri defeated Prithvi Raj Chauhan at the battles of Taraori. |
| 1194 AD | After the second battle Muhammad Ghauri returned to Ghazni. |
| 1238 AD | Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya who was appointed Khalifa by Baba Farid of Chishtiya order born |
| 1206 AD | Qutbuddin Aibak took controlof the Sub-Continent after the death of Muizuddin Muhammad Ghauri, and layed the foundations of Sultanate of Delhi, first Islamic Empire of sub-continent. The Ilbari (or slaves from Turkish origin.) were the first ruling dynasty of Sultanate of Delhi. |
| 1217 AD | Shamsuddin Iltumish was real founder of Sultanate as he defeated his rivals, and saved his kingdom from Mongol invasions in 1217 AD. |
| 1265 AD | Ghiasuddin Balban of Turkish nobles seized the throne after invasions from Mongols in Northern Punjab in 1230. |
| 1267-68 AD | Sheikh Baha-ud-din Zakariya died |
| 1286 AD | Ilbari dynasty ended as Ghiasuddin Balban died, who dealt severly with Turkish nobility and gave a centeralized system of administration. |
| 1290 AD | Khaljis were the second dynasty of Sultanate of Delhi, also of Turkish origin, took control. |
| 1320 AD | The third dynasty of Sultanate of Delhi, Tughluqs also turkish, came. |
| 1325 AD | Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya died |
| 1414 AD | Saiyads, fourth dynasty of Sultanate of Delhi came. |
| 1451 AD | The Lodihs of Afghan origin ruled sub-continent as fifth dynasty of Sultanate of Delhi. |
| 1526 AD | The Lodhis were defeated by Zahiruddin Babur at the battle of Panipat in April 1526, this was the begining of Mughal Empire. |
| 16 March 1527 | Kanwaha battle took place between forces of Babur and Rana Songa of Mewar, a Rajput prince. Babur forces defeated Rajput in this decisive battle. |
| 1528 AD | Babur captures Chanderi from Rajput chief Medini Rao. |
| 1529 AD | Babur forces continued by defeating Afghan chiefs under Mahmud Lodhi at the battle of Ghagra in Bihar state. |
| 26 December 1530 | Zaheeruddin Babur died at Agra. |
| 1530 AD | Humayun eldest son of Babur took control of Mughal Empire. |
| 1540 AD | Sher Shah Suri defeated Mughals in the battles of Chausa and Kanauj, and for nearly 15 years, Mughal king Humayun had to stay in exile. This was a setback to the great Mughal Empire by Sher Shah Suri. |
| 1545 AD | Sher Shah Suri died. Hasan Shah Sur his son continued the Suri dynasty after his death. |
| 1555 AD | Humayun regain the power. |
| 1556 AD | The real foundations of great Mughal Empire were laid by Akbar after the death of Humayun this year. Akbar was only 13 years old at that time but thanks to his guardian Bairam Khan who helped him to established great Mughal Empire through series of conquests, and area of Mughal Empire increased. |
| 26 June 1564 | Sheikh Ahmad was born who joined Naqshbandya Silsilah under the decipline of Khawaja Baqi Billah. He gave the philosophy of Wahdat-ul Wujud and Wahdat-ush Shuhud in his dedication to Islam. |
| 1572 AD | Akbar conquired Gujrat and renamed it Fatehpur. He build Jamia Masjid with impressive gateway of red stone known as Buland Darwaza in this new capital. |
| 1581 AD | Akbar introduced Din-i-Ilahi, which gave a great threat to Islam at that time. |
| 1583 AD | British arrived in Sub-continent for the first time as traders which Queen Elizabeth sent in ship Tygar to exploit oppertunities of trade with sub-continent. |
| 1605 AD | Jehangir's reign began after Akbar. Jehangir was Akbar's son and his original name was Salim. During his reign, Mughal Rule reached its climax through transition between two grand phases of architecture, phase of Akbar and the phase of his son Shah Jehan. The major feature of this period of Mughal architecture was that of substitution of red stone with white marble and great gardens including Shalimar Garden in Lahore and numerous other gardens aroung sub-continent. Mughal painting also reached its peak during Jehangir's reign which lost much of its glamour after his death. |
| 1614 AD | British East India Company opened its first office in Bombay. |
| 1628 AD | After Jehangir's death, his son Khurram took the name of Shah Jehan and further extended his Empire to Kandahar and conquered much of southern India, it was during Shah Jehan's reign when Mughal Empire was in its golden period. The Mughal architecture move further in this period and major feature was white marble, this include Dewan-e-Aam in Agra, Moti Masjid, Shish Mehal and Dewan-e-Khas in Lahore Fort. |
| 1631 AD | The exquisite concept of mausoleum of Shah Jehan's wife Arjumand Banu Begum, Taj Mehal was started. |
| 1653 AD | One of the wonders of World, Taj Mehal was completed showing all the glory of Mughal architecture. |
| 1658 AD | Auranzeb Alamgir's reign started after death of Shah Jehan. The largest mosque in the world of its time, Badshahi Mosque was a great achievement during Aurangzeb's reign. Despite this Aurangzeb gave many grants to Hindus by appointing them in commanding positions in goverment and allowing them to restore temples. Mughal Empire start declining after this period. |
| 21 February 1703 | Shah Wali Ullah son of Shah Abdul Rehman born |
| 1707 AD | Aurangzeb's death, and Mughal Empire started declining. Although Bahadur Shah Zafar son of Auranzeb took control, Marahattas power increased and they became invincible rular of Deccan. In Punjab, Sikh power under Guru Gowind Singh also became a force. These power centers continualy increased until 1857. Shah Wali Ullah reform movement also started at that time, which lasted until 1762 AD. |
| 1738-39 AD | The weakening of Mughal Empire invited Nadir Shah a persian king. Afghans of Rohilkhand and Jats became other threats to Mughal Empire. |
| 1757 AD | East India Company became deeply enmeshed with politics of India, and after the battle of Plassey this year British begane the systematic conquest of sub-continent. |
| 1830 AD | Haji Shariatullah started Faraizi Movement in East Bengal. |
| 1835 AD | English was declared as official language of sub-continent by British. |
| 1840 AD | Haji Shariatullah of Faraizi Movement died. His son Muhammad Mohsin known as Dadhu Mian made this movement stronger after his death. |
| 1845 AD | British Empire grown from Bengal to Sindh, excluding Punjab which was ruled by Sikhs. |
| 1848 AD | After the second Sikh War, British took control of Punjab and Indus Valley. |
| 1860 AD | Muhammad Mohsin (Dadhu Mian) died. |
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