Pharmacology
Anxiolytic - Antipanic
Alprazolam, a triazolo 1,4 benzodiazepine analog, binds with high affinity to the GABA benzodiazepine receptor complex. Considerable evidence suggest that the central pharmacologic/therapeutic actions of alprazolam are mediated via interaction with this receptor complex.
Orally administered it is readily absorbed in man with peak plasma concentrations occurring 1 to 2 hours following administration. The half life range is 6 to 20 hours following single dose administration. With multiple doses, given 3 times daily, steady state is reached within 7 days. Alprazolam and its metabolites are excreted primarily in the urine. Degradation occurs mainly by oxidation yielding the primary and secondary metabolites which are active and appear to have half-lives similar to alprazolam but are present at only low levels in the plasma. Alprazolam is 80% protein bound.
Alprazolam 500 mcg (0.5 mg), administered 3 times a day for 14 days, did not affect prothrombin times or plasma warfarin levels in male volunteers administered sodium warfarin orally.
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