| 1. Ancient Empires of the Sub-Continent |
| 50,000 BC | Stone Age civilisation of Soan river Valley near Rawalpindi |
| 7000 BC | Agricultural and farming started in Baluchistan, N.W.F.P and Punjab areas |
| 2600 BC | Indus river Valley Civilisation started in Kot Diji, Meonjodaro and Harappa areas. |
| 1700 BC | Indus river Valley Civilisation ended as Aryans the rough cattle breeders invaded their cities. Aryans followed strict caste system which later became Hinduism. They wrote the first Hindu scripture as "Rig Veda" Book. |
| 600 BC | People get frustrated by Hinduism's caste system, as Buddah son of a Kashatriya king started to preach equality among the humans which was accepted by people of Northern sub-continent. Gandhara became major power in the region, with its city "Pushkalavati" (present Charsada) and "Taxila" center of civilisation and culture. |
| 327 BC | Alexander the Great invaded sub-continent through Khaybar Pass. |
| 323 BC | Alexander the Great died in Iraq becauseof a serious wound recieved at Multan from Malloi people. |
| 321 BC | Chandragubta Maurya member of royal family of Magadha captured Punjab and formed Mauryan Empire. |
| 297 BC | Chandragubta Maurya succeeded in adding Deccan to Mauryan Empire with the help of his son Bindusara. After Bindusara, his son Ashoka ruled Mauryan Empire with great compassionately, and he spreaded Buddhism throughout sub-continent by building Buddhist monasteries and stupas. |
| 195 BC | Demetrius the great king of Bactria conquered Kabul river Valley. He rebuild Taxila and Pushkalavati (present Charsada) as capitals of Gandhara |
| 75 BC | Scythians the persian nomads from central asia followed Demetrius to capture sub-continent. |
| 53 BC | Parthians defeated Greeks and ruled northern Pakistan, They promoted art and religion and Gandhara school of art developed. |
| 64 AD | The kushana king, Kujula rular of nomad tribes from central Asia overthrew Parthians and took over Gandhara. The Kushans further extende their rule from Bay of Bangal to Bahawalpur, and upto Kashgar the chinese frontier. They made Purushapura city of flowers (Peshawar) the capital. |
| 128 AD | Kanishka greatest of Kushans rules. Jewelry, perfumes, spices, textiles, medicine trade with Romans flourished during his rule. Thousands of stupas and monasteries were build, and Gandhara school of art produced the best sculpture. |
| 151 AD | Kanishka rule ended as he was killed during sleep. |
| 300 AD | Kushan Empire was eroded by Sassanian from North, and Gupta Empire from South. Then Kushan Empire was reduced to a new dynasty of Kidar (Little) Kushans with Purushapura as capital and center. |
| 400 AD | The Whit Hunes (horse-riding nomads from China) came from Central Asia, and invaded Gandhara. The sun and fire worshiping Hunes took the glory of school of art and Buddhism gradually disapeared from Northern Pakistan. |
| 565 AD | Sassanians and Turksdefeated Hunes, and the area was mostly left for small Hindu kingdoms with the Turki Shahi rulars controlling the area. Buddhism declined as more people were converted into Brahman Hindus. |
| 870 AD | Overthrowing Turki Shahis the central Asian Hindu Shahis established their rule. Their capital was Hund on Indus, and Kingdom extended from Jalalabad to Multan, and upto Northern Kashmir. |
| 1008 AD | Hindu Shahis rule ended. |
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